scholarly journals EFFICACY OF VAGINAL MISOPROSTOL IN FIRST AND SECOND TRIMESTER MISSED ABORTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hema T ◽  
Annapoorani R ◽  
Karthiyayini M
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Interval Change ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol

Objectives : Missed abortion is a common problem in obstetrics and gynecology. This study aims to study the efficacy of vaginal misoprostol in termination of first and second trimester missed abortions. Materials and Methods: Fifty women with missed abortions were included in the study, out of which 30 patients were in first trimester comprised of group I, other 20 patients in second trimester were designated as group II. After getting informed consent, 200 mcg misoprostol was kept in posterior fornix, every 4 hours 200 mcg was repeated until the patient expelled. Parameters analyzed were induction abortion interval, change in PCV, success rate. Results : In the present study out of the 70% (21/30) cases belonging to group I – the mean induction abortion interval was between 12-16 hrs. In group II category in (19/20) 95% of women , the mean induction abortion interval was less than 8 hrs. One patient failed to expel even after maximum of 4 dose and hence underwent surgical termination giving a failure rate of 5%, ‘P’ value is also significant. Conclusion : Vaginal Prostoglandin E analogue (misoprostol) is a very safe and effective method to be used in missed abortion. It was more effective and successful in II trimester compared to I trimester. The failure rate was very minimum and complications were almost nil with very few side effects

scholarly journals A prospective comparative study of oral and vaginal misoprostol after pre-treatment with single dose of mifepristone for second trimester abortion

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Aastha Bhaskar ◽  
Richa Kaushik ◽  
Ashwani Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Pregnancy ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol

Background: Misoprostol is a synthetic PGE1 analogue which induces cervical ripening as well as strong uterine contractions and leads to expulsion of pregnancy. Misoprostol has been shown to have several advantages over other prostaglandins; it is cheap, stable at room temperature and can be given by various routes. Administration of mifepristone 24 to 48 hours before misoprostol decreases mean induction time which varies with route of administration of misoprostol.Methods: 50 women with single intrauterine pregnancy with gestational age 13-20 weeks, admitted in labour room of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak for termination of pregnancy (on account of missed abortion, absent liquor or gross congenital malformation)  were given 200 mg of mifepristone orally after taking written informed consent and excluding scarred uterus, placenta praevia, bronchial asthma, any cardiovascular disease, clotting disorder, long term use of glucocorticoids and history of glaucoma. Then they were randomized into two groups of 25 women each. Group I included 25 women who received oral misoprostol and group II included 25 women who received vaginal misoprostol. Complete abortion was defined as successful expulsion of both foetus and placenta without any intervention. Failure was defined as cases with incomplete expulsion or incomplete dilatation or no dilatation.Results: The mean number of doses of misoprostol used in groups I and group II were 2.80±1.19 and 2.20±0.86 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p value 0.04). Out of 25 patients included in each group, 64% (n=16) in group I and 80% (n=20) in group II patients had complete expulsion with misoprostol and remaining 36% (n=9) in group I and 20% (n=5) in group II either needed syntocinon or post expulsion evacuation for retained product of conceptions and who did not respond to the given doses of misoprostol at all required mechanical dilatation and evacuation. But this difference was not statistically significant. The mean induction abortion interval in cases of complete expulsion observed in group I was 10.74±4.12 hours and 8.67±3.23 hours in group II which was statistically significant (p value 0.05).Conclusions: Vaginal route is better than oral route for second trimester termination of pregnancy as it requires less number of Misoprostol doses and shorter induction abortion interval.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy of preinduction with mifepristone 12 hours versus 24 hours prior for second trimister pregnancy termination

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3628
Author(s):  
Neelamma Girish Patil ◽  
Priyanka Gupta ◽  
Megha D. Hittinhalli ◽  
Subhaschandra R. Mudanur ◽  
Manpreet Kaur J. Tehalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Second Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Since the second trimester termination of pregnancy is on rise due to the detection of anomalies, this study aims to provide a safe regimen with respect to efficacy, side effects and acceptability for second trimester pregnancy termination.Methods: It is a randomized controlled trial, conducted on 48 cases at BLDE Medical college, Vijayapur, Karnataka. They were divided into two groups; all patients were given mifepristone 200mg orally followed by misoprostol 400mcg vaginally after 12 hours in group I and 24 hours in group II respectively. Subsequent doses were decided depending on the Bishops score. Results were analyzed in terms of induction-abortion interval and dosage of misoprostol.Results: The mean induction abortion interval was 563.9 minutes (9.3hrs) in group I and 714.6 minutes (11.9hrs) in group II; but was statistically not significant (p value 0.611) The total dose of misoprostol used was 783.3mcg in group I compared to 550mcg in group II, but was statistically not significant. The success rate was 100% in both the groups as none of them had incomplete abortion. There were no cases of uterine rupture, infection, need for check curettage and laparotomy.Conclusions: Our study proves that the interval between mifepristone and misoprostol can be safely reduced to 12 hours without affecting the efficacy. But in gestational age <16 weeks and primigravida 24 hours interval may be of benefit. Both the regimens were 100% successful.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN COMBINED USE OF INTRACERVICAL FOLEY CATHETER WITH VAGINAL MISOPROSTOL VERSUS VAGINAL MISOPROSTOL FOR MID TRIMESTER ABORTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PREVIOUS CAESAREAN SECTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-640
Author(s):  
Kanchan Sharma ◽  
◽  
Ranideepa a ◽  
Anamika b ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Skeletal Malformation ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Misoprostol Group ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol

Background:There is a gradual increase in second-trimester abortion because of wide scale introduction of prenatal screening programs detecting women whose pregnancies are complicated by serious fetal abnormalities suchas aneuploidy, cardiovascular and skeletal malformation. It constitutes 10-15% of all induced abortions.With the global trend of raised cesarean section rate, obstetricians are faced with the challenge of termination of pregnancy in women with a scarred uterus.Termination of pregnancy in second trimester is associated with much more morbidity and mortality than when it is done in the first trimester. The various methods for second trimester termination of pregnancy are still controversial and the search for the ideal method which is the safest, easiest, cheapest and most effective is still going on. Search for alternative and effective method is the need of hour. In our study, we aimed at assessing the effectiveness and safety of intracervical foleys catheter with vaginal misoprost and comparing it with the vaginal misoprost for mid trimester abortions in patients with previous caesarean. Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted on 108 women undergoing mid trimester abortions at Patna medical college and hospital in 2019. Patients were randomly allocated in 2 groups Group I ( intracervical foleys and Misoprostol group): Intracervical Foley catheter inserted with a standard regimen of moistened misoprostol tablets (200 μg) 6 hourly intravaginally was used. Group II (misoprostol group): moistened misoprostol tablets (200 μg) 6 hourly inserted vaginally. Procedure efficacy (defined as complete abortion within 48 hours of first dose of misoprostol), safety and reduction in side effects ,acceptability, dose of misoprost required were assessed in both the groups. Results:The induction to abortion interval was 24.16 ± 1.52 hours in the combined group compared to 45.76 ± 1.63 hours in the misoprostol group (P value<0.021) with success rate of 96% in the combined group and 80 % in misoprostol group. Total dose of misoprostol required in combined group was (682.33+_ 245) micrograms and (1100 +_ 212) micrograms in misoprost group with p value < 0.001 No significant difference as regard occurrence of advere effects between the two groups. Conclusions:Combined use of intracervical foley catheter and vaginal misoprostol is a novel safe, effective and acceptable method for termination of second trimester in patients with previous caesarean sectionpregnancy.

scholarly journals Short and Long-Term Follow up Results of Daily 5 Mg Tadalafil as a Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Gharib ◽  
Ibrahim Abdelal ◽  
Adel Elatreisy ◽  
Elsayed Salih ◽  
Ahmed Sebaey
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Objective: To evaluate effectiveness and safety of a 5mg tadalafil daily treatment for men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) and assessment of long-term follow up by persistence of improvement 2 years after stoppage of tadalafil.Materials and Methods: The study included 160 patients diagnosed with erectile dysfunction from April 2018 to June 2020. All were evaluated using the international index of erectile function questionnaire-5 (IIEF-5) to evaluate ED and intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) for PE. Patients subdivided into two equal groups. I included 80 patients treated with tadalafil 5 mg daily for 3 months, and group II included 80 patients treated with a placebo for same period. After 3 months treatment and 2 years later after stoppage of tadalafil, all patients were assessed for ED and PE using the same questionnaires. Results: The mean IELT and IIEF pretreatment were 37±11.24 s and 13.2±4.2 respectively for group I, while in group II was 35.98±10.8 s and 13.12±4.11, respectively. After 3 months of treatment, the mean value of IELT in group I showed a highly significant improvement from 37±11.24 sec to 120.5±47.37 sec (p-value < 0.001), but for group II, the mean values of IELT showed no significant improvement from baseline 35.98±10.8 to endpoint 39.43±13.6 ( p-value > 0.05). As regarding the IIEF, there was a highly significant improvement from baseline 13.2±4.2 to endpoint 20.45±4.5 in group I (p-value < 0.001) while there was no significant difference in group II from baseline 13.12±4.11 to endpoint 15±4.84 (p-value > 0.05) . 2 years later after stoppage of tadalafil , 75 patients from group I complete follow up and there was significant improvement in IELT and IIEF form base line (37±11.24) (13.2±4.2) to endpoint (98±18.3) (19.1±2.3) respectively but less than the results after 3 months treatment.ConclusionDaily Tadalafil 5 mg was effective, tolerable, and safe treatment for patients suffering from ED and PE. Long-term follow up after 2 years declared persistence of significant improvement.

scholarly journals Study of Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second (FEV1) and Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second and Forced Vital Capacity in Percentage (FEV1/FVC%) in Pregnant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipok Kumar Sunyal ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Ayesha Yasmin ◽  
Golam Morshed Molla ◽  
Md Liakat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
P Value ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Mean

Background: A few data are available on the effects of pregnancy on pulmonary function in different countries. But no such established data are available in our country. So we designed this study in our population. Objectives: To observe the forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) in different trimesters of normal pregnant women and to compare them with those of healthy non-pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This observational and analytical study was carried out in the department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College during July 2004 to June 2005. Total 100 women aged from 25 to 35 years without any recent history of respiratory tract diseases were selected as study population. Among them, 75 normal pregnant women were taken as experimental and 25 healthy non-pregnant women were taken as control groups. The experimental group included 25 pregnant women in first trimester, 25 in second trimester and 25 in third trimester. Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), ratio of percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) were measured in pregnant and non-pregnant control women. The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% were measured by using an ‘automatic spirometer’. Statistical analyses were done by unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test between the study groups and p value <0.05 was taken as significant.Results: The mean ± SD of measured values of FEV1 were 2.41 ± 0.87, 2.28 ± 0.59, 2.15 ± 0.74 and 1.89 ± 0.76 liters in non-pregnant women and in pregnant women during first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. The mean ± SD of measured values of FEV1/FVC% were 75.22 ± 16.77, 74.86 ± 11.06, 74.42 ± 17.43 and 71.81 ± 15.87% in nonpregnant women and in pregnant women during first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. Conclusion: The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% were significantly lower in third trimester pregnant women than that of non-pregnant and first trimester of pregnant women and FEV1/FVC% gradually decreased from first to third trimester of pregnant women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v2i1.11926 J Enam Med Col 2012; 2(1): 29-32

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, Progesterone, and Ischemia-Modified Albumin and Their Combined Use in the Prediction of First Trimester Abortions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mehmet A. Osmanağaoğlu ◽  
S. Caner Karahan ◽  
Turhan Aran ◽  
Süleyman Güven ◽  
Elif Turgut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Group I ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To investigate serum levels of free β-HCG, progesterone, and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and their combined use in the prediction of first trimester abortions. Methods. A total of 156 pregnant women between 5 and 13 weeks of gestational age were included in this study. At admission, serum levels of free β-HCG, progesterone, and IMA were noted and all cases were divided into two groups; Group I (n=77) resulted in abortion including missed abortion, incomplete/complete abortion, and inevitable abortion whereas Group II (n=79) included normal pregnancies. Results. Compared to Group II, the significantly decreased value of free β-HCG progesterone and significantly increased value of IMA were found in Group I (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01, resp.). When combining all three parameters, sensitivity 75%, specificity 99%, PPV 98%, and NPV 76% were obtained. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed the free β-HCG, progesterone, and IMA independent factors in the prediction of abortions. Conclusions. The combined use of free β-HCG, progesterone, and IMA levels can be useful in the prediction of first trimester spontaneous abortions.

scholarly journals The Role of Low Dose Misoprostol in Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labour Beyond the Age of Viability and its Effects on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Humaira Ali ◽  
Cimona Lyn Saldanha ◽  
Tabasum Parveiz ◽  
Rabia Khurshid
Keyword(s):  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Labour Induction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol

This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of oral (50 μg) and vaginal (25 μg) misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour. Two hundred patients with indications for labour induction randomly received either 50 μg oral misoprostol every 4 h (Group-I) or 25 μg vaginal misoprostol every 4 h (Group-II), for maximum of six doses. Mean induction to delivery time, delivery within 24 hrs, mode of delivery, oxytocin use, number of doses used, failed induction rate and maternal complication and fetal outcomes were compared for the two groups. Mean induction delivery time was significantly longer in Group-I (20.55±5.59 hrs) than in Group-II (16.70±7.12 hrs) (with mean difference of 3.85 and P-value of <0.001). Mean number of doses of misoprostol used for oral and vaginal misoprostol study populations were 2.61±0.94 and2.37±1.20respectively. Oxytocin augmentation was required in significantly more number of patients in oral group (80%) than in vaginal group (68%) with P-value of 0.027. There were 3 failed inductions in the oral and 4 in the vaginal group after a total of six doses of misoprostol. Incidence of maternal and fetal complications was similar between two groups. Our findings indicated that, 25μg vaginal misoprostol has the potential to induce labor as safely as, and more effectively than, 50 μg oral analogue. JMS 2017; 20(1):18-21

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salivary Procalcitonin and Macrophage Activating Factor in Generalised Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhu Ramarao Ghorpade ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Rajaram ◽  
Jaideep Mahendra ◽  
Burnice Nalinakumari Chelladurai ◽  
Ambalavanan Namasivayam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Introduction: Periodontitis is a polymicrobial and multifactorial oral disease and is the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis is important, and the use of non invasive biomarkers are highly useful for this purpose. The level of Macrophage Activating Factor (MAF) and Procalcitonin (ProCT) corresponds to the intensity of the inflammatory response and the severity of infection; thereby indicating that an increase in concentration or persistence of high values is considered as a prognostic indicator for severity of infection with an adverse outcome. Aim: To assess the periodontal parameters and quantify the levels of MAF and ProCT in saliva samples of generalised chronic periodontitis subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and to correlate these levels with the periodontal parameters. Materials and Methods: The study was a single centre cross- sectional study carried out at the Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from November 2018 to November 2019. A total of 80 subjects with generalised severe chronic periodontitis were selected and divided into two groups. Group I comprised of 40 subjects who were diagnosed with generalised chronic periodontitis without type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas group II comprised of 40 subjects with generalised chronic periodontitis who had already been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Periodontal parameters such as Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were recorded. The collected samples were subjected to molecular analysis for evaluating ProCT and MAF using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.1 (Chicago, USA Inc). Student’s Independent t-test was used to compare the mean values for the variables in the control and test group. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to evaluate correlation between all the variables. The p-value <0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: On comparing the periodontal parameters between group I and group II, there was no significant difference between the groups p-value >0.05. The mean salivary ProCT level in group I and group II was 268.76±152.78 ng/mL and 785.75±244.37 ng/mL, respectively. The mean salivary MAF level in group I and group II was 7.15±2.02 ng/mL and 26.56±9.12 ng/mL, respectively. On comparing MAF and ProCT value between group I and group II, there was a statistically significant increase in group II (p-value <0.001) and a weak correlation value with the periodontal parameters was seen. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in levels of MAF and ProCT in saliva samples of generalised chronic periodontitis subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus, however the periodontal variables in each group did not correlate with MAF and ProCT.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous ketamine prolongs the analgesic effect of local infiltration of plain Bupivacaine in children undergoing inguinal herniotomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 806-814
Author(s):  
Alex Oham ◽  
Ifeoma Ekwere ◽  
Kingsley Tobi
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Wound ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Inguinal Herniotomy

Background: Inguinal herniotomy is one of the commonest paediatric surgical procedures at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Incisional infiltration with plain bupivacaine has been used to provide postoperative analgesia for this procedure but with a short duration of action, 4- 6hours. Aims/Objectives: The aim of this study therefore was to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous ketamine on post-operative analgesia in children undergoing unilateral inguinal herniotomy. Methods: Forty-six (46) ASA I or II patients aged three to seven years scheduled for unilateral inguinal herniotomy were recruited. The patients were randomized to receive surgical wound site infiltration with plain bupivacaine plus subcutaneous injection of ketamine for group I or surgical wound site infiltration plain bupivacaine plus 2ml of saline subcutaneously for group II at the end of surgery. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Continuous data were compared using student t-test while categorical data were compared using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. P- value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In group, I, the mean time to first analgesic request was 667.7 minutes (11.12hours) and in group II, it was 371.3min- utes (6.2 hours) with p<0.001. The pain scores were better and more favourable in group I from the 8th hour and above of the assessment period. The mean post-operative analgesic consumption in 24 hours was less in group I (19.35±5.4mg) than in group II (27.32±5.8 mg) with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: The study showed that subcutaneous ketamine prolonged the analgesic effect of plain bupivacaine surgical wound site infiltration in children undergoing unilateral inguinal herniotomy. Keywords: Subcutaneous ketamine, inguinal herniotomy, children, postoperative analgesia.

Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Intrathecal Levobupivacaine in Lower Segment Cesarean Section

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2537-2541
Author(s):  
Madiha Zafar ◽  
Usman Zeeshan ◽  
Shazia Jang Sher ◽  
Aesha Sadaf Rizwan ◽  
Arooj Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
P Value ◽  
Motor Blockade ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Lower Segment Cesarean Section ◽  
Group I ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Intrathecal Analgesia

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine on the spinal anaesthesia as an adjuvant to the hyperbaric levobupivacaine in patients undergoing cesarean section. Study Design: Comparative/Observational Place & Duration: The study was conducted at Anesthesiology/Obstetrics and Gynaecology departments of Mayo hospital, Lahore for duration of six months i.e from 1st November 2020 to 30th April 2021. Methods: This analysis included a total of 120 cases. After the informed consent the patients had received comprehensive demographics. Three equal classes of patients were divided into groups A, B and C. Group I had 40 patients and received 2.5 ml isobaric levobupivacane, group II with 40 patients and received 2.5 ml isobaric levobupivacaine and 5μg dexmedetomidine, and group III received 2.5 ml isobaric levobupivacaine and 25 μg fentanyl intrathecally. The outcomes of these groups were analysed in which sensory and motor blockage period were measured from the time the intrathecal drugs were administered. The full SPSS 26.0 version was used to analyze the results. Results: The mean age of the patients in group I was 27.44 ± 7.64 years with BMI 23.19±8.44, mean age in group II was 27.22 ±7.42 years with BMI 24.44 ± 6.16 and in group III mean age was 26.99 ±9.61 years with BMI 24.72 ±4.34. Duration of sensory and motor blockade was observed and resulted that it was earlier in group III as compared to group I and II. Prolonged duration of sensory and motor blockade was observed in group II as compared to groups I and III with significantly P value< 0.001. Conclusion: We concluded that for an adjuvant of 0.5 percent isobaric levobupivalacaine, Intrathecal dexmedetomidine induces both prolonged motor blockage and post operative analgesia than fentanyl. Key words: Levobupivacaine; Spinal anesthesia, Fentanyl, Intrathecal analgesia, Cesarean section; Dexmedetomidine.

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