scholarly journals URBAN-CENTRIC VIEW ON ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT OF THE WELFARE OF THE STATE

2017 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Viktor Koziuk ◽  
Yuriy Hayda ◽  
Oksana Shymanska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The Welfare State

Introduction. The global trend of urban concentration and the agglomeration effects of production, consumption, capital movements, asset accumulation, and innovation generate the issue of how environmentalism and urbanization correlate. The gradient increase of the technogenic press on the environment from small settlements to large cities causes the shift of research focus from the analysis of the ecological component of the welfare of the state to the environmental component of the welfare of cities. Purpose. The basic hypothesis of the article is the presence of a connection (not always direct linear) between the level of welfare of cities and indicators of the environmental situation in them. It is assumed that the level of well-being (including environmental comfort) has a significant influence on both policy factor and certain non-economic factors of higher demand for environmental standards of life. Also, the purpose of the study is to identify the links between indicators that can be used in modeling the environmental indicator of the welfare state both at the national and local levels. Method Data from the Institute for Strategic Development of the Mori Foundation (Japan) for ranking the largest cities in the world according to the Global Power City Index (GPCI) is used as the information content of the research. The study has used a set of methods for statistical analysis, namely correlation, regression and dispersion ones. Results. The comparison of the ranks of the studied cities by the criterion of the state of the environment and for the GPCI generally indicates a moderate correlation between them (Spirman correlation coefficient rS = 0.440, with rst = 0.396 for p <0.01). This underlines the very important role of the environment of cities in the manifestation of their global "magnetism". The environmental factor, which plays the role of attractiveness of the city, is particularly important from the position of increasing global competition for attracting talent, as well as global aging of the population and reducing the proportion of the productive age population. The assumption that life attractiveness can be significantly conditioned by the environmental factor has been confirmed by the correlation results (Pearson correlation coefficient between the state of the environment and the attractiveness for life in world metropolises r = 0.463, p <0.01) and regression of linear single- and multivariate analysis. It is established that there is no significant linear dependence that between indicators of the environment of cities and their level of economic development. At the same time, a nonlinear regression analysis made it possible to construct several adequate nonlinear models in which the variable, which characterizes the development of the city's economic sector in a complex manner, serves as an independent variable, and a generalized indicator of the state of the environment as a dependent one. The constructed metropolitan matrix of the "economic development-ecology" ratio illustrates that, despite the importance of the urban economic development factor, it is possible to break the "enchanted circle" of poverty and bad ecology, or in other words the inability to generate demand and supply for environmental benefits, on one hand, and realize the environmental preferences of households, on other hand. The shift towards agglomerative concentration of the population and employment is a confirmation of the demand for the expansion of the taxonomy of the welfare state at the expense of an indicator of its ecological state.

Nouveaux principes de référence et différenciation des arbitrages politiques : le cas des politiques à l'égard des sans-emploi

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Boismenu ◽  
Pascale Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Reference Et ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractThis article underlines three principles of reference that renew discourse on and comprehension of the role of the state in social protection towards unemployed people. At a certain level of abstraction, those principles of reference are present in many countries. They lead to label and to understand situations in different terms of which we were familiar during the Welfare State apogee. At the same time, they permit and open up to various political orientations and mechanisms of implementation. This dualism is emphasized. Four countries are referenced for this discussion: Canada, France, Germany and Sweden. The study considers the way in which problems are stated in their principles and the implementation of programmes. Policies and programmes implemented reveal logics of intervention which suggest different ways to consider the articulation between the « integrated area » and the « excluded area » of the society.

scholarly journals اسلامی فلاحی مملکت میں انتظامی عہدے داروں کی تقرری کا معیار(تحقیقی مطالعہ)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 181-196
Author(s):  
Shafqat Ur Rahman ◽  
Malik Farrukh Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Given ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Welfare State

A Welfare state refers to the concept of a state in which a state takes responsibility for the protection of all citizens and their well-being. A welfare state recognizes the security of its citizens as a priority and takes solid steps for it. In the olden days, the states were limited to the interests of the rulers; gradually there were born enlightened human beings who introduced new ideas to the state which improved human life. A new concept was introduced in the state system called the welfare state. For a welfare state, as far as the individuals are important to control all the systems in a state, in which the rules and regulations/principles also have far rich importance in any state. So, the selection of proper/eligible individuals for such a regulatory welfare state is necessary. If any state set aside the basic eligibility criteria while appointing any responsible administrative slot then it will cause the destruction of that state gradually as well society at the end. On the other hand, if any welfare state would strictly follow the eligibility criteria for the given administrative slot and appoint the individuals purely on merit and ability, then it will result in constructive and positive change in that welfare state which boost up the society towards prosperity peace and progress for the sake of humanity.In this manuscript, we tried our best to mention and focus on some qualitative levels/points which must be compulsory while appointing any administrative/key post in any Islamic welfare state to make it prosperous and progressive, keeping in view the interpretation purely from Quran and Sunnah.

scholarly journals Welfare Theories in Family Politics

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Katalin Kristó
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Family Politics ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
The Welfare State

The welfare state is one of the most frequently used social scence terms that causes arguments or political discussions. The role of the state in the development of its social role has changed through time, and parallel with this, the term welfare state has changed too, as well as theories regarding the welfare state. In this study, the author’s main goal is to summarise the different theories of the welfare state. Following this, a special approach will be shown in terms of the categorization of the welfare state to show its role in a special welfare: i.e. in what ways does it supports families. This view has not received much attention in detail in the literature so far.

Private Giving in the Welfare State

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Obler
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Giving ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Individual Giving ◽  
Private Individual ◽  
The Welfare State

If the welfare state embodies a collective obligation to give to those in need, it also attests to the failure of individual, private giving, which from the advent of industrialization has been far too modest and capricious to care adequately for the sick and indigent. Private, individual giving simply cannot compete with state help when it comes to guaranteeing people's welfare. But its failure to do a job better handled by the state does not mean that private giving is an irrelevant anachronism. Even the welfare state's most ardent supporters should appreciate its value. Private giving has intrinsic worth. It reveals how humane society is. Giving and helping palpably enrich public life, although, unlike high per capita income or low crime rates, they elude statistical composites of collective well-being. Private giving also has instrumental value. In so many ways – ranging from assisting an old lady off a bus to saving a drowning stranger – people can help each other when the state may be helpless. Privately-given funds, time, attention and ideas can supplement what the state offers; limited state resources inevitably leave some people with less than they need, and the gaps in state aid can be filled, at least in part, by private efforts.

scholarly journals Negara Kesejahteraan dan Maqasid Syariah: Analisis Pemikiran Jamaluddin Athiyyah

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Syamsuri Syamsuri ◽  
Dadang Irsyamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

The discourse about the Welfare State is interesting. This article aims to conduct in-depth analysis related to the concept of the welfare state and its relation to maqasid sharia according to Jamaluddin Athiyyah. The method used in this study is qualitative with a literature approach, namely conducting a study of the literature surrounding the welfare state and the Maqasid sharia. The conclusion of this study is that Athiyyah provides an overview of the division of tasks of the government in ensuring the welfare of its people into four dimensions, namely: individuals, families, society and humanity. Furthermore it was stated that the three basic principles of maqasid sharia to create prosperity would not be fulfilled but rather with the active role of the State.

Effectiveness of Tax Policy of Ukraine: Evidence and Economy Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Olena P. Slavkova ◽  
Oksana I Zhilinska ◽  
Maksym Palienko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Tax ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Tax Payments

The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of tax policy in the country. The analysis of change of tax receipts to the state and local budgets is carried out. The role of tax payments in the economic development of the country is determined. The efficiency of the state tax policy in Ukraine is analyzed, its advantages and disadvantages are determined. The important role of tax payments in stimulating economic and social development is substantiated. The analysis of the elasticity of change of indicators of economic development of the country from the change of volume of tax receipts to the budget is carried out. The necessity of improving the existing policy of establishing, accrual, payment, and distribution of tax revenues as one of the most promising areas to stimulate economic growth is concluded. Keywords: tax policy, revenues, tax evasion, state budget, elasticity, economic development

In Need

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordanna Bailkin
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
The State ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter asks how refugee camps transformed people as well as spaces, altering the identities of the individuals and communities who lived in and near them. It considers how camps forged and fractured economic, religious, and ethnic identities, constructing different kinds of unity and disunity. Camps had unpredictable effects on how refugees and Britons thought of themselves, and how they saw their relationship to upward and downward mobility. As the impoverished Briton emerged more clearly in the imagination of the welfare state, the refugee was his constant companion and critic. The state struggled to determine whether refugees required the same care as the poor, or if they warranted their own structures of aid.

Perception and Reality—Economic Inequality as a Driver of Populism?

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hüther ◽  
Matthias Diermeier
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Future ◽  
General Criticism ◽  
The Welfare State

Abstract Can the rise of populism be explained by the growing chasm between rich and poor? With regard to Germany, such a causal relationship must be rejected. Income distribution in Germany has been very stable since 2005, and people’s knowledge on actual inequality and economic development is limited: inequality and unemployment are massively overestimated. At the same time, a persistently isolationist and xenophobic group with diverse concerns and preferences has emerged within the middle classes of society that riggers support for populist parties. This mood is based on welfare chauvinism against immigration rather than on a general criticism of distribution. Since the immigration of recent years will inevitably affect the relevant indicators concerning distribution, an open, cautious but less heated approach is needed in the debate on the future of the welfare state. In order to address and take the local concerns of citizens seriously, an increased exchange with public officials on the ground is needed.

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