scholarly journals FUNERAL MATERIALISM AND THE EXOGENEOUS CHANGE AMONG THE URHOBO PEOPLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Agbamu, Etakpobunor Mercy
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Recent Time ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Social Clubs ◽  
Change Factors ◽  
Marital Problem ◽  
High Crime ◽  
High Crime Rate

This paper aimed at examining the financial involvement and exogenous changes associated with funeral ceremonies among the Urhobo people in recent time. It argues that over a period of time, from the era of colonialism in Nigeria, social change factors and processes such as urbanization, modernization and globalization have introduced continuous changes in the Nigerian culture of which the Urhobo culture as regards to funeral ceremony have greatly been affected. This paper observed that, due to response to new technology, innovative ideas and evolving values from home and abroad, special traditional passage rite for the dead have given way to mega parties for celebrations and show of affluence to friends and social clubs members. It is now difficult to see the tears of children and family members at interment venue rather, they are more concerned about entertaining their friends and associates in reception venues. Some problems generated by this modern trend are highlighted by this write up as; financial crises, stress and ill health, marital problem/divorce, drunkenness and high crime rate among others. This paper therefore concludes that this trend is posing serious threat to the unity, economic growth and development of the Urhobo Nation. It recommends among others, that Urhobo People should be re-socialized properly to imbibe the traditions and values of their culture.

scholarly journals Implementasi Fuzzy Inference System Untuk Menentukan Tingkat Kriminalitas Di Kota Batam

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-221
Author(s):  
Sesri Novia Rizki ◽  
Handra Tipa
Keyword(s):  
Crime Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Fuzzy Process ◽  
Job Vacancy ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
High Crime ◽  
The City ◽  
High Crime Rate

Kriminalitas merupakan sebuah perbuatan meyimpang serta merugikan banyak orang.Pada tahun 2017 perekonomian Kota Batam menurun, sehigga banyak perusahaan yang tutup dan menyebabkan tingkat pengangguran meningkat.Kejahatan yang marak terjadi saat ini seperti pembegalan, pencopetan, Penipuan, dan penjampretan tanpa belas kasihan bahkan menyebabkan korban meninggal dunia.Contoh  kejahatan yang sering terjadi berupa pembegalan dan penjamretan  pada daerah tamiang, banyak  korban yang berjatuhan, pelaku Tidak segan melukai bahkan menghilangkan nyawa korbannya. Faktor utama penyebab  kriminalitas seperti tingkat kesenjangan social, pendidikan, pendidikan, pergaulan,  PengangguranLowongan Pekerjaan serta pendidikan sehingga banyak hal yang membuat tingkat kriminalitas yang tinggi di kota Batam. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat kriminalitas di kota Batam, serta sabagai pembelajaran bagi penduduk batam sehingga terhindar dari kejahatan. Metode yang digunakan menggunakansystem max-mix atau logika sugeno, langkah kerja metode fuzzy ada empat, yang pertama pembentukan himpunan fuzzy, yang kedua aplikasi fungsi implikasi yang ketiga komposisi aturan dan yang keempat adalah defuzzifikasi.Fokus penelitian ini berupa 1.Menentukan Tingkat kriminalitas 2.Penyebab  kriminalitas 3.Menggunakan metode sugeno dan aplikasi matlab untuk menyelesaikan hasil penelitian. Penelitian ini menghasilkan system mendukung keputusan berupa hasil akhir sebesar 0.72 berada pada posisi Output dengan nilai keputusan tingkat kriminalitas tinggi di Kota Batam.                                                               AbstractCrime is an act that deviates and harms many people. In 2017 the economy of Batam City declined so that many companies closed and caused the unemployment rate to increase. Crimes are rife at this time, such as hijacking, pickpocketing, fraud, and mugging without mercy, even causing death. Examples of crimes that often occur in the form of kidnapping and mugging in the Tamiang area, many victims have fallen, the perpetrators do not hesitate to hurt or even kill the lives of their victims. The main factors were causing crime such as the level of social inequality, education, relationships, Job Vacancy Unemployment and education so that many things that make a high crime rate in the city of Batam. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of crime in the city of Batam, as well as learning for residents of Batam, is avoid way. The method used uses the max-mix system or Sugeno logic, there are four steps in the fuzzy process, the first is the formation of the fuzzy set, the second is the application of the implication function, the third is the composition of the rules, and the fourth is defuzzification. The scope of this research is 1.  They are using the level of crime 2. Cause of crime 3. They are using the Sugeno method and the application of Matlab to complete the research results. This research results offence ina system was supporting the decision in the form of the final They are determining of 0.72 is in the Output position with a high crime rate decision value in Batam City.  

Organisational Change and Acceptance

2012 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Marilyn Wells
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Organisational Change ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Change Environment ◽  
Change Acceptance ◽  
Change Factors ◽  
Acceptance Model

This chapter reports on the development of the technology acceptance model from 1986 when Davis investigated technology acceptance from an individual’s view as to the ease of use and perceived usefulness of a system. Since then, many variations have been presented in attempts to explain how and what influences a computer system user’s uptake of new technology within an organisation. Whilst all variations were developed explicitly to predict users’ acceptance or rejection of new technology, these variations are in essence predictors of acceptance or rejection of change. Factors such as the organisational change environment and informal communication (rumours), together with social influence as exercised by colleagues should be considered major contributors to the perceptions of new technology and therefore acceptance. This chapter extends the original model to include the variations and proposes that rather than look at technology acceptance in isolation, acceptance of new technology should be viewed as acceptance of change. The author proposes the model Social Influence and Change Acceptance (SICAM) to reflect the inclusion of TAM’s variations in an organizational change context.

scholarly journals Nonmonetary Benefits, Quality of Life, and Executive Compensation

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Deng ◽  
Huasheng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Nonmonetary Benefits ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
High Crime Rate

AbstractWe examine the effects of nonmonetary benefits on overall executive compensation from the perspective of the living environment at the firm headquarters. Companies in polluted, high crime rate, or otherwise unpleasant locations pay higher compensation to their chief executive officers (CEOs) than companies located in more livable locations. This premium in pay for quality of life is stronger when firms face tougher competition in the managerial labor market, when the CEO is hired from outside, and when the CEO has short-term career concerns. Overall, the geographic desirability of the corporate headquarters is an effective substitute for CEO monetary pay.

scholarly journals Deciphering Dangerousness: A Critical Analysis of Section 286A and B of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Windell Nortje ◽  
Abraham Hamman ◽  
Chesne Albertus
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Crime Rate ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Crime ◽  
High Crime Rate

The violent nature of some crimes and the high crime rate in South Africa reflect the fact that some offenders constitute a real threat to the security of communities. It is understandable, therefore, that the state seeks to protect its citizens through preventive measures. Although South Africa has certain legal provisions on its statutory books, it seems that the declaration of persons as dangerous criminals is under-utilised. South African legislation dealing with the declaration of dangerous criminals can be improved by borrowing some traits of the Canadian legislation. Such features include the restriction of courts' discretion and the provision of concrete and more detailed guidelines on the nature of the offences for which the provision can be applied. The courts could also take into account the type of criminal history of the offender which would merit the declaration of a dangerous criminal. It is also important that the extent of the violence in an offence should be thoroughly defined in court. Courts need to balance their wide discretion on the matter with the provisions in the Act in order to protect the community against dangerous criminals.

scholarly journals PROVISIONS ON DEATH CRIMINAL THREATS IN NARCOTIC LAW IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Faissal Malik
Keyword(s):  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Death Row Inmates ◽  
National Life ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
High Crime Rate

The threat of capital punishment is seen as an appropriate type of crime threatened against narcotics offenders with the qualifications of producers and dealers, because narcotics is a serious crime and the nature of the offenders who have a network to produce and circulate narcotics for business or economic purposes only so that their actions can cause great danger or have a profound effect on human life and national life in the political, economic, social, cultural and national defense sectors. In the end the deterrent effect with a very severe sentence, including the threat of capital punishment, became the target to achieve the goal of enacting Law Number 35 Year 2009 on Narcotics in addition to providing narcotics for health needs and scientific development, also intended to reduce the quantity of perpetrators of abuse and circulation dark narcotics. Although it is realized that with the enactment of this law, the number of drug abuse and distribution by the perpetrators does not deter and can educate producers and distributors of the sentences not proportional to their actions compared to the consequences suffered by victims. In other words, the target of the regulation of death penalty in this law is not only for death row inmates, but also for potential perpetrators who have not yet been sentenced to death. Therefore, the threat of capital punishment aims to suppress the high crime rate, which in the end the community becomes orderly, peaceful and safe. Keywords: narcotics, capital punishment, punishment

The Networked Global Order

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-186
Author(s):  
David Martin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Nation State ◽  
End Of History ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Media

Economic redistribution, and social equality required an interconnected, regional and global trading order. After 1989, it was easy to believe that a liberal democratic model, supported by US-sponsored international rules, would spread across the globe. However, over two decades, unmoveable progressive values proved internally and externally unsustainable. After 2008, the US subprime and Eurozone financial crises eroded the economic preconditions supporting these values and undermined the already fragile relationship between the nation state, the market, the media, and a cosmopolitan faith in a liberal democratic end of history. Ironically, liberal progressive values, committed to the idea that all social ills were amenable to technocratic remedy and that the state was a suitable instrument for making such change, rationally engineered inegalitarian outcomes. This chapter examines how the financial crisis destroyed the meliorist assumption linking capitalism, globalization, and democracy rendering the pursuit of universal emancipation and social justice increasingly redundant. One consequence of this evolution was an artificial intelligence and new technology driven intangible economic order. The new economy incubated a paranoid populist style of identity politics that emerged after 2016. Instead of convergence, the new intangible capitalist structure erected a burgeoning divide between a cosmopolitan elite and a disenfranchised, nation based, precariat class.

scholarly journals Full range of measures of the system of legal support and surveillance activities aimed at ensuring economic security of entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 13020
Author(s):  
Peter Ivanov ◽  
Anatoliy Kustov ◽  
Elwira Nadyseva
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Business Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Statutory Regulation ◽  
High Crime Rate

Business area is an integral part of state’s economy. An entrepreneur, who undertakes their activities legally, participates in the development of a material product, significantly contributes to the improvement of people’s purchasing power and pays taxes to the state budget. In this regard, the government must protect entrepreneurial activities, create favorable conditions to attract citizens into this economy sector. Today business area is associated with a set of actual risks and threats, which include market monopolization, criminalization of a number of economy sectors and parties of business activities, administrative burdens, fraudulent actions taken by certain employees of commercial entities, drawbacks in statutory regulation. Current demand for the optimization of entrepreneurship proves the relevance of elaborating a full range of measures associated with a system of legal support and surveillance activities and aimed at ensuring economic security of this area. Today such a system is particularly demanded due to high crime rate and several other factors taking place in the field of entrepreneurship.

The Indian Approach to Criminal Justice: The Role of Traditional Courts as Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Rautenbach ◽  
Navilla Somaru
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crime Rate ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
High Crime ◽  
High Crime Rate

South Africa and India both struggle with a high crime rate and case backlogs in the mainstream courts. Both countries have a pluralistic system where state law consists of formal law and customary law. Both have mainstream and traditional courts following dispute resolution based on traditional values and principles. The panchayat system in India is comparable to traditional authorities in South Africa. The panchayat system performs judicial-like functions, and traditional courts operate at informal (nyaya panchayat) and formal (gram nyayalayas) levels in the rural areas. The lok adalat system is an alternative dispute resolution mechanism employed by the Indian government to address the high crime rate and court backlogs. Statistics reveal that these alternative justice mechanisms based on traditional values and principles have successfully cleared some backlogs. South Africa is in the process of adopting legislation on traditional courts, and it is envisaged that the Traditional Courts Bill [B1-2017] will soon be transformed into law. In reconsidering traditional courts’ role in the South African criminal justice system, it is worthwhile to explore what the Indian government has been doing in this regard. The main aim is to analyse the Indian approach to criminal justice regarding dispute resolution examples based on traditional laws, namely the panchayat system (nyaya panchayats and gram nyayalayas) and also lok adalats in a comparative context.

CROWDING AND BEHAVIOR IN JAPANESE PUBLIC SPACES: SOME OBSERVATIONS AND SPECULATIONS

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
The Third ◽  
Crowding Stress ◽  
High Crime ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
High Crime Rate

First, the connotations in Japan of crowded situations were discussed. In the second section, some personal characteristics of those who might experience crowding, and of partners who might share a space with the former, were discussed as determinants of individual differences in the experience of crowding. In the third section, it was suggested that high collectivism, a non-contact culture, and high population density combined with a high crime rate might encourage the experience of crowding in public or semi-public spaces. In the last section, various structural or physical devices widely observed in Japan, which were assumed to be effective in inhibiting the experience of crowding or reducing crowding stress by maintaining isolation, were discussed.

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