Phase-Contrast-Cine MRI: a non-invasive qualitative approach to the study of various diseases of the Central Nervous System

The introduction of velocity-sensitive sequences, such as those based on the phase-contrast technique, has recently established a lure for the evaluation of the dynamics of CSF in MRI because it is the only non-invasive method for the study of the CSF flow. These sequences add to the classic anatomical study of brain, a qualitative functional analysis of his cerebrospinal fluid system studied with sequences acquired in the sagittal plane, maintaining high spatial and temporal resolution despite the small size of the analyzed section and the low speed of the circulating liquor. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the importance of using amplitude and phase (Phase Contrast) images in Cine-RM, in healthy subjects and in patients with intra-cranial and cervical district diseases.

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Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamic changes in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension using phase contrast cine MR imaging

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1186/s41983-020-00227-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tamer Belal ◽

Abd-Elhalim Al Tantawy ◽

Fatema Mohamed Sherif ◽

Alshaimaa Ramadan

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Medical Treatment ◽

Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Cine Mri ◽

Mean Flow ◽

Csf Flow ◽

Flow Dynamic ◽

Dynamic Changes

Abstract Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) mainly affects overweight women in the middle age period. The pathophysiology of IIH stays unclear, but suggested mechanisms include excess CSF production, reduced CSF absorption, increased brain water content, and increased cerebral venous pressure Objectives To assess the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamic changes in aqueduct of Sylvius in patients of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) with new MRI technique: phase contrast cine MRI (PCC-MRI). Methods Thirty patients diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension were divided into 3 groups according to treatment options (no treatment, medical treatment, and medical treatment with repeated lumbar tapping). CSF flow data were evaluated by phase contrast cine MRI. Results PCC-MRI parameters were significantly higher in group who was on medical treatment (group II) than other groups. The sensitivity of PCC MRI parameters ranged from 56.7 (stroke volume (SV) and mean flow (MF)) to 83.3% (peak systolic velocity (PSV)). A statistically significant difference was found for the mean flow value (p 0.039) between the control group and IIH patients. Conclusion The most specific CSF flowmetry parameter detected to help diagnosis of IIH is mean flow especially among early discovered patients. PCC MRI can be used as non-invasive technique for diagnosis of IIH and treatment follow-up.

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MR CSF Flow Examination as a Non-Invasive Method of Determining Shunt-Independent Hydrocephalus in Children with Implanted Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

The Neuroradiology Journal ◽

10.1177/197140090802100210 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 212-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Szafirska ◽

A. Urbanik ◽

I. Herman-Sucharska ◽

S. Kwiatkowski ◽

A. Swierczyna

Keyword(s):

Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽

Csf Flow ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Invasive Method

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Analysis of Intracranial CSF Flow Dynamics in Phase-Contrast Cine MRI

Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology ◽

10.6009/jjrt.kj00001354933 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 52 (9) ◽

pp. 1191

Author(s):

Harumasa Kasai ◽

Toshiaki Miyati ◽

Tatsuo Banno ◽

Kazuya Ohashi ◽

Takahiro Sakurai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Contrast ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Cine Mri ◽

Csf Flow

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Phase contrast and cardiac cine MRI for non-invasive assessment of hepatic haemodynamic and cardiac systolic function in a rodent model of chronic liver disease

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(16)00414-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 387 ◽

pp. S27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manil Chouhan ◽

Alan Bainbridge ◽

Nathan Davies ◽

Simon Walker-Samuel ◽

Mark Lythgoe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Systolic Function ◽

Rodent Model ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Cine Mri ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Cardiac Cine ◽

Cardiac Systolic Function

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An ultrasonographic evaluation of solitary muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3571 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 257-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P Sharma ◽

S Neupane ◽

M Shrestha ◽

R Dwivedi ◽

K Paudel

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Striated Muscle ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

College Teaching ◽

Medical College ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Cysticercus Cellulosae ◽

Invasive Method ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Inflammatory Changes

Background: Cysticercosis in humans is infection with the larval form (cysticercus cellulosae) of the pork tapeworm T. solium. Encystment of larvae can occur in almost any tissue. The location of cysts in order of frequency is the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissue and striated muscle, vitreous humour of the eye and, rarely, other tissues. High resolution ultrasound can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ultrasonographic findings in cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Materials and methods: It was a retrospective review of the cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis which were diagnosed by ultrasound during June 2007 to May 2009 in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital. A total of six patients were evaluated. Result: There were four males and two females. Age of the patient ranged from 18 to 50 years. All of the patients presented with a swelling with pain in five of them. There was a wide variation in the location of the cysts. In all cases ultrasound revealed a cystic lesion with an echogenic eccentric pedunculated nodule attached to the wall. The mean diameter of the cyst was 6mm. Smooth wall was present in five cases whereas one of the cysts revealed irregular wall. Pericystic inflammatory changes were seen in the adjacent muscles. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a safe and non-invasive method that can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Key words: Muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis; ultrasound. DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3571 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 257-260

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Effect of Compensatory Mechanisms on Postural Disturbances and Musculoskeletal Pain in Elite Sitting Volleyball Players: Preparation of a Compensatory Intervention

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph181910105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 10105

Author(s):

Eliza Gaweł ◽

Anna Zwierzchowska

Keyword(s):

Back Pain ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Spinal Curvature ◽

Systematic Observation ◽

Compensatory Mechanisms ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Invasive Method ◽

Lumbar Hyperlordosis

The aim of the study was to identify the effect of compensatory mechanisms on the prevalence of sagittal spinal curvature deformity and musculoskeletal pain and to assess the interrelationships between those components in sitting volleyball players. Twenty-one elite Polish sitting volleyball players (age = 34.1 ± 7.5, BM = 77.9 ± 16.0) participated in the study in which direct participatory systematic observation and a non-invasive method were used. Both objective (anthropometric, spinal curvature–Idiag M360) and subjective (musculoskeletal ailments–NMQ = 7) measurements were performed. The Statistica 13.3 software package was used for statistical analyses. The neck, lower back (43%), and upper back (38%) were the most frequently reported painful areas. Of all participants, 76% reported sagittal spinal deformities. In the habitual position, the results indicated moderate correlations (r = 0.5, p < 0.05) between the lumbar concavity of the back and low back pain (LBP) and between thoracic convexity and LBP (r = 0.4, p < 0.05). Internal and external compensation have an effect on the prevalence of spinal curvature deformities in the sagittal plane, with thoracic hyperkyphosis (38%) and lumbar hyperlordosis (33%) being the most common. More severe lower and upper back pain were correlated with greater angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in the habitual position.

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Influence of the Area of the Aqueduct on Quantification of Stroke Volume and Max Velocity in Healthy Volunteers Using Phase Contrast Cine MRI

10.21203/rs.3.rs-334057/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

hongri zhang ◽

Weike Duan ◽

Xiaopan Li ◽

Yixin Wang ◽

Xinyu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stroke Volume ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Cardiac Cycle ◽

Cine Mri ◽

Cerebral Aqueduct ◽

Csf Flow ◽

Flow Parameters ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: The relationship of the area of the aqueduct on quantification of the aqueductal stroke volume (SV) and max velocity need further investigation. Our aim was to assess the inﬂuence of the area of the aqueduct on quantification of the aqueductal SV and max velocity measured with phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) within the cerebral aqueduct at the level of the intercollicular sulcus.Materials and Methods: Nine healthy volunteers (mean age 29.6 yrs) were enrolled in the study and brain MRIs were performed on a 3.0T system. Quantitative analysis of aqueductal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow was performed using manual regions of interest (ROI) placement. ROIs were separately drawn for each of 12 phases of the cardiac cycle, and changes in aqueduct size during the cardiac cycle were determined. Stroke volumes were calculated uses the first and ninth aqueductal ROIs and compared to each other. Max velocities at the 12 phases were also collected, and the relationship between the area and max velocity and the impact on SV were analyzed.Results: There was variation in the size of the aqueduct during the cardiac cycle, the first area（S1）was larger than the ninth（S9）. The first max velocity（Vmax1）was less than the ninth（Vmax9）. Additionally, there was a significant different between the stroke volume calculated using the first aqueductal ROI (SV1) and the ninth（SV9）. Conclusions: There is variation in the size of the cerebral aqueduct which is used to calculate stroke volume and other CSF flow parameters during the cardiac cycle. The maximum velocity may be inversely proportional to the area of the aqueduct. In order to establish reliable reference values for CSF flow parameters in future studies, a variable ROI, to account for cardiac cycle variation, should be considered and incorporated.

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A Non-invasive Method of Cerebrospinal fluid collection from rats for assessing the Cerebrospinal fluid drug content

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00707 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4085-4086

Author(s):

Atulya. M. ◽

Angel Alex ◽

Jesil Mathew. A

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Fluid Collection ◽

Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽

Fluid Sample ◽

Cisterna Magna ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Sophisticated Equipment ◽

Butterfly Needle ◽

Invasive Method ◽

The Central Nervous System

The drug discovery and pharmacokinetic studies of drugs of the central nervous system depend on the successful collection of cerebrospinal fluid from lab animal models. Many a time, the treatment regime and management of diseases depends on the penetration and distribution of medicaments across the blood-brain barrier and for which a non-contaminated cerebrospinal fluid sample is essential. The present study was to simplify the cerebrospinal fluid collection from cisterna magna of rat, maximizing the quantity and minimizing the contamination. The rat is anaesthetized with Xylazine Ketamine combination intravenously and was kept on an inverted polypropylene tray with its head down at 45° angle. A depressible surface which look like a rhomb between occipital protuberances and the spine of the atlas becomes noticeable. A butterfly needle attached to a syringe was introduced into the cisterna magna, and cerebrospinal fluid is aspirated. The method is non-invasive and doesn’t require any sophisticated equipment and lessens the chance of contamination of the sample with blood. The technique is also less time consuming and easy to perform.

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Noninvasive evaluation of intracranial hypertension? Is there a gold standard?

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia Brazilian Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1625742 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 31 (04) ◽

pp. 224-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leonardo Christian Welling ◽

Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo ◽

Fábio Santana Machado ◽

Almir Ferreira Andrade ◽

Vinicius Monteiro Guirado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optic Nerve ◽

Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Ct Scanning ◽

Noninvasive Evaluation ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Invasive Method ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Brain

AbstractComputed tomography is essential in head injuried patients for the detection of structural damage to the brain. However, the ability of CT scanning to predict the presence or absence of intracranial hypertension has been debated in the literature. Since the optic nerve is part of the central nervous system and in case of raised pressure in the cerebrospinal fluid its sheath inflates. Based in this hypothesis the authors reviewed the role of the optic nerve sheat diameter in diagnosis intracranial hypertension after traumatic brain injury. This non-invasive method is useful to predict the risk of intracranial hypertension and select patients to ICP monitoring, especially in those with normal CT scans.

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