scholarly journals Information and Digital Technologies in the Field of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Biological Resources During the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
The State ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Important Branch

The article presents suggestions and comments on the development of new legislation based on new definitions, improvement of regulatory legal acts and their analysis related to the use of biological resources for scientific purposes and ensuring biological safety. The author analyzes important issues that further develop the theory of environmental law in the field of protection and use of biological resources. On issues related to the use and protection of biological resources, analytical information will be provided on the establishment and effective functioning of scientific institutions, their legal status, biological threats and biological safety.It is argued that biosecurity is an important branch of national security. The role of the environment, the importance of international regulation of the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their by-products are studied , and a number of environmental legal recommendations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are proposed. The author analyzes digitalization in the field of ecology, As the system of environmental monitoring is an urgent problem that has not yet been solved in the world. Its functionality consists in the accumulation, systematization and analysis of information: about the state of the environment, the causes of changes in the state, the sources and factors of impact, for which the author offers his suggestions.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN ACCOUNTING: PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Olena KOVAL
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises

The issues of accounting and information provision of management, state and social control over biological assets with genetically modified forms are considered. The method of constructing a separate account of the availability of genetically modified biological assets (GMBA) and operations on their transformations has been developed, ways of improving the quality of the P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41 "Agriculture" have been identified, which lies in the rethinking of the role of agricultural activity for social and environmental and environmental factors of human development. The analysis of accounting standards has shown that in the content of P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41 "Agriculture" there is no information on the procedure for the accounting and control of biological assets and agricultural products from GMOs. In connection with this, it is necessary to find an integrated approach to building a system of accounting for biological assets with genetically modified organisms, in view of increasing public requests for accounting information in the context of sustainable development. Since GMOs are the assets of all agricultural enterprises in the form of biological assets and agricultural products, for the "transparent" accounting of the enterprise it is necessary to reflect them as separate objects of accounting. Mandatory allocation of relevant analytical accounts leads to the introduction of additional articles on genetically modified biological assets in the accounting registers of accounting and statistical reporting. The accounting of biological assets with genetically modified organisms should ensure that accurate information is obtained about the quality and quantity of these assets, and the basis for their reliable assessment. More responsibly should be placed on the disclosure of information on genetically modified biological assets in the Notes to the Financial Statements. We suggest that the accumulated information on biological assets from GMOs be reflected in a separate section in section 16 entitled "Financial Results from Primary Acceptance and Marketing of Agricultural Products from GMOs and Additional Biological Assets with GMOs". The introduction of a separate section in the notes on genetically modified assets will allow obtaining the necessary operational information on these assets for management needs and for the state as a whole. Information on the biological assets of the enterprise and their biological transformations, as well as agricultural products, are reflected in the Form 50-s. "Basic economic indicators of agricultural enterprises". We consider it expedient to supplement it with another section, which will reflect the information on the composition of production and marketing of agricultural products from GMOs. The financial statements of agricultural enterprises require changes in the reflection of the reassessment of biological assets and information on the production and sale of genetically modified assets. Information on GMO biological assets is currently absent from P (S) "Biological Assets" and IAS 41, although it is significant both at the enterprise level and on the basis of the country as a whole. Therefore, we consider it expedient to supplement the contents of the provisions with the section "Environmental safety", which will specify the method of constructing a separate accounting for biological assets with GMOs. Solving the problems of accurately displaying information in accounting and reporting regarding genetically modified biological assets and their biological transformations requires the adoption of new, regulatory and legal decisions by the state. Taking into account the harmonization of Ukraine's legislation with the EU, this statement is quite logical. In this regard, we propose the standard of accounting for agricultural activities to be supplemented with the section "State support", which, in addition to the norms reflected in IAS 41, found a place and provisions to stimulate the production of biological assets and agricultural products without genetically modified organisms.From the above, we believe that at the state level, companies should be required to account for biological assets and agricultural products from GMOs in accounting and reporting. The real steps in this regard are to create, with the help of economic incentives (taxes, loans, privileges, etc.), state support to companies that provide true information on the availability of biological assets from GMOs, the quantity of GM products grown and markets for its sales. Consequently, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of a new accounting of agricultural activity, having identified the problems of its application in practice, we propose to finalize P (S) 30 "Biological Assets". The revised standard will facilitate more realistic accounting in agriculture and achievement of higher end results of activities in order to ensure the management of reliable and truthful information about the results of activities. Improvement of P (S) 30 "Biological Assets" lies in the rethinking of the role of agricultural activity for social and environmental and environmental factors of human development. The issue of "State support" and "Environmental safety" require separate disclosure in agricultural sectoral standards. The world standardization of accounting and reporting of the production of genetically modified products is also very important

Part VI Actors, Ch.35 The State

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marauhn Thilo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
The State ◽  
International Environmental Law ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
International Legal System ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Freedom Of Action

This chapter assesses the role of the state in international environmental law. The starting point is the Westphalian notion of states' unimpaired freedom of action, increasingly revealed as a ‘myth’. The chapter then considers ideas of contemporary statehood—an element of a global system of environmental governance. Contemporary statehood and its relevance for international environmental law can best be illuminated by focusing on the roles assumed by states as authors, addressees, and guardians of international law. Finally, the chapter discusses the changing role of states in light of ongoing transformations in the international legal system, including the growing plurality of actors, norms, and institutions, as well as the growth of inter-linked networks of states and other actors.

Human Life and Health as an Object of Environmental Law in the Globalised World

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
Anatolii Getman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
State Of The Environment

The article examines the issues of legal protection of human life and health in the latest globalisation processes, which have covered all spheres of political, economic, financial, social, geographical and cultural life and are becoming a basic factor of humanity on the planet. These processes set new trends in the ecological development of the state, redefine the problems of environmental security due to the changing nature of the challenges and threats facing humanity. The unfavourable state of the environment and the need to ensure environmental safety require the adoption of adequate legal, organisational and other measures. It is believed that in these conditions a human, his life and health should be at the centre of the mechanism of legal regulation of protection and defence, environmental safety, especially the establishment of the legal status of citizens affected by the negative consequences of environmental danger and guarantees of such citizens. The state has a number of obligations to human to create conditions for his “environmental comfort”. Such obligations should be reflected in the environmental legislation of the respective states. Recently, urban areas have been becoming threatening, the uncontrolled expansion of which inevitably leads to disruption of the normal functioning of the biogeotic cover of the planet, and consequently – a negative impact on health and life of mankind and especially that part of it living in large cities or other cities. It turns out that the general unfavourable state of the environment makes new demands on environmental security, which in the context of globalisation and internalisation of environmental problems is becoming a dominant factor in global security, as the environmental situation worsens, requiring effective policies to improve it.

LEGAL STATUS OF THE STATE CONSTRUCTION CONTROL BUREAU

2019 ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Jeļena Krauliša
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
State Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Construction Control ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Short Period ◽  
State Construction ◽  
And Function

The article is devoted to the study of the legal status of the State Construction Control Bureau and its development, thus concluding the importance and necessity of the State Construction Control Bureau. The results of the State Construction Control Bureau work in relatively short period, which provide an opportunity to conclude on the role of this state institution, but also evaluate the exiting construction work control system in the country. In the article assessed the competence of the State Construction Control Bureau, as well as the rights, duties and function assigned to construction work inspectors of Bureau.

Theories of human rights and its history

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (09) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Nigar Hafiz qızı Məmmədova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
Criminal Charges ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive

Human rights are the opportunities that people have from birth to death. Regardless of race, nationality, gender, every person has certain rights. These rights must be applied regardless of where and in what position people live. No one has the right to receive these rights from people. But there are also some restrictive cases in this area. If a person violates the law or acts contrary to the national security interests of the state, then it is inevitable to make decisions within the framework required by the law. Human rights are norms that seek to protect people from serious political, legal and social exploitation. The most important of these rights are freedom of religion, the right to a fair trial on criminal charges, the right not to be tortured and the right to education. The philosophy of human rights is understood to answer questions about the existence, essence, validity, justification and legal status of human rights. Human rights are relations that determine the place and role of a person and a citizen in society and the state, the essence of the realization of a person's own capabilities and limits established by the state, as well as ways of ensuring and protecting. At the same time, the legal status of a person includes socio-economic, civil, political and personal rights and freedoms. Key words:human rights,ombudsman,social exploitation,occupied lands,refugees

3. Environmental values, principles, and rights

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Bell ◽  
Donald McGillivray ◽  
Ole W. Pedersen ◽  
Emma Lees ◽  
Elen Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Different Types

This chapter focuses on the complexity of environmental problems, which is one of its defining characteristics in the sense that there are often many interconnected, variable elements to the problem. It considers the interaction between values and environmental law, which involves some reflection on differing attitudes to the environment. The chapter examines some of the ways in which these values are translated into environmental principles, such as the goal of sustainable development or the Precautionary Principle; it then goes on to consider the question of whether these principles have legal status in the sense that they create legally enforceable rights and duties. Finally, it considers broader questions of environmental justice and the role of different types of rights in environmental protection.

Vernigor. Impact of Tailing Dumps on the Environment of the Mining Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
V.I. Golik ◽  
Yu.V. Dmytrak ◽  
V.S. Sergeev ◽  
V.V. Vernigor
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Mining Region ◽  
Tailing Dumps ◽  
State Of The Environment

Indicators of pollution in the area of tailing dumps allow us to qualify the environmental situation in them as an emergency. Environmental assessment of the role of tailing dumps allows realizing the costs for ensuring the safe interaction of the facility with the environment. Between the state of the environment of the mining region and the possibilities of technologies for the recovery of mining waste, there are legal links that need to be considered when developing a mechanism for their regulation.

scholarly journals 25 YEARS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE: RESULTS AND FURTHER PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
O. Martselyak
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
System Improvement ◽  
Law Making

The purpose of the article is to analyse the role of the Constitution of Ukraine in the state-building and law-making processes and to study the problem of necessity and directions of its improvement. The methodological basis of the work is a set of general and special scientific methods. It is based on the philosophical method of dialectics. Methods of recognition such as logic-semantic, system-structural, formal-legal, comparative-legal and other methods of recognition of processes and phenomena are used for the purpose of work. The article emphasizes that the adoption of the Constitution of Ukraine in 1996 marked an important stage of the national state building, which legally defined the transformational transition of Ukraine from totalitarianism to democracy. It is noted that the Constitution of Ukraine, as a legal act of supreme legal force, has been the legal basis for the formation of Ukraine as a democratic, legal and social state and has become a political and legal document of a programme character, which directed Ukrainian society and public authorities to appropriate democratic reforms in the field of the state-building and law-making processes. It is noted that a number of political, social, economic and legal factors put on the agenda the issue of constitutional reform in our country, which should aim at achieving the European level of socio-economic development, modernization of the existing governance system, improvement of public authority and the legal status of citizens.

scholarly journals URBAN-CENTRIC VIEW ON ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT OF THE WELFARE OF THE STATE

2017 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Viktor Koziuk ◽  
Yuriy Hayda ◽  
Oksana Shymanska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The Welfare State

Introduction. The global trend of urban concentration and the agglomeration effects of production, consumption, capital movements, asset accumulation, and innovation generate the issue of how environmentalism and urbanization correlate. The gradient increase of the technogenic press on the environment from small settlements to large cities causes the shift of research focus from the analysis of the ecological component of the welfare of the state to the environmental component of the welfare of cities. Purpose. The basic hypothesis of the article is the presence of a connection (not always direct linear) between the level of welfare of cities and indicators of the environmental situation in them. It is assumed that the level of well-being (including environmental comfort) has a significant influence on both policy factor and certain non-economic factors of higher demand for environmental standards of life. Also, the purpose of the study is to identify the links between indicators that can be used in modeling the environmental indicator of the welfare state both at the national and local levels. Method Data from the Institute for Strategic Development of the Mori Foundation (Japan) for ranking the largest cities in the world according to the Global Power City Index (GPCI) is used as the information content of the research. The study has used a set of methods for statistical analysis, namely correlation, regression and dispersion ones. Results. The comparison of the ranks of the studied cities by the criterion of the state of the environment and for the GPCI generally indicates a moderate correlation between them (Spirman correlation coefficient rS = 0.440, with rst = 0.396 for p <0.01). This underlines the very important role of the environment of cities in the manifestation of their global "magnetism". The environmental factor, which plays the role of attractiveness of the city, is particularly important from the position of increasing global competition for attracting talent, as well as global aging of the population and reducing the proportion of the productive age population. The assumption that life attractiveness can be significantly conditioned by the environmental factor has been confirmed by the correlation results (Pearson correlation coefficient between the state of the environment and the attractiveness for life in world metropolises r = 0.463, p <0.01) and regression of linear single- and multivariate analysis. It is established that there is no significant linear dependence that between indicators of the environment of cities and their level of economic development. At the same time, a nonlinear regression analysis made it possible to construct several adequate nonlinear models in which the variable, which characterizes the development of the city's economic sector in a complex manner, serves as an independent variable, and a generalized indicator of the state of the environment as a dependent one. The constructed metropolitan matrix of the "economic development-ecology" ratio illustrates that, despite the importance of the urban economic development factor, it is possible to break the "enchanted circle" of poverty and bad ecology, or in other words the inability to generate demand and supply for environmental benefits, on one hand, and realize the environmental preferences of households, on other hand. The shift towards agglomerative concentration of the population and employment is a confirmation of the demand for the expansion of the taxonomy of the welfare state at the expense of an indicator of its ecological state.

scholarly journals Non-Profit Organizations as Subjects of Administrative Law

Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
P. E. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Capacity ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

The article considers the role of non-profit organizations in the system of public administration and focuses on the peculiarities of their administrative and legal status. The author highlights an increasing role of nonprofit organizations in the system of public administration, as it is connected with the evolution of the mechanism of public administration, its decentralization and attempts to use the mechanisms of self-organization. Due to the possibility of delegation of a number of public powers by the state to non-profit organizations, it is concluded that the composition of the participants with powers in the system of public administration has changed. By involving non-profit organizations in the system of public administration, the State pursues the goal of reducing the “visible” role of the State in various spheres of economy and a political sphere. Due to the transfer of certain public powers of the State to non-profit organizations, such organizations will combine different aspects of the legal nature of the organizations, in particular the intertwined civil law status and the administrative law status, since the same normative legal acts are used without taking into account the peculiarities of legal relations in which the relevant types of non-profit organizations participate. The difference between the legal status, the legal status of a non-profit organization as a participant of administrative legal relations and a non-profit organization as a participant of civil law relations is that in civil law a non-profit organization is considered as an organizational and legal form of a legal entity — a participant of transactions and relations regulated by civil law; under administrative law and in administrative-procedural relations it is treated as a form of implementation of public rights of citizens in the sphere of public administration, certain public powers of the State in the sphere of public administration. Attention is drawn to the duality of the legal status of non-profit organizations, that is associated, among other things, with different moments of their legal personality. The moment of emergence of capacity under administrative law and legal capacity differs from the similar moment of emergence capacity under civil law and legal capacity.

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