scholarly journals A Real-time Breast Hyperthermia Monitoring Scheme Based on Processing of Microwave Scattering Parameters with Deep Learning

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Yilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Akinci ◽  
Enes Girgin ◽  
Hulusi Önal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Scattering Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

This study proposes a new method based on deep learning to determine whether the temperature values ​​are at an appropriate level during the use of microwave hyperthermia method in the treatment of breast cancer. To implement our method, we utilize the temperature dependent dielectric properties of biological tissues to generate the heating scenarios that simulates the thermal behavior of biological tissue during the breast cancer hyperthermia treatment. Using the temperature-dependent dielectric properties we designated corresponding temperature thresholds, next, we labeled the malignant tumor region and the healthy tissue region in accordance with the pre-determined thresholds. In addition, scattering problems are solved based on treatment (hot or heated) and pre-treatment (cool) scenarios. Using the difference between hot and cool states, we train, test, and validate the CNN. Our main purpose in the project is to determine whether the tissue is heated in the desired temperature region using only the single frequency differential scattered electric field data.

scholarly journals A Real-time Breast Hyperthermia Monitoring Scheme Based on Processing of Microwave Scattering Parameters with Deep Learning

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Yilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Akinci ◽  
Enes Girgin ◽  
Hulusi Önal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Scattering Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

This study proposes a new method based on deep learning to determine whether the temperature values ​​are at an appropriate level during the use of microwave hyperthermia method in the treatment of breast cancer. To implement our method, we utilize the temperature dependent dielectric properties of biological tissues to generate the heating scenarios that simulates the thermal behavior of biological tissue during the breast cancer hyperthermia treatment. Using the temperature-dependent dielectric properties we designated corresponding temperature thresholds, next, we labeled the malignant tumor region and the healthy tissue region in accordance with the pre-determined thresholds. In addition, scattering problems are solved based on treatment (hot or heated) and pre-treatment (cool) scenarios. Using the difference between hot and cool states, we train, test, and validate the CNN. Our main purpose in the project is to determine whether the tissue is heated in the desired temperature region using only the single frequency differential scattered electric field data.

scholarly journals Ultra-Wideband Temperature Dependent Dielectric Spectroscopy of Porcine Tissue and Blood in the Microwave Frequency Range

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ley ◽  
Susanne Schilling ◽  
Ondrej Fiser ◽  
Jan Vrba ◽  
Jürgen Sachs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Animal Liver ◽  
Cole Model ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies

The knowledge of frequency and temperature dependent dielectric properties of tissue is essential to develop ultra-wideband diagnostic technologies, such as a non-invasive temperature monitoring system during hyperthermia treatment. To this end, we characterized the dielectric properties of animal liver, muscle, fat and blood in the microwave frequency range from 0.5 GHz to 7 GHz and in the temperature range between 30 °C and 50 °C. The measured data were modeled to a two-pole Cole-Cole model and a second-order polynomial was introduced to fit the Cole-Cole parameters as a function of temperature. The parametric model provides access to the dielectric properties of tissue at any frequency and temperature in the specified range.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Breast Cancer Cell with Gold Nanoparticles Necrosis by Laser Hyperthermia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Shna A. Karim ◽  
Yousif M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Hyperthermia Treatment ◽  
Laser Hyperthermia

Laser hyperthermia treatment of cancer tissue is widely used in cancer treatment to destroy cancer cells. This study focus on the mechanisms of heat transfer in biological tissues to minimize damage to the tissues resulting from extra heat applied. The important feature of this method is heating of specific region to raise its temperature to a threshold temperature and destroying cancer cells without to destroy surrounding tissue. In this study, we have used the combinations of laser light and gold nanoparticles to investigate the influence of nanoparticles on the spatial distribution of temperature in the tumor and healthy tissues. Accurate simulations and solving Penne’s bio-heat transfer equation were used to solve and model the thermal tumor breast cancer in the presence of gold. Nanoparticles of some particular sizes and concentrations were selected. We would like here to stress that our attempt was a theoretical and computer model with some real and hypothesized parameters and homogeneous target. The results of this study help the doctors in the study for results of hyperthermia treatment before using it on the vivo by known the properties of the laser used and the properties of the breast tumor trying to reduce the damage of the treatment.

scholarly journals Dielectric Properties of Ovine Heart at Microwave Frequencies

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Niko Ištuk ◽  
Emily Porter ◽  
Declan O’Loughlin ◽  
Barry McDermott ◽  
Adam Santorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Debye Model ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Electromagnetic Modeling ◽  
Microwave Frequencies ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Different Parts

Accurate knowledge of the dielectric properties of biological tissues is important in dosimetry studies and for medical diagnostic, monitoring and therapeutic technologies. In particular, the dielectric properties of the heart are used in numerical simulations of radiofrequency and microwave heart ablation. In one recent study, it was demonstrated that the dielectric properties of different components of the heart can vary considerably, contrary to previous literature that treated the heart as a homogeneous organ with measurements that ignored the anatomical location. Therefore, in this study, we record and report the dielectric properties of the heart as a heterogeneous organ. We measured the dielectric properties at different locations inside and outside of the heart over the 500 MHz to 20 GHz frequency range. Different parts of the heart were identified based on the anatomy of the heart and their function; they include the epicardium, endocardium, myocardium, exterior and interior surfaces of atrial appendage, and the luminal surface of the great vessels. The measured dielectric properties for each part of the heart are reported at both a single frequency (2.4 GHz), which is of interest in microwave medical applications, and as parameters of a broadband Debye model. The results show that in terms of dielectric properties, different parts of the heart should not be considered the same, with more than 25% difference in dielectric properties between some parts. The specific Debye models and single frequency dielectric properties from this study can be used to develop more detailed models of the heart to be used in electromagnetic modeling.

Temperature-Dependent Logic Failure in a GaAs Power Amplifier-Duplexer Module Caused by a Subtle Parasitic Schottky Diode

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Emergo ◽  
Steve Brockett ◽  
Pat Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Schottky Diode ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Collector Junction ◽  
Power Mode ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Base Contact ◽  
Single Power

Abstract A single power amplifier-duplexer device was submitted by a customer for analysis. The device was initially considered passing when tested against the production test. However, further electrical testing suggested that the device was stuck in a single power mode for a particular frequency band at cold temperatures only. This paper outlines the systematic isolation of a parasitic Schottky diode formed by a base contactcollector punch through process defect that pulled down the input of a NOR gate leading to the incorrect logic state. Note that this parasitic Schottky diode is parallel to the basecollector junction. It was observed that the logic failure only manifested at colder temperatures because the base contact only slightly diffused into the collector layer. Since the difference in the turn-on voltages between the base-collector junction and the parasitic Schottky diode increases with decreasing temperature, the effect of the parasitic diode is only noticeable at lower temperatures.

Comparison of Mammography and Ultrasonography for Tumor Size of DCIS of Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jiantao Wang ◽  
Haiping Wang ◽  
Xinyu Yang ◽  
Liming Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Dense Breast ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Accurate assessment of breast tumor size preoperatively is important for the initial decision-making in surgical approach. Therefore, we aimed to compare efficacy of mammography and ultrasonography in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of breast cancer. Methods: Preoperative mammography and ultrasonography were performed on 104 women with DCIS of breast cancer. We compared the accuracy of each of the imaging modalities with pathological size by Pearson correlation. For each modality, it was considered concordant if the difference between imaging assessment and pathological measurement is less than 0.5cm. Results: At pathological examination tumor size ranged from 0.4cm to 7.2cm in largest diameter. For mammographically determined size versus pathological size, correlation coefficient of r was 0.786 and for ultrasonography it was 0.651. Grouped by breast composition, in almost entirely fatty and scattered areas of fibroglandular dense breast, correlation coefficient of r was 0.790 for mammography and 0.678 for ultrasonography; in heterogeneously dense and extremely dense breast, correlation coefficient of r was 0.770 for mammography and 0.548 for ultrasonography. In microcalcification positive group, coeffient of r was 0.772 for mammography and 0.570 for ultrasonography. In microcalcification negative group, coeffient of r was 0.806 for mammography and 0.783 for ultrasonography. Conclusion: Mammography was more accurate than ultrasonography in measuring the largest cancer diameter in DCIS of breast cancer. The correlation coefficient improved in the group of almost entirely fatty/ scattered areas of fibroglandular dense breast or in microcalcification negative group.

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