A STUDY OF ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AT KAMLA RAJA HOSPITAL, GWALIOR

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection caused by presence and growth of microorganism anywhere in the urinary tract. Urinary tract infection in pregnancy may also lead to unfavorable pregnancy outcomes and complication such as pyelonephritis, hypertensive disease of pregnancy, anaemia, chronic renal failure, premature delivery, low birth weight and foetal mortality. Aims and objectives: To determine the overall prevalence of UTI among pregnant women and to identify bacterial uropathogen associated with UTI in pregnant women and determine their antibiotic susceptibility to select antimicrobial agents. Materials and methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted in the department of obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kamla Raja Hospital, Gwalior (MP), for one year (February 2016-January 2017) on 300 pregnant patients with symptoms of UTI. Result and observations: Our study showed that pregnant women in their second trimester were more infected (80%) than those in comparisons to first trimester (7.5%) and 3rd trimester (12.5%) respectively which was statistically significant (p˂0.05). Prevalence of UTI is higher in pregnant women with hemoglobin level (<10gm %) as compare to pregnant women with hemoglobin (>10gm %) which was statistically significant (p<0.05). The most common pathogen isolated is E.coli. Conclusion: Antenatal women and their families should be made aware about the need for early diagnosis and efficient treatment of UTI during pregnancy. Good personal hygiene and nutrition of all antenatal women should be ensured. Need of strict aseptic and antiseptic precaution for urethral catheterization and effective management of recurrent UTI should be reinforced among health personnel.

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Uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern: A retrospective study in a district level hospital in Western Nepal

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.52210.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 375

Author(s):

Manoj Ghimire ◽

Sudeep Adhikari ◽

Kalpana Ghimire ◽

Bishal Tiwari ◽

Soni Koju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Causative Organism ◽

Lower Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of hospital visits. There is an increasing trend of resistance of uropathogens to antibiotics worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify the common uropathogens, along with their antimicrobial susceptibility. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2018 to April 2020 at Beni hospital. All patients with urinary tract infection visiting Beni hospital during this time and who had urine culture sensitivity tests done were included in this study. Urine samples were first cultured on cystine lactose electrolyte-deficient agar by a semi-quantitative technique, and then incubated aerobically for 18–24 h at 37 °C. The identified bacterial isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: Of the 1173 samples, 164 (14%) samples showed significant growth. Escherichia coli (74%) was the most common causative organism. E. coli was sensitive in 113 cases (95%) out of 119. Amikacin was tested in 87 isolates that showed 99% sensitivity. Other commonly used antimicrobial agents had lower sensitivity rates: gentamicin (83%), ciprofloxacin (75%), ceftriaxone (59%), cefixime (56%), cotrimoxazole (55%), cefotaxime (41%), and ampicillin (38%). Conclusions: E.coli is the most common pathogen associated with urinary tract infection. Nitrofurantoin and amikacin can be good empirical agents for treating UTI in patients coming to Beni hospital.

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Prevalence, aetiology, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and predictors of urinary tract infection among neonates with clinical sepsis: a cross-sectional study

Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette ◽

10.1186/s43054-021-00088-6 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yasintha S. Lugira ◽

Fransisca D. Kimaro ◽

Mkhoi L. Mkhoi ◽

Samuel G. Mafwenga ◽

Angelina A. Joho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clinical Sepsis ◽

Predicting Factors ◽

Life Threatening

Abstract Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common and life-threatening bacterial infection among neonates. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, aetiology, and susceptible antimicrobial agents among neonates with UTI. Methods This was a cross-sectional analytical hospital-based study that included 152 neonates with clinical sepsis who were admitted at Dodoma regional referral hospital from January to June 2020. Bacterial growth of 1 × 103 colony forming units/mL of a single uropathogen was used to define the presence of UTI. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 and multivariate analysis was used to determine the predicting factors of UTI. P <0.05 was regarded statistically significant. Results The prevalence of UTI was 18.4% (28/152). Klebsiella pneumoniae 64.3% (18/28) and Enterobacter spp. 35.7% (10/28) were the bacterial agents isolated. The bacterial isolates were 90%, and 60% sensitive to ciprofloxacin and amikacin, respectively. Low Apgar score (AOR = 12.76, 95% CI = 4.17–39.06, p<0.001), prolonged labour (AOR = 5.36, 95% CI = 1.28–22.52, p = 0.022), positive urine nitrite test (AOR = 26.67, 95% CI = 7.75–91.70, p<0.001), and positive leucocyte esterase test (AOR = 6.64, 95% CI = 1.47–29.97, p = 0.014) were potential predictors of UTI. Conclusion The prevalence of UTI confirmed by urine culture among neonates that were included in the present study indicates that this problem is common in the population where the study was conducted. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. were the uropathogens which were isolated. Ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and amikacin were sensitive to the isolated uropathogens.

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Study on microbiology of urinary tract infection and the status of urinary isolates in pregnant women

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital ◽

10.3126/mjsbh.v12i2.8793 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sharmila Parajuli

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Culture Method ◽

First Trimester ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Culture Positive

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered problems owing to significant number of patients needing hospitalization during pregnancy. The incidence of UTI in pregnant women is reported to be high up to 7-8%. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study conducted in Valley Maternity Hospital during a period of 6 months (Jan 2011 to June 2011). 520 MSU (Mid stream urine samples) from pregnant women clinically suspected of urine infection were evaluated by urine dipstick analysis, microscopic and culture method. The isolates were identified and antibiotic sensitivity pattern was determined by standard protocol. Results: The majority of the patients were in-between the age group of 20-30years- 338cases (65%) and these patients usually presented in the first trimester of pregnancy- 317cases (60.96%).  Out of the 520 clinically suspected UTI cases, 232 (44.61%) was culture positive. Out of the culture positive cases; Escherichia coli (E.coli) was the most common accounting for a total of 144cases (80%). Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective drug against the gram negative (Gm-ve) bacteria. Similarly, Ampicillin, Amoxycillin and Cloxacillin were found to be effective agent against gram positive (Gm+ve) bacteria. Conclusion: Screening for bacteriuria is recommended among all pregnant women at the first prenatal visit and in the subsequent trimesters of pregnancy. Prompt treatment of symptomatic UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria is required in pregnant women to avoid complications like preterm birth, low birth weight and increased perinatal mortality. Key words: UTI, Pregnant women, Antibiotics, Culture method.

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Microbiology of Urinary Tract Infection and the Status of Urinary Isolates in Pregnant Women

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital ◽

10.3126/mjsbh.v13i2.13111 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

Sharmila Parajuli ◽

B Thapa

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

First Trimester ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Culture Positive

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered problems owing to significant number of patients needing hospitalization during pregnancy. The incidence of UTI in pregnant women is reported to be high up to 7-8%.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in Valley Maternity Hospital during a period of 6 months (Jan 2011 to June 2011). 520 MSU (Mid stream urine samples) from pregnant women clinically suspected of urine infection were evaluated by urine dipstick analysis, microscopic and culture method. The isolates were identified and antibiotic sensitivity pattern was determined by standard protocol.Results: The majority of the patients were in-between the age group of 20-30years- 338cases (65%) and these patients usually presented in the first trimester of pregnancy- 317cases (60.96%). Out of the 520 clinically suspected UTI cases, 232 (44.61%) was culture positive. Out of the culture positive cases; Escherichia coli (E.coli) was the most common accounting for a total of 144cases (80%). Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective drug against the gram negative (Gm-ve) bacteria. Similarly, Ampicillin, Amoxycillin and Cloxacillin were found to be effective agent against gram positive (Gm+ve) bacteria.Conclusions: Screening for bacteriuria is recommended among all pregnant women at the first prenatal visit and in the subsequent trimesters of pregnancy. Prompt treatment of symptomatic UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria is required in pregnant women to avoid complications like preterm birth, low birth weight and increased perinatal mortality.

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Etiology and prevalence of urinary tract infections among pregnant women in Kerala

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182989 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 3298

Author(s):

Srinath M. P. ◽

Shajina M. ◽

Fasalu Rahiman O. M.

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Drug Susceptibility ◽

Premature Delivery ◽

Fetal Mortality ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Tract Infections ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Infectious disease such as urinary tract infection was found very commonly during all pregnancies. Chronic renal failure, pyelonephritis, preeclampsia, anemia, fetal mortality and premature delivery are the common complication associated with UTI in pregnancy. Hence the management and prevention of UTI in pregnancy is the crucial factor for the sustained pregnant period. It is more important for a clinician to recognize the pathogenic factor for UTI and its sensitivity profile for planning an effective treatment for infected patients. Hence the present study was designed to identify the pathogenic agents of UTI among pregnant women and to find out the drug susceptibility patterns of the isolated organism against commonly prescribed antibioticsMethods: A prospective analysis was carried out by collecting urine from the 210 patients, the sample was also processed for antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing.Results: A positive report was seen in 26 cases with 13.4% of incident rate. Escherichia coli 14 (53.8%), Klebsiella species 23.07%, Enterococcus species 7.69%, Staphylococcus aureus 3.84%, Proteus 3.84%, Pseudomonas aeroginosa 3.84%, Streptococcus pyogenes 3.84% were the most common isolate found in the present population. The isolated pathogens were sensitive to Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, and Amikacin.Conclusions: It is there for recommended that routine microbiological analysis and antibiotic sensitivity test of urine samples of pregnant women must be carried out before the administration of drugs for better treatments and managements of urinary tract infection.

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A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE & PRACTICE TOWARDS PERSONAL HYGIENE IN WOMEN WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION AND PROVIDING PATIENT COUNSELLING IN ESI HOSPITAL,BANGALORE

10.38022/ajhp.2020.1104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

pp. 25-29

Author(s):

DR.SUSHMA MUCHUKOTA ◽

DR. BABU MUCHUKOTA ◽

DR. MEKKANTI MANASA REKHA ◽

P. MOUNIKA ◽

DR. RINKU MATHAPPAN

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Counselling

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Hargeisa Group Hospital, Hargeisa, Somaliland

10.21203/rs.3.rs-957306/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdikhaliq Hussein Ali ◽

Dawit Yihdego Reda ◽

Moges Desta Ormago

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Previous History ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽

History Of

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) among pregnant women attending Hargeisa Group Hospital (HGH), Hargeisa, Somaliland. A cross-sectional study was conducted at HGH, Hargeisa, Somaliland and participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected from 422 participants and cultured and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined for the isolates. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were utilized to identify the independent risk factors for UTI The prevalence of UTI was 16.4 % (95% CI: 13.3–19.9). The predominant bacteria isolate was E. coli (43.5%). Gram negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin (96%) and tetracycline (71.4%) and Gram-positive bacteria were also resistant to ampicillin (90%), tetracycline (55%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 89.9% of bacterial isolated. No formal education participants were 3.18 times, previous history of catheterization had 3.22 times and previous history of UTI had 3.73 times more likely to develop UTI than their counterparts respectively. Culture and susceptibility test is vital for appropriate management of UTI in the study area.

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PREMATURE DELIVERY WORK: ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963.2021.245860 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Isabela Soares Gomes Alves ◽

Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos Santos ◽

Maria Elisângela Torres de Lima Sanches ◽

Maraysa Jéssyca De Oliveira Maraysa Jéssyca de Oliveira Vieira ◽

Larissa De Morais Texeira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Premature Delivery ◽

Premature Labor ◽

Associated Conditions ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Clinical Conditions

Objective: to identify which risk factors / clinical conditions are frequently associated with premature labor in a reference maternity for high risk. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, documentary study. In the population studied, it was understood that pregnant women diagnosed with premature labor admitted to the maternity ward of a public hospital from June to September 2018. Results: it was identified that, of the 40 pregnant women, 21 (52.5% ) were 20 to 34 years old and, in relation to parity, 24 (60%) were multigravid; of the cases that presented some clinical condition associated with the diagnosis of premature labor, Urinary Tract Infection was the most incident complication, corresponding to 27 (65%) of the cases. Conclusion: it appears that the most incident risk factors for the development of premature labor were: maternal age, parity and complications such as Urinary Tract Infection. It was seen that it is up to the professionals involved in prenatal care to provide adequate support for mothers and family members, based on solidarity and welcome, also combining technical and scientific knowledge in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.

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Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women at Kathmandu, Nepal

Journal of Medical Care Research and Review ◽

10.15520/mcrr.v3i9.143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 454-458

Author(s):

Shikha Thakur ◽

Dr. Komal Lata Nagpal

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections “UTIs” are one of the frequently encountered problems during pregnancy. Untreated UTI can be associated with serious obstetric complications. Hence the management and prevention of UTI in pregnancy is the crucial factor for the sustained pregnant period. Hence the present study was designed to identify the pathogenic agents of UTI and its associated risk factors in antenatal mothers in two private hospitals at Kathmandu city. Aim: The main objective of the study was to identify the etiological agent and associated risk factor in Urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending the antenatal care service visit in a selected hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Time of Study: The study was carried out under the supervision of University and field study was carried out in Kathmandu, Nepal from March 2019 to October 2019. Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed at the Norvic Hospital and Baidya and Banskota hospital from March 2019 to October 2019. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 510, clean catch midstream urine (MSU) samples were collected aseptically and analyzed using standard microbiology methods. Data for the factors associated with UTI were obtained by use of questionnaires and standard laboratory tests for selected underlying conditions concerning associated risk factors were collected using structured questionnaires and the sample was also processed for antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing. Results: The study revealed 193/510(37.84%) UTI prevalence among patients attending two hospitals in Kathmandu valley. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial uropathogen with 119/193(61.6%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 35/193(18.13%), Staphylococcus aureus 22/193 (11.39%), Proteus mirabilis 7/193 (3.6%), Enterococcus faecalis 2/193 (1.0%), Enterobacter aerogenes2/193(1.0%) Serratia odorifera 3/193(1.5%), Streptococcus species3/193(1.5%). Conclusions: The high prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women warrant the need to screen all pregnant women and treat those infected with appropriate antimicrobial regimens in order to reduce its complications. Urinary Tract Infection screening is essential in pregnant women.

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Prevalence Of Urinary Tract Infection During Pregnancy

Journal of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital ◽

10.3329/jdnmch.v17i2.12200 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 8-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kawser Parveen ◽

Afroza Momen ◽

Arzumath Ara Begum ◽

Monowara Begum

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Past History ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Incidence ◽

Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections during pregnancy. Untreated UTI can be associated with serious obstetric complications. This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of UTI among pregnant women attending in two private tertiary medical college hospital of Dhaka. A total of 250 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. UTI was diagnosed using mid stream urine (MSU) culture. Using > 105 colony forming unit per milliliter as significant level of bacteriuria, the prevalence was found to be 26.0%. There was a high incidence in 2125 years age group (44.61%). There was also high incidence of infection in the third trimester of pregnancy (78.46%) comparid to first (9.23%) and second trimester (12.30%). Multiparty is associated with increased urinary tract infection in pregnancy. Regarding education 10% were literate and 90% were illiterate. Prevalence of bacteriuria was 94% in women who had past history of urinary tract infection. 80% were sexually active. E.coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen (88.15%).These findings underscores the importance of screening all pregnant women for significant bacteriuria, so that positive cases should be treated subsequently with antibiotics in order to reduce the adverse effects on both maternal and fetal health DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v17i2.12200 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2011; 17 (02): 8-12

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