THYROID PROFILE IN CHILDREN WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Meiyappan Kavitha ◽  
Mallaiyan Manonmani
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Renal Disorder

Objectives: Nephrotic syndrome is a common renal disorder seen in children, with proteinuria as the hallmark. Growth retardation is a known feature of nephrotic syndrome, either due to the disease or treatment with steroids. Thyroid hormone strongly inuences growth of the body. So, the present study was undertaken with the objective to assess the thyroid prole in children with nephrotic syndrome Methods: The study involved 41 cases of nephrotic syndrome and 41 age and sex matched controls. Serum total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were assessed in these subjects. The thyroid hormones were correlated with urinary protein creatinine ratio. The cases were followed up after one month and the levels of thyroid hormones were reassessed. Results: Total T3, total T4, free T3 and free T4 are signicantly decreased and TSH signicantly increased among cases when compared to controls. TSH is positively correlating with urinary protein creatinine ratio in cases. After one month of treatment, total T3 and total T4 are signicantly increased in cases. Conclusions: The thyroid hormone levels are altered in children with nephrotic syndrome during the episode. A state of subclinical hypothyroidism exists during the nephrotic stage. The alteration is normalized with remission and does not require treatment.

scholarly journals Correlations of Free Thyroid Hormones Measured by Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Immunoassay with Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone across 4 Patient Populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1380-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Jonklaas ◽  
Natasa Kahric-Janicic ◽  
Offie P Soldin ◽  
Steven J Soldin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormone

Abstract Background: Accurate measurement of free thyroid hormones is important for managing thyroid disorders. Ultrafiltration liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can reliably measure the concentrations of small molecules, including thyroid hormones. Our study was designed to compare free thyroid hormone measurements performed with immunoassay and LC-MS/MS. Methods: We studied the performance of LC-MS/MS in 4 different populations comprising pediatric patients, euthyroid adults, and healthy nonpregnant and pregnant women. The samples obtained from each population numbered 38, 200, 28, and 128, respectively. Free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations were documented. Results: LC-MS/MS measurement of free thyroid hormones provided better correlation with log-transformed serum TSH in each population and also the populations combined. The correlations between free thyroxine measured by LC-MS/MS and log TSH in the pediatric outpatients and healthy adults were −0.90 and −0.77, respectively. The correlations for immunoassay were −0.82 and −0.48. The correlations between free triiodothyronine measured by LC-MS/MS and TSH for both pediatric and healthy adult populations were −0.72 and −0.68, respectively. Conclusions: Free thyroid hormone concentrations measured by LC-MS/MS correlate to a greater degree with log TSH values compared to concentrations measured by immunoassay. This correlation was maintained across the patient populations we studied and may reflect the accuracy and specificity of LC-MS/MS. The superior ability of LC-MS/MS to enable documentation of the well-known thyroid hormone–TSH relationship supports the use of this measurement technique in a variety of clinical situations.

scholarly journals Thyroid function studies in children of nephrotic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Gurdeep Singh Dhanjal ◽  
Mani Garg
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Group 1

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a condition which is characterized by proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia and significant edema. In children with nephrotic syndrome, it is probable to determine a hypothyroid state because of significant loss of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) in presence of proteinuria. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the level of serum free T3, free T4, and TSH in children with nephrotic syndrome and its correlation with healthy controls.Methods: A comparative study was carried out on total of 60 children (divided into two equal groups of 30 cases and 30 controls) in the age group of 1-18 years of either sex admitted to Department of Paediatrics. Maharishi Markandeshwar institute of Medical Sciences and Research. Mullana, Ambala, Haryana over a from January 2017 to September 2018. Serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were done in all 60 children and compared.Results: Among cases 18 (60%) were males and 12 (40%) were females. 63.4% of the cases were in the age group 1-10 years and 36.6% were in age group 11-18 years. Studied patients showed lowered FT3 and FT4 and raised TSH in comparison with normal values.Conclusions: Hypothyroidism should be actively sought for in children with nephrotic syndrome as it is a treatable complication.

scholarly journals Neuroprotection of reduced thyroid hormone with increased estrogen and progestogen in postpartum depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Yangyao Li ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Yuqi She ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach

Abstract Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common serious mental health problem. Recent studies have demonstrated that hormone therapy serves as a promising therapeutic approach in managing PPD. The present study aims at exploring the role of thyroid hormone (TH), estrogen and progestogen in patients with PPD. Methods: Initially, PPD patients were enrolled and a PPD mouse model was established. The serum levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were subsequently measured. Next, in order to identify the effects of TH, estrogen and progestogen on PPD progression, mice were administrated with E2, P, contraceptives (CA), Euthyrox and methimazole (MMI). Besides, the body weight, activities, basolateral amygdala (BLA) neuron cell structure and the related gene expression of mice were analyzed. Results: The PPD patients and the mice showed elevated serum levels of T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 along with diminished E2, P and TSH levels. In the mice administered with a combination of E2, P, and MMI, decreased TH and increased estrogen and progestogen were detected, which resulted in increased body weight, normal activities, and BLA neuron cell structure. Moreover, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) were both up-regulated in PPD mice administrated with a combination of E2, P, and MMI, which was accompanied by decreased TH and elevated estrogen and progestogen. Conclusion: Taken together, reduced TH combined with enhanced estrogen and progestogen confers neuroprotection in PPD, highlighting a potential target in prevention and treatment of PPD.

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormone Indices in Computer Workers with Emphasis on the Role of Zinc Supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim Amin ◽  
Noha Mohamed Hegazy ◽  
Khadiga Salah Ibrahim ◽  
Heba Mahdy-Abdallah ◽  
Hamdy A. A. Hammouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Computer Workers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer monitor-emitted radiation on thyroid hormones and the possible protective role of zinc supplementation.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included three groups. The first group (group B) consisted of 42 computer workers. This group was given Zinc supplementation in the form of one tablet daily for eight weeks. The second group (group A) comprised the same 42 computer workers after zinc supplementation. A group of 63 subjects whose job does not entail computer use was recruited as a control Group (Group C). All participants filled a questionnaire including detailed medical and occupational histories. They were subjected to full clinical examination. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and zinc levels were measured in all participants. RESULTS: TSH, FT3, FT4 and zinc concentrations were decreased significantly in group B relative to group C. In group A, all tested parameters were improved when compared with group B. The obtained results revealed that radiation emitted from computers led to changes in TSH and thyroid hormones (FT3 and FT4) in the workers. CONCLUSION: Improvement after supplementation suggests that zinc can ameliorate hazards of such radiation on thyroid hormone indices.

Correlation between urinary cadmium and thyroid hormones in outdoor workers exposed to urban stressors

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1978-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Valeria Rosati ◽  
Lucio Montuori ◽  
Tiziana Caciari ◽  
Carmina Sacco ◽  
Mariasilvia Marrocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Outdoor Workers ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
And Task

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether exposure to low concentrations of cadmium (Cd) can have effects on the thyroid hormone level of outdoor workers exposed to urban pollutants. Methods: The study was conducted on a final sample of 277 individuals (184 males and 93 females). The environmental monitoring of Cd was evaluated through the use of portable dosimeters, while the biological monitoring was achieved through the assessment of urinary Cd and thyroid hormones. The total sample was divided according to sex and task. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient among the variables was calculated after subdivision on the basis of sex and task. The multiple linear regression was performed to take into account the major confounding factors. Results: Statistical tests showed a negative correlation between urinary Cd levels and free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine and a positive correlation between urinary Cd and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Conclusions: Our early results seem to point out that occupational exposure to low concentrations of Cd present in urban air affects the thyroid hormone levels in exposed workers.

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormones in Conventional and Organic Farmers in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornpimol Kongtip ◽  
Noppanun Nankongnab ◽  
Nichcha Kallayanatham ◽  
Ritthirong Pundee ◽  
Nattagorn Choochouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Pesticides can act as endocrine disruptors by different mechanisms including inhibition of iodine absorption, increases in thyroid hormone clearance, decreased cellular uptake of thyroid hormones, or changes in expression of thyroid hormone regulated genes. This study examined how exposure to pesticides impacts thyroid hormone levels, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free T3 (FT3), and free T4 (FT4) by comparing conventional (n = 195) and organic farmers (n = 222), and by evaluating which types of pesticides might be associated with changes in thyroid hormone levels. Questionnaires were used to collect information about farmer characteristics, self-reported stress, agricultural activities, and history of pesticide use. Conventional farmers were asked to report the type and quantity of pesticides used each day. The TSH, FT3, T3, and T4 levels of conventional farmers were 1.6, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.1 times higher than those of organic farmers, respectively, after adjusting for covariates. Several specific herbicides had a significant relationship between the amount applied and an increase in thyroid hormone levels, after covariate adjustment. They included: paraquat (TSH, FT3 and T3); acetochlor (FT4); atrazine (TSH, FT3 and T3); glyphosate (T4); diuron (TSH) and the “other” herbicides including alachlor, propanil, and butachlor (FT4 and T3). The most commonly used herbicide among conventional farmers was glyphosate, followed by paraquat, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). These findings suggest that exposure to pesticides could impact the development of metabolic diseases and other health outcomes by altering the endocrine system (the thyroid hormone levels) through the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis. This work is a part of a longitudinal study which will evaluate the sub-chronic effects of repeated exposure to different types of pesticides on thyroid hormone levels.

scholarly journals The Influence of Age and Sex on Tests of Thyroid Function

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Franklyn ◽  
D B Ramsden ◽  
M C Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Reverse T3 ◽  
Free Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Free T3 ◽  
Age And Sex

Serum concentrations of total thyroid hormones, thyroid hormone binding proteins, free thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in a large group of healthy normal subjects ( n = 218) to determine the influence of age and sex on tests of thyroid function. No effect of age on measurements of total thyroxine (T4), total triiodothyronine (T3) or reverse T3 was evident. Concentrations of free T4, free T3 and TSH were similarly unaffected, suggesting that increasing age alone does not significantly influence thyroid hormone measurements. There was, however, a rise in thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration with increasing age and a fall in thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA). An influence of sex on tests of thyroid function was clearly evident. Levels of total T4, total T3, free T4 and the T4: TBG ratio were lower in women between 16 and 49 years than in men, despite an increase in TBG. Lower levels of free T3 were confined to the group of women aged 16–29 years. TSH values were unaffected by sex. These results suggest that sex hormone status in the pre-menopausal female subject may result in an increase in TBG concentration, and in addition may have an opposing effect on circulating thyroid hormone concentrations.

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormone levels in Highlanders- A Comparison Between Residents of Two Altitudes in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Nepal ◽  
BR Pokharel ◽  
K Khanal ◽  
P Gyawali ◽  
SL Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
High Altitude Natives ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Background The endocrine changes related to altitude adaptation in human have attracted physiologists around the globe for long. A number of high altitude studies to detect the physiological changes have been performed now and then. But, the study to see the hormonal changes to compare populations residing at different high altitudes is a scarce. Hence, we have performed a study in native populations of different high altitude comparing changes in thyroid hormones in western Nepal. The Jharkot population included in this study is at altitude of 3760m and Jomsom population at 2800m height from sea bed. Objective The study is to compare changes in thyroid hormones at two different high altitude natives. Methods To compare thyroid status between high altitude natives at two different altitudes a cross sectional study is performed by random sampling method. The blood sample was collected in a vacutainer from fifty eight individuals after obtaining the informed consent of participants. The blood collected from antecubital vein was centrifuged in an hour and the serum obtained was used for biochemical analysis of free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone. Results Mean free thyroxine (fT4) of Jharkot population is significantly larger (p = 0.001) than Jomsom population. Mean thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) with p = 0.597, does not indicate the difference between this two population. There is no significant difference between mean free triiodothyronine (fT3) of Jharkot and Jomsom population (p = 0.345). Conclusion The rise in free thyroid hormone at high altitude is not dependent on the thyroid stimulating hormone released from anterior pituitary. The rise in free thyroxine is found at higher altitude and no difference in fT3 level is detected in population studied at high altitudes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i1.11017 Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.11(1) 2013: 18-21

Establishment of Early Pregnancy Related Thyroid Hormone Models and Reference Intervals for Pregnant Women in China Based on Real World Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (04) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Chaochao Ma ◽  
Xiaoqi Li ◽  
Lixin Liu ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Fang Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractThyroid hormone reference intervals are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring thyroid dysfunction during early pregnancy, and the dynamic change trend of thyroid hormones during pregnancy can assist clinicians to assess the thyroid function of pregnant women. This study aims to establish early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models and reference intervals for pregnant women. We established two derived databases: derived database* and derived database#. Reference individuals in database* were used to establish gestational age-specific reference intervals for thyroid hormones and early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models for pregnant women. Individuals in database# were apparently healthy non-pregnant women. The thyroid hormones levels of individuals in database# were compared with that of individuals in database* using nonparametric methods and the comparative confidence interval method. The differences in thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine between early pregnant and non-pregnant women were statistically significant (p<0.0001). The reference intervals of thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine for early pregnant women were 0.052–3.393 μIU/ml, 1.01–1.54 ng/dl, and 2.51–3.66 pg/ml, respectively. Results concerning thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine reference intervals of early pregnancy are comparable with those from other studies using the same detection platform. Early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models showed various change patterns with gestational age for thyroid hormones. Early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models and reference intervals for pregnant women were established, so as to provide accurate and reliable reference basis for the diagnosing and monitoring of maternal thyroid disfunction in early pregnancy.

scholarly journals Reference Intervals of Thyroid Hormones and Correlation of BMI with Thyroid Function in Healthy Zhuang Ethnic Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghong Sheng ◽  
Dongping Huang ◽  
Shun Liu ◽  
Xuefeng Guo ◽  
Jiehua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
American Thyroid Association ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional

Ethnic differences in the level of thyroid hormones exist among individuals. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends that an institution or region should establish a specific thyroid hormone reference value for each stage of pregnancy. To date, a limited number of studies have reported the level of thyroid hormones in Chinese minorities, and the exact relationship between BMI and thyroid function in pregnant women is ill. This study was performed to establish trimester-specific reference ranges of thyroid hormones in Zhuang ethnic pregnant women and explore the role of body mass index (BMI) on thyroid function. A total of 3324 Zhuang ethnic health pregnant women were recruited in this Zhuang population-based retrospective cross-sectional study. The values of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were determined by automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Multivariate linear regression and binary logistic regression were constructed to evaluate the influence of BMI on the thyroid function. The established reference intervals for the serum thyroid hormones in three trimesters were as follows: TSH, 0.02–3.28, 0.03–3.22, and 0.08-3.71 mIU/L; FT4, 10.57–19.76, 10.05–19.23, and 8.96–17.75 pmol/L; FT3, 3.51–5.64, 3.42–5.42, and 2.93–5.03 pmol/L. These values were markedly lower than those provided by the manufacturers for nonpregnant adults which can potentially result in 6.10% to 19.73% misclassification in Zhuang pregnant women. Moreover, BMI was positively correlated with isolated hypothyroxinemia (OR=1.081, 95% CI=1.007–1.161), while the correlation between the BMI and subclinical hypothyroidism was not statistically significant (OR=0.991, 95% CI=0.917–1.072). This is the first study focusing on the reference ranges of thyroid hormones in Guangxi Zhuang ethnic pregnant women, which will improve the care of them in the diagnosis and treatment. We also found that high BMI was positively associated with the risk of isolated hypothyroxinemia.

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