scholarly journals Remanufacturing: strategies to enhance the life extension of short-cycle building products

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Cinzia Talamo ◽  
Monica Lavagna ◽  
Carol Monticelli ◽  
Alessandra Zanelli ◽  
Andrea Campioli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Building Products ◽  
Replacement Process ◽  
Residual Performance

This essay explores the issues of reuse and remanufacturing in the construction sector, considered to be key strategies for circularity and value conservation, based on the extension of product life through multiple use cycles. The main levers for boosting the logic of reuse and remanufacturing are investigated, as well as the major barriers that hinder their spread. In particular, the focus is on the components coming from the renovation of tertiary buildings (offices, accommodation, exhibitions, retail), characterised by short use cycles. These components are the most suitable for innovative remanufacturing experiments, since they are distinguished by high economic value and high residual performance after the replacement process.

scholarly journals An integrated approach to identification and conservation of medicinal plants in the tropical forest—a Brazilian experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Toxicological Studies

An integrated and interdisciplinary research programme with native medicinal plants from tropical forests has been performed in order to obtain new forest products for sustainable use in regional markets vis-à-vis ecosystem conservation. For the success of this programme ethnopharmacological studies are very important with respect to (i) identification of useful plants including medicinal and aromatic species; (ii) recuperation and preservation of traditional knowledge about native plants; and (iii) identification of potential plants with economic value. The plants are selected with a view to evaluate efficacy and safety (pharmacological and toxicological studies), and phytochemical profile and quality control (phytochemical and chromatographic characterization). These studies are very important to add value to plant products and also to mitigate unscrupulous exploitation of medicinal plants by local communities, since multiple use of plants represents an excellent strategy for sustaining the tropical ecosystem through ex situ and in situ conservation. Thus, conservation of tropical resources is possible in conjunction with improvements in the quality of life of the traditional communities and production of new products with therapeutic, cosmetic and ‘cosmeceutic’ value.

Returns to education in Russia: Nowhere below?

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-68
Author(s):  
R. I. Kapeliushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Russian Education

The paper presents a wide set of estimates for returns to education in Russia, introducing a number of new sources of microdata that previosly remained unused by both Russian and foreign researchers. Until now virtually all available estimates for Russia were based on data from a single source — The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE). According to these data, since the mid-2000s returns to education rapidly declined and have dropped to abnormally low levels. The paper tests the thesis of ultra-low economic value of Russian education using data from three alternative representative surveys regularly conducted by Rosstat. The analysis shows that currently returns to education in Russia reach 12—13%, which is much higher than the standard RLMS estimates. University-type tertiary education almost doubles earnings (its premium approaches to 100%), and even short-cycle tertiary education provides a premium of about 20—30%. Alternative sources also indicate that over the past 15 years, returns to education in Russia remained stable and, therefore, no decreasing trend in the economic value of education has been observed. This makes it possible to reject the currently popular thesis about abnormally low returns to education in Russia.

scholarly journals A Lexical Approach to Estimating Environmental Goods and Services Output in the Construction Sector via Soft Classification of Enterprise Activity Descriptions Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-651
Author(s):  
Gerard Keogh
Keyword(s):  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Text String ◽  
Lexical Approach ◽  
Dirichlet Allocation

Abstract The research question addressed here is whether the semantic value implicit in environmental terms in an activity description text string, can be translated into economic value for firms in the construction sector. We address this question using a relatively new applied statistical method called Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). We first identify a satellite register of firms in construction sector that engage in some form of environmental work. From these we construct a vocabulary of meaningful words. Then, for each firm in turn on this satellite register we take its activity description text string and process this string with LDA. This softly-classifies the descriptions on the satellite register into just seven environmentally relevant topics. With this seven-topic classification we proceed to extract a statistically meaningful weight of evidence associated with environmental terms in each activity description. This weight is applied to the associated firm’s overall output value recorded on our national Business Register to arrive at a supply side estimate of the firm’s EGSS value. On this basis we find the EGSS estimate for construction in Ireland in 2013 is about EURO 229m. We contrast this estimate with estimates from other countries obtained by demand side methods and show it compares satisfactorily, thereby enhancing its credibility. Our method also has the advantage that it provides a breakdown of EGSS output by EU environmental classifications (CEPA/CReMA) as these align closely to discovered topics. We stress the success of this application of LDA relies greatly on our small vocabulary which is constructed directly from the satellite register.

The Internet of Things

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Bughin ◽  
Michael Chui
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Physical World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
Industrial Operations ◽  
Industrial Adoption ◽  
Self Driving Cars ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (“IoT”), networks of connected machines and sensors with the ability to monitor and manage objects in the physical world electronically, has substantial economic potential. IoT technology has a wide range of applications, such as optimizing the performance of industrial operations and infrastructure systems; coordinating self-driving cars; managing the energy efficiency and security of homes and offices; and monitoring patients remotely. Drawing on a body of research by the McKinsey Global Institute (most notably, The Internet of Things: Mapping the value beyond the hype, June 2015), this chapter finds that the IoT could generate anywhere from $3.9 trillion to $11.1 trillion in annual economic impact by 2025. We arrive at these figures through a bottom-up quantification of economic surplus that examines multiple use cases clustered in nine types of settings where IoT technology has relevance. We also highlight some of the fundamental enablers that will be necessary for this value to be realized, including industrial adoption, interoperability standards, cybersecurity, and regulatory certainty regarding issues such as data sharing and liability. While these factors are not yet certain, we conclude that the current hype of IoT is somewhat justified. Indeed, if these issues are resolved quickly and fully, the eventual economic value may exceed current expectations.

Sustainability of the Construction Sector in Poland in Comparison to other Economic Sectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 776-782
Author(s):  
Agata Mesjasz-Lech
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Linear Ordering ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Business Entities

In various sectors in Poland, aims of sustainable development are being implemented more or less successfully. It is necessary to apply the principles of sustainable development to the human behaviour and activity of business entities, because there are more and more activities particularly harmful to the natural environment. The implemented modern technologies aimed at the elimination of (or eliminating) the negative impact of human and business activities on the natural environment, are bringing the desired results as far as the protection of individual natural resources is concerned. Inability to define the economic value of the natural resources results in their constant, excessive exploitation and degradation. However, the growing awareness of the environmental issue in Poland is resulting in the application of technologies that protect individual natural resources. The paper attempts to determine the measures of sustainable development of construction sector in the scope of economic and environmental order, and to classify all of the economic sectors in Poland in accordance with the achieved level sustainability. For this purpose one has used the numerical taxonomy methods, and in particular the methods of linear ordering of objects (that involve projection of the objects from a multidimensional space of features onto a straight line), called the methods of multidimensional comparative analysis. The measures were designed based on available statistical data from 2012. The purpose of this article is comparison the construction sector to each other and to find out which sectors are similar to each other in terms of sustainability level, and to find sectors that have managed to achieve the best results in this regard.

scholarly journals Credit Absorption Capacity of Businesses in the Construction Sector of the Czech Republic—Analysis Based on the Difference in Values of EVA Entity and EVA Equity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9078
Author(s):  
Jakub Horak ◽  
Petr Suler ◽  
Jaroslav Kollmann ◽  
Jan Marecek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Difference

The contribution deals with the economic value added and its influence on credit absorption capacity. The aim was to determine the significance of the difference between the economic value added (EVA) entity and EVA equity indicators on credit absorption by the construction sector in the Czech Republic. The data came from the Albertina database of Bisnode Czech Republic for the period 2012–2018; small and medium-sized enterprises, in particular, were selected. The most important factor for calculating the amount of credit absorption depends on the EVA entity indicator and the weighted average cost of capital. The calculations produced negative values for credit absorption, which reflects an unattractive investment climate for business owners and their creditors. In other words, loans sought by enterprises in the Czech construction sector do not lead to a greater degree of realization of their goals, i.e., an increase in value for shareholders.

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