scholarly journals POVERTY CHALLENGE TO GOVERNMENT MEGACITY PROJECT: ASSESSMENT OF WORKER’S WELL BEING IN LAGOS STATE NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-313
Author(s):  
Yunus Adeleke DAUDA
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Project Assessment ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Lagos Lagoon ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City ◽  
Official Records

In order to make Lagos state a clean and habitable environment, successive democratic governments since 1999 have introduced ‘megacity policy’. The most important of government initiatives of the megacity agenda are constructions of all major and access roads, provision of beautiful surroundings and landscapes and the building of the Lagoon city in the sand-filled areas along the Atlantic Ocean and Lagos lagoon. Government official have consistently claimed that Lagos Megacity project isto provide infrastructure and make the city habitable for low, medium and high income workers and the elites. However big projects were mainly provided in selected areas in the Lagos Island, mainland and other areas where the elites and the rich live. Shanty towns, ghettoes and slums where most Lagos workers live have not really beneffited. This paper examines the challenge which increasing povertyposes to the megacity project. Descriptive method is employed to assess poverty among the Lagos workers. Residential areas were randomly selected and official records were used. Worker’s income is assessed based on prevailing inflation and average earned wages, 672 households’ headsin VIP areas and 1537 in ghettoes, slums and shanty towns were interviewed for the study for two days in week for 24 months between 2015-2017. Affordability of foods, housing, access roads, hospital, schools, sewage system, toilet facilities, waste and refuse disposal and others were used formulate questions directed to measure the wellbeing of individual households of Lagos workers. Findings reveal that governments Lagos megacity projects have led to the provisions of many infrastructures and social services such as roads, schools, hospitals, housing and beautiful landscapes in few areas in the main city, but government efforts to provide the same in all identified ghettoes, slums and shanty towns that dotted many areas in the suburbs where most of the low income workers live have not been quite effective. The paper concludes that megacity projects have not really improved the wellbeing of the Lagos workers. The paper recommends that government should implement megacity policy to improve the wellbeing of large section of its increasing population most especially poor workers in order to reduce the present and future ugly effect of poverty in Lagos state.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of financial well-being among Malaysian households

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-302
Author(s):  
Nurul Shahnaz Mahdzan ◽  
Rozaimah Zainudin ◽  
Mohd Edil Abd Sukor ◽  
Fauzi Zainir ◽  
Wan Marhaini Wan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
High Income ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Perspectives

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the financial well-being (FWB) of Malaysian households and to construct a subjective FWB index with present and future time perspectives.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 1,867 respondents across five major regions in Malaysia. Adapting the InCharge Financial Distress/Financial Well-being (IFDFW) Scale by Prawitz et al. (2006) and the method of computing an index by Devlin (2009), this study develops an FWB index using subjective measures that include future time perspectives (retirement). The index was employed to measure the FWB across low-, middle- and high-income groups and socio-demographic characteristics.FindingsThis study finds evidence that Malaysians' FWB is at an average level (46.8). Middle-income households' FWB (46.1) flanks between the financial well-being index (FWBI) levels of the low-income (37.4) and high-income households (58.7). Across age groups, education levels and employment sectors, the FWB of Malaysians significantly varies, although not across different ethnics, religions, zones and residential areas. Overall, the results suggest that the detrimental effects of FWB are perceived by all Malaysian households nationwide regardless of their religion, ethnicity and residential areas.Practical implicationsThe results of this study complement the other well-being indices used by policymakers and may serve as a useful input for government and policymakers for them to formulate appropriate strategies to promote higher FWB of Malaysian households based on their socio-demographic characteristics.Originality/valueThis study used primary data and developed a subjective FWB index that leverages on people's perceptions of their own financial well-being while including present and future time perspectives. The main contribution of this paper is to construct an index that is easily interpretable and that complements the existing FWB indices, and to identify the segments of society that have low vis-à-vis high FWB.

scholarly journals Criar en colores, nuevas experiencias: una intervención de agua y color con madres jóvenes de etnia gitana en Servicios Sociales de Fuentidueña, Villa de Vallecas

2019 ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Adelaida Larraín ◽  
Noemí Ávila ◽  
Fátima Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Art Program ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Project ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The City ◽  
Municipal Health

Resumen: Criar en colores, nuevas experiencias es un proyecto de arte y salud llevado a cabo en el distrito Villa de Vallecas, Madrid. La intervención, perteneciente al Programa de salud sexual y reproductiva, se encuadra en los programas de promoción y prevención de la salud de los Centros Municipales de Salud Comunitaria del Ayuntamiento de Madrid, en conjunto con el Centro de Servicios Sociales de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se trata de un programa desarrollado semanalmente entre los meses de enero a abril de 2018, en el Centro de Servicios Sociales de Fuentidueña de Villa de Vallecas. La intervención fue llevada a cabo por una profesional del arte y la salud, profesionales de la medicina de Madrid Salud, y los educadores sociales de familia del centro de servicios sociales . El taller se desarrolló con un grupo de mujeres, madres jóvenes de población gitana, beneficiarias de la prestación de renta mínima de inserción, RMI. El grupo denominado Aprendiendo a ser madres, se había formado hace dos años en el centro. Uno de los principales objetivos planteados fue continuar en la línea de formación de este grupo, y para ello se presentó un programa de arte (acuarela y técnicas al agua), a través del cual las mujeres desarrollarían con un lenguaje plástico y artístico, experiencias de bienestar, disfrute, encuentro con sus hijos/as y descubrimiento de nuevos espacios de salud.  Palabras clave: acuarela, bienestar, empoderamiento, gitanas, madres, mujeres  Abstract: Raising in colors, new experiences is an art and health project carried out in the Villa de Vallecas district, Madrid. The intervention is part of the Sexual and Reproductive Health Program and constitutes one of the health promotion and prevention programs implemented by Municipal Health Centers of the City of Madrid in conjunction with Madrid’s Community Social Services Center. The intervention was developed on a weekly basis between January and April 2018 in the Social Services Center of Fuentidueña, Villa de Vallecas, and was carried out by an artist and educator, medical professionals from Madrid Salud and social family educators from the social services center. The workshop was oriented to a group of young gypsy mothers, called Learning to be Mothers, who are beneficiaries of the minimum insertion income (RMI). The group was formed two years ago at the center. One of the main objectives was to continue the capacitation of this group. With this purpose, an art program (Watercolor and water techniques) was presented, and through it women would develop, with plastic and artistic languages, experiences of well-being, enjoyment, connecting with their children and discovering new health spaces.  Keywords: watercolor, wellness, empowerment, gypsy, mothers, women   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.10.12705   

O Ilê Axé Nagô Oxaguiã: um Terreiro de Candomblé e Jurema no sertão (Semiárido) da Região Nordeste do Brasil.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira Junior
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Well Being ◽  
African Culture ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
De Se ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Communities

Sinopse:Desde 2010 o Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã encontra-se em atividade na cidade de Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, trazendo consigo segmento de Candomblé da nação Nagô e o segmento da Jurema.No ano de 2016, o Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã, através de seu representante, Pai Aderbal, passa a integrar o Conselho do Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Território da Cidadania do Seridó, compondo a Câmara de Comunidades Tradicionais; que agrega representantes de comunidades quilombolas, Ordem do Rosário, Casas de Candomblé.O Candomblé de Pai Aderbal está sendo visto como instituição de referência para a academia (alguns projetos acontecem em parceria com a UFRN), para a Secretaria de Saúde e Assistência Social. Houve o reconhecimento deste terreiro como local de referência de bem-estar para pessoas de baixa renda (em maior número). Na atualidade, o terreiro avança no sentido de se tornar legal juridicamente. É o primeiro passo em sua afirmação política e social enquanto instituição que agrega valores da cultura africana e ameríndia na região do Seridó.sinopsis:Since 2010, Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã is active in the city of Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, bringing with it segment of Candomblé of Nagô nation and the segment of Jurema.In 2016, Ilê Axé Nagô Ôxáguiã, through its representative, Father Aderbal, becomes part of the Sustainable Development Council of the Seridó Citizenship Territory, composing the Chamber of Traditional Communities; Which includes representatives of quilombola communities, Ordem do Rosário, Casas de Candomblé.The Candomblé of Pai Aderbal is being seen as a reference institution for the academy (some projects happen in partnership with UFRN), for the Secretariat of Health and Social Assistance. There was recognition of this terreiro as a place of reference of well-being for people of low income (in greater number). At present, the terreiro advances in the sense of becoming juridically legal. It is the first step in its political and social affirmation as an institution that adds values of the African culture in the region of Seridó.Palabras-chave:Candomblé, Jurema, Caicó.KeyWords: Candomblé, Jurema, Caicó.Ficha técnica:Autora:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorFotografias: Acervo do Autor: Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorDireção, Edição de Imagem e Texto: Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorFicha técnica:Autora:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorFotografía:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira JuniorDirección:Geraldo Barboza de Oliveira Junior

Survey of household hazardous waste generation and collection preferences in the City of Vancouver

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Jones ◽  
J. W. Atwater
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Household Hazardous Waste ◽  
The City ◽  
Collection Programs ◽  
Collection Program

A survey of over 200 households in Vancouver was conducted to determine stored quantities and generation characteristics of household hazardous wastes (HHW). Respondents were also asked to identify their preferences and concerns regarding the design of a collection program for these wastes. The results were used to estimate the quantities of HHW disposed of annually, and the quantities and profiles of wastes that could be received at a typical depot collection program in the City. Different operating parameters for both depot collection programs and household collection programs were compared and evaluated for effectiveness. Public willingness to participate in different collection programs was evaluated, and the collection needs of different residential areas were assessed. Several differences in waste generation and public willingness to participate were noted between areas of apartment dwellers and detached residence dwellers, and of high and low income levels. Recommendations were made to assist in the design of an effective HHW collection program for the City of Vancouver. Alternatives for the design of a collection program were developed. Key words: household hazardous waste, solid waste, household waste, hazardous waste, waste collection, small quantity generator, waste generation, special waste.

scholarly journals How the City of Utrecht develops a Health and Equity in all Policies approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Weber
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
The City

Abstract Public health policy, spatial and environmental policies are within the Dutch municipalities’ competencies. In 2021 a new act will be implemented, in which todays’ more sectoral acts and decrees will be integrated into the so-called (Healthy) Living environment act. This will require more integrated, inter-sectoral and multi-level governance approaches. And new topics and societal challenges, such as health, sustainability and resilience, are introduced within the physical planning domains. Dutch reviews learn that public health and social domains are collaborating quite well at the local level. The cooperation and integration of health, environmental and spatial planning, on the other hand, often is less or even absent. In Utrecht, though, the latter inter-sectoral approach is strong; health in all policies has been the ‘mantra’ since several years. Supported and institutionalized through strong political leadership, and inter-disciplinary teams at neighbourhood and city level, for policy development and implementation in line with the city’s ambitions of Healthy Urban Living for Everybody. Utrecht is the healthiest and fastest growing city in the Netherlands, and aims to use its growth (in population, jobs, houses, etc.) to address health inequalities. The city is linking spatial challenges with social challenges, building and improving houses and residential areas for all citizens. A new initiative, called social renovations, will be explored and reviewed within the JAHEE process. This initiative addresses many of the relevant topics, such as healthy living environment planning, stakeholder involvement and specifically reaching ‘hard to reach groups’, and improving housing and public space conditions and subsequently health and well-being of vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Fig. 7. Maps of census tracts in the City of Johannesburg district municipality. Census tracts are colored by relative street greenness (A, D), income (B) and race (C, E). The height of census tracts in D and E represents income. Empty space within the city represents non-residential areas that were not accounted for in the 2011 census.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zander S Venter ◽  
Charlie M. Shackleton ◽  
Francini Van Staden ◽  
Odirile Sebogoe ◽  
Vanessa A Masterson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Urban South ◽  
The City

<p>Urban green infrastructure provides ecosystem services that are essential to human wellbeing. A dearth of national-scale assessments in the Global South has precluded the ability to explore how political regimes, such as the forced racial segregation in South Africa during and after Apartheid, have influenced the extent of and access to green infrastructure over time. We investigate whether there are disparities in green infrastructure distributions across race and income geographies in urban South Africa. Using open-source satellite imagery and geographic information, along with national census statistics, we find that public and private green infrastructure is more abundant, accessible, greener and more treed in high-income relative to low-income areas, and in areas where previously advantaged racial groups (i.e. White citizens) reside.</p><br>

scholarly journals COMBINED EFFECTS OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT ON THE WELL-BEING OF THE CITY POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Alexandra Alekseevna KORMINA
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Population ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The method of assessing the impact of factors of diff erent nature on the components of the city’s living environment that determine favorable living conditions and the well-being of the population is considered. It is statistically established that the variety of factors should be taken into account when assessing and normalizing the combination of multifactorial impacts on demographic and social processes occurring in the urban environment. Combinations of the most signifi cant interacting factors and statistical models based on them can be taken into account when predicting the level of morbidity, the dynamics of migration processes, the family well-being of the population, and others. The developed models and assessment methodology can serve as a tool to support management decision-making to ensure a high level of quality of life of the population and urban development of residential areas.

scholarly journals Food access, mobility, and transportation: a survey and key informant interviews of users of non-profit food hubs in the City of Vancouver before and during the COVID-19 crisis

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rajasooriar ◽  
Tammara Soma
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Food System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Food Hubs ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The City

Abstract Background In the City of Vancouver, Canada, non-profit food hubs such as food banks, neighbourhood houses, community centres, and soup kitchens serve communities that face food insecurity. Food that is available yet inaccessible cannot ensure urban food security. This study seeks to highlight food access challenges, especially in terms of mobility and transportation, faced by users of non-profit food hubs in the City of Vancouver before and during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods This study involved an online survey (n = 84) and semi-structured follow-up key informant interviews (n = 10) with individuals at least 19 years old who accessed food at a non-profit food hub located in the City of Vancouver more than once before and during the COVID-19 crisis. Results 88.5% of survey respondents found food obtained from non-profit food hubs to be either very or somewhat important to their household’s overall diet. In their journey to access food at non-profit food hubs in the City of Vancouver, many survey respondents face barriers such as transportation distance/time, transportation inconveniences/reliability/accessibility, transportation costs, line-ups at non-profit food hubs, and schedules of non-profit food hubs. Comments from interview participants corroborate these barriers. Conclusions Drawing from the findings, this study recommends that non-profit food hubs maintain a food delivery option and that the local transportation authority provides convenient and reliable paratransit service. Furthermore, this study recommends that the provincial government considers subsidizing transit passes for low-income households, that the provincial and/or federal governments consider bolstering existing government assistance programs, and that the federal government considers implementing a universal basic income. This study emphasizes how the current two-tier food system perpetuates stigma and harms the well-being of marginalized populations in the City of Vancouver in their journey to obtain food.

THE PEDIATRICIAN AND THE PUBLIC

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
The People ◽  
Special Value ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Cost

Our National Health Service is provided by all the people for all the people and not by the rich for the poor (although those who pay heavy income taxes pay more), and not only by the provident themselves. Medical investigation and treatment were becoming more and more complex and costly, but under our Health Service modern hospital facilities are available to all, and the medical expenses of an illness need no longer cause a financial crisis in any home. In times of depression the medical and social services should be of special value. There were bound to be faults and anomalies in a service introduced quickly—some would say too quickly—but these will be removed in time. Hospitals need to be enlarged and improved in many Regions but this will be done when our national financial and material shortages are overcome. It may be that major adjustments will be required in our national medical set-up, but it is better that these should come, in the British way, after trial and error than after apparent perfection on paper at the onset. The cost of the Hospital Service is great, and needless expenditure must be cut out. Some feel that the cost of administration is too high and that there is some needless filling-in of forms and reports by office staffs. There is a tendency for uniformity to develop in the methods of approach to problems, and we in Britain should remember ember that there is no need for uniformity in all matters in the different Regions, for they have different geographies, histories and cultures. It is felt by our profession that in any national service we must be on our guard to preserve the privacy of the doctor-patient relationship, to preserve the opportunities already given to the medical profession to play an active part in the management of the Health Service, to hold fast to the traditions and spirit of the different hospitals, and to keep the Service from being the plaything of party politics. In any national scheme it is necessary to safeguard our freedom; freedom, I mean, to do what we ought to do. There is a tendency at times for the actual administration to bulk too largely in the minds of the administrators, and they must remember that medicine is not a static thing but the progressive and dynamic science and art of looking after the health and well-being of individual men, women and children. Our National Hospital and Consultant Service, I believe, is proving a success, and has been good for medicine in general and for paediatrics in particular.

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