scholarly journals Biological Nitrogen Fixation and Productivity of Soybean in Maize-Soybean Intercrop under Tillage and Bradyrhizobium Inoculation on Alfisols of Northern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Inoculation

A field study was conducted in the 2011 cropping season to investigate the effect of tillage and bradyrhizobium inoculation of soybean on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and yield components in maize-soybean intercropping systems. Treatments comprised of two tillage practices (conventional tillage (CT) and reduced tillage (RT)) as the main plot and bradyrhizobium inoculation at four levels (inoculated sole soybean, inoculated soybean/maize intercrop, uninoculated sole soybean, and uninoculated soybean/maize intercrop) as sub-plot. The treatments were laid in a split-plot under a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that BNF and nitrogen derived from atmospheric (Ndfa) were significantly higher under RT than CT by 4.18 and 0.10 %, respectively. The BNF was consistently higher in the maize-soybean intercropping system with soybean inoculated with bradyrhizobium than in the uninoculated. BNF was 28.0 % higher in inoculated sole soybean and 80.2 % higher in inoculated maize-soybean intercrop than the uninoculated sole and intercropping system. Similarly, grain yield was 31.0 % higher in the inoculated sole soybean than the uninoculated sole and 33.7 % higher in inoculated maize/soybean intercrop than in the uninoculated intercrop. Biomass yields under inoculatedsole soybean and maize-soybean intercrop, respectively, were significantly higher than in uninoculated sole soybean and maize-soybean intercrop by 30.99and 33.66% for inoculated and uninoculated soybean sole and 34.44 and 30.40 % for inoculated and uninoculated intercrop. The results demonstrated that integrating bradyrhizobium inoculants and tillage will improve N fixation and productivity in maize-soybeanbased intercropping systems in Alfisols of Northern savannah.

scholarly journals Multivariate analysis and determination of the best indirect selection criteria to genetic improvement the biological nitrogen fixation ability in common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Genetika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Golparvar
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

In order to determine the best indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of biological nitrogen fixation, sixty four common bean genotypes were cultivated in two randomized complete block design. Genotypes were inoculated with bacteria Rhizobium legominosarum biovar Phaseoli isolate L-109 only in one of the experiments. The second experiment was considered as check for the first. Correlation analysis showed positive and highly significant correlation of majority of the traits with percent of nitrogen fixation. Step-wise regression designated that traits percent of total nitrogen of shoot, number of nodule per plant and biological yield accounted for 92.3 percent of variation exist in percent of nitrogen fixation. Path analysis indicated that these traits have direct and positive effect on percent of nitrogen fixation. Hence, these traits are promising indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of nitrogen fixation capability in common bean genotypes especially in early generations.

The influence of tillage and crop rotation on nitrogen fixation in lentil and pea

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Matus ◽  
D. A. Derksen ◽  
F. L. Walley ◽  
H. A. Loeppky ◽  
C. van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Direct seeding into standing stubble and crop diversification are two practices that are becoming widely adopted in western Canada. This study was conducted to determine: i) the influence of zero and conventional tillage on N-fixation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and pea (Pisum sativum L.), and ii) the effect of cropping history on N-fixation in lentil. Data were obtained from a crop rotation experiment being conducted on a silty clay soil in east-central Saskatchewan, which included six cereal-oilseed-cereal-pulse rotations, each managed using zero and conventional tillage practices. The finding showed that N-fixation was 10% higher by lentil and 31% higher by pea when grown using zero tillage as compared to conventional tillage practices. On average, lentil grown in highly diversified crop rotations fixed 12% more nitrogen than when grown in less diversified crop rotations. Key words: Nitrogen fixation, lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus), pea (Pisum sativum L.), zero tillage, conventional tillage

scholarly journals Potential Impacts of Changing Precipitation Patterns on Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean (Glycine Max L.) as Mediated by Landscape Position and Tillage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Glanville ◽  
G. Philip Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
N Transformations ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
No Till ◽  
Rainfall Patterns ◽  
A Site ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Abstract PurposeExpected changes in rainfall patterns will affect the timing of N-mineralization and other N transformations, potentially promoting or suppressing biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). We test the hypotheses that BNF is more sensitive to changing rainfall patterns in summit vs. toeslope positions and in till vs. no-till consistent with patterns of soil texture and organic matter.MethodsAt a site in the upper Midwest USA, we measured soybean BNF 15N natural abundance at different landscape positions with and without supplemental rainfall and in till vs. no-till rainfall exclusion shelters to lengthen the dry periods between rainfall events. ResultsSoybean BNF was 41% higher at summit than toeslope positions, consistent with lower soil OM and coarser texture at summits. When precipitation was increased by 20%, BNF decreased at summit positions and was unaffected at toeslope positions. In a separate tillage experiment, with 3-week (but not 2-week) rainfall intervals, %BNF decreased 15% under conventional tillage and increased 14% under no-till. ConclusionsChanging rainfall patterns affected BNF differentially depending on landscape position and tillage in well-drained Alfisols. BNF was greater in summit than in toeslope positions and decreased with added rainfall. BNF under conventional tillage was more sensitive to longer rainfall intervals than was BNF under no-till. Models that incorporate these interactions will be better able to characterize legume crop performance and N use across landscapes and improve global estimates for BNF.

scholarly journals The value of N-fixation to pastoral agriculture in New Zealand

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
T.W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Agriculture Sustainability ◽  
Grass Growth ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

White clover in New Zealand fixes nitrogen equivalent to 4.5 million tonnes of urea annually. Experiments on the tactical use of about 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 to stimulate grass growth when clovers are less active indicate that it is generally profitable, but much heavier dressings have rarely been shown to pay at current cost/price structures. The significance of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) cannot be measured solely by dry matter yields as the quality of herbage is influenced by the contribution of clover and affects yields of animal products and health. Our dependence on BNF gives us a relatively low energycost system of pastoral farming because of the high energy cost of producing fertiliser-N and is therefore more sustainable. The heavy use of fertiliser-N suppresses clover growth and N-fixation, increases losses of ammonia and nitrous oxide to the air and nitrate in drainage water. The extra stock carried leads to greater emission of methane. Reliance on clovers may give lower production but lessens damage to the environment. Keywords: biological nitrogen fixation, energy costs, environment, fertiliser nitrogen, pastoral agriculture, sustainability

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FIXATION STABILITY OF COWPEA CULTIVARS WITH TROPICAL SEMI-ARID RHIZOBIAL STRAINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-369
Author(s):  
AMANDA CORDEIRO DE MELO SOUZA ◽  
THIAGO PONTES LIRA ◽  
ANTONIO FÉLIX DA COSTA ◽  
FELIPE JOSÉ CURY FRACETTO ◽  
GISELLE GOMES MONTEIRO FRACETTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Arid Soils ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) are an economically and socially important legume in northern and north-eastern Brazil and can establish effective symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. We evaluated the symbiotic compatibility and efficiency of rhizobial strains from Pernambuco semi-arid soils and determined their symbiotic stability on the IPA-206, BR 17-Gurguéia, and BRS Novaera cultivars, selected for different environments. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to evaluate a 3 × 28 factorial arrangement (cultivars selected for different environments × inoculation with the currently recommended strain, uninoculated plants with or without mineral nitrogen, and 25 rhizobial strains from semi-arid soils) in a randomized block design with four replicates. We determined nodule number, shoot and root dry matter, nodule dry matter by nodule number, nitrogen accumulated in the shoot by nodule dry matter, nitrogen content and accumulation in the shoot, relative efficiency of the recommended strain based on nitrogen accumulation, and shoot dry matter. Overall, the cultivars responded differently to different strains and cultivar biological nitrogen fixation potential. Strains G7.85 and BR 3262 showed potential for biological nitrogen fixation. BR 3262 was confirmed to be adequate for inoculation of different cowpea cultivars.

Increasing biological nitrogen fixation by white clover-rhizobia symbiosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengjing Shi ◽  
Laura Villamizar ◽  
Emily Gerard ◽  
Clive Ronson ◽  
Steve Wakelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia through legume–rhizobia symbiosis. The nitrogen fixed by rhizobia in root nodules is available for plant use. This process can be harnessed to improve N fertility on farm. Field surveys across New Zealand (NZ), within a farm and within paddocks, have revealed large spatial variability of rhizobial population size and symbiotic effectiveness with white clover. These results indicate that naturalised rhizobia may not be supporting optimal BNF. Over 500 strains of clover-nodulating rhizobia were isolated from NZ pasture soils, with more than 90 demonstrating greater N-fixation capacity with white clover than the commercial inoculant strain TA1. Seven NZ isolates were tested for nodule occupancy and all seven had significantly higher occupancy rates than TA1 in an in vitro assay, indicating increased competitiveness of those strains. In addition, novel seed-coating technology improved the survival of TA1 and isolate S10N9 from 1 month to more than 4 months compared with a standard coating formulation. There is potential to increase the symbiotic capacity of white clover in pastures through use of more effective and competitive rhizobial strains, along with their improved survival on seed provided by a new coating technology.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.walp) Genotypes for Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Maize-cowpea Crop Rotation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Simunji Simunji ◽  
Kalaluka L. Munyinda ◽  
Obed I. Lungu ◽  
Alice M. Mweetwa ◽  
Elijah Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
15N Urea ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a major plant nutrient which is most limiting in the soil due to soil losses of mineral nitrogen (N) form. To ensure availability of nitrogen in the soil, the study was conducted to screen four cowpea genotypes for Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) and their contribution to maize yield in maize- cowpea rotation. The cowpea genotypes used were mutants LT11-3-3-12 (LT) and BB14-16-2-2 (BB) and their parental varieties Lutembwe (LTPRT) and Bubebe (BBPRT) respectively. Trials were established at two sites (Chisamba and Batoka) of different soil types. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Labelled 15N urea was applied at 20kgNha-1 on the four cowpea genotypes during 2015/16 growing season. Cowpea plant parts were dried and milled for 15N isotopic analysis. The data collected included Nitrogen content and atom % 15N excess in the fixing cowpea genotypes and non-nitrogen fixing pearl millet to determine total nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (TNdfa) and total nitrogen (TN) in plant parts which were further used to compute Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF). The results showed that BNF by cowpea genotypes at Chisamba was 63.9 kg ha-1 and was significantly (P<0.001) more than BNF of 6.6 kgha-1 at Batoka. The LT mutant fixed significantly (P<0.001) higher nitrogen of 86.1 kgha-1 and 16.5kg ha-1 at Chisamba and Batoka respectively than other genotypes. However, both BB and LT mutants significantly fixed more nitrogen than their parents and have demonstrated to increase maize grain yields up-to 12 tha-1 in the maize – cowpea rotation.

scholarly journals Technical and economic viability of co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean cultivars in the Cerrado

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando S. Galindo ◽  
Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽  
Salatier Buzetti ◽  
Mariana G. Z. Ludkiewicz ◽  
Poliana A. L. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

ABSTRACT Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) efficiency can be increased by co-inoculation with bradyrhizobia and Azospirillum brasilense, allowing even greater uptake of water and nutrients, leading to higher yields. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the technical and economic viability of soybean in the Cerrado, according to the cultivars and co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. The experiment was conducted in Selvíria, MS, in no-tillage system, in Oxisol, arranged in a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme with two cultivars (‘Potência’ and ‘Valiosa’), with and without co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in the seed. Co-inoculation with A. brasilense increases grain yield in the cultivars ‘Potência’ and ‘Valiosa’, being economically viable. However, using the cultivar ‘Potência’ co-inoculated led to the highest profitability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rhizobia strains UFLA 02 100 and CIAT 899 in line LEP 02 11 of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiele Uliana Facco ◽  
Carlos Alberto de Bastos Andrade ◽  
Guilherme Fernando Capristo Silva ◽  
Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior ◽  
Ana Claudia Sossai Souza
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

The growing quest for sustainability in agricultural production systems has been pushing researchers to develop new technologies under different soil and climatic conditions. Based on this, and knowing the socioeconomic importance of the bean, the use of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is explored. Thus, the quest for quantitative knowledge of BNF at the phenological stages in a new bean line using promising and commercial strains becomes necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate the strains UFLA 02 100 and CIAT 899 in the different phenological stages of the LEP 02 11 common bean strain using the biological nitrogen fixation. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse on the Maringá-PR campus of the State University of Maringá. The design was a randomized complete block design in a 6x4 factorial scheme with four replications. The factor A comprised six nitrogen sources: Control, strain UFLA 02 100, strain CIAT 899, Nitrogen 60 kg ha-1, strain UFLA 02 100 + Nitrogen 30 kg ha-1, strain CIAT 899 + Nitrogen 30 kg ha-1 and the B factor is the phenological stages V4, R5, R6 and R8. The analyzed variables were: dry mass of nodules (DMN, grams/plant), dry mass of shoot (DMS, grams/plant), nitrogen content in shoot (NCS, %) and accumulation of nitrogen in shoot (ANS, grams/plant). For the statistical analysis of the data, the means test was used for the variables in the stages. The CIAT 899 strain statistically outperformed UFLA 02 100 for most variables and it was found that nitrogen fertilization negatively affected nodulation.  

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