scholarly journals Relationship between motor-cognitive functions and hemodynamic response of individuals with chronic stroke during and after an acute bout of aerobic exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-282
Author(s):  
Samantha Helena do Carmo ◽  
Laércio Da Silva Paiva ◽  
Fernando Adami ◽  
Francisco Naildo Cardoso Leitão ◽  
Cleide Maria de Paula Rebouças ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Oxygen Pulse ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background: Individuals post-stroke commonly presents functional and cardiorespiratory deficits besides a physical inactivity lifestyle in the chronic phase of disease. Considering this, there is a hypothesis that hemodynamic responses could be affected by motor, cognitive and cardiorespiratory deficits during the aerobic exercise. In order to identify functional conditions that can influence the aerobic performance of these individuals, correlations between functional variables and hemodynamic responses during and after the aerobic exercise were studied. As a secondary purpose, the ability of return to hemodynamic resting state were also analyzed. Methods: In this experimental study, after being evaluated about their motor and cognitive function, balance and prognosis, forty participants underwent a 30-minute aerobic exercise session on a treadmill. Training heart rate, arterial blood pressure, oxygen pulse saturation, heart rate, and respiratory rate were measured before begin the exercise session, every five minutes during the exercise and five minutes after it.  Results: Cardiorespiratory parameters within normality limits in all phases of the exercise and the capacity of returning to the resting state were observed. Moderate inverse correlations were found between Berg Scale and oxygen pulse saturation (r=-0.401, p=0.01), between MMSE and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.406, p=0.009), age and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.435, p=0.005) and between injury time and RR (r=-0.454, p=0.003). Relationship between the lesion side and the 20 minute phase of aerobic exercise was also observed (p=0.042).   Conclusion: Post- stroke individuals present moderate correlation between hemodynamic and respiratory responses during aerobic exercise and balance, muscle strength, injury time, age and side of lesion. They also have the capacity to return to their cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular resting state right after the activity besides their cardiorespiratory deficits.

scholarly journals Oral clonidine versus intravenous fentanyl in attenuation of hemodynamic responses to larngoscopy and endotracheal intubation: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Rukmini G. ◽  
Srinivas M. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Oral Clonidine ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Fentanyl Group

Background: During endotracheal intubation, it has been observed that there is evolvement of the responses of the circulatory in nature. These are difficult to control using the IV anesthetic drugs. Hence various agents are tried to overcome this drawback. Objective of research work was to study efficacy of oral clonidine on hemodynamic responses compared to IV fentanyl while patients undergo larngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.Methods: The patients were allocated into two groups of 30 each. i.e. 30 patients in clonidine group and 30 patients in fentanyl group. All the patients received were pre-medicated with glycoprrolate 0.2mg, ondansetron 4mg and tramadol 1mg/kg body weight. Cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure,) were recorded at the following intervals: pre-induction, after induction, at endotracheal intubation, one minute, three minutes and five minutes after intubation.Results: The heart rate was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. The systolic blood pressure was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. Similar was the case with mean arterial blood pressure.Conclusions: Clonidine has been found to be more effective than IV fentanyl in stabilizing the cardiovascular parameters. Not only that orally it is easier to administer and cost effective.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic and perceptual responses to blood flow-restricted exercise among patients undergoing dialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (3) ◽  
pp. F843-F850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Clarkson ◽  
Catherine Brumby ◽  
Steve F. Fraser ◽  
Lawrence P. McMahon ◽  
Paul N. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Blood Flow Restricted Exercise

End-stage kidney disease is associated with reduced exercise capacity, muscle atrophy, and impaired muscle function. While these may be improved with exercise, single modalities of exercise do not traditionally elicit improvements across all required physiological domains. Blood flow-restricted exercise may improve all of these physiological domains with low intensities traditionally considered insufficient for these adaptions. Investigation of this technique appeals, but is yet to be evaluated, in patients undergoing dialysis. With the use of a progressive crossover design, 10 satellite patients undergoing hemodialysis underwent three exercise conditions over 2 wk: two bouts (10 min) of unrestricted cycling during two consecutive hemodialysis sessions ( condition 1), two bouts of cycling with blood flow restriction while off hemodialysis on 2 separate days ( condition 2), and two bouts of cycling with blood flow restriction during two hemodialysis sessions ( condition 3). Outcomes included hemodynamic responses (heart rate and blood pressure) throughout all sessions, participant-perceived exertion and discomfort on a Borg scale, and evaluation of ultrafiltration rates and dialysis adequacy (Kt/V) obtained post hoc. Hemodynamic responses were consistent regardless of condition. Significant increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure ( P < 0.05) were observed postexercise followed by a reduction in blood pressures during the 60-min recovery (12, 5, and 11 mmHg for systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures, respectively). Blood pressures returned to predialysis ranges following the recovery period. Blood flow restriction did not affect ultrafiltration achieved or Kt/V. Hemodynamic safety and tolerability of blood flow restriction during aerobic exercise on hemodialysis is comparable to standard aerobic exercise.

scholarly journals Heat stress alters hemodynamic responses during the Valsalva maneuver

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Davis ◽  
Craig G. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Arterial Blood

The Valsalva maneuver can be used as a noninvasive index of autonomic control of blood pressure and heart rate. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that sympathetic mediated vasoconstriction, as referenced by hemodynamic responses during late phase II (phase IIb) of the Valsalva maneuver, is inhibited during whole body heating. Seven individuals (5 men, 2 women) performed three Valsalva maneuvers (each at a 30-mmHg expiratory pressure for 15 s) during normothermia and again during whole body heating (increase sublingual temperature ∼0.8°C via water-perfused suit). Each Valsalva maneuver was separated by a minimum of 5 min. Beat-to-beat mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate were measured during each Valsalva maneuver, and responses for each phase were averaged across the three Valsalva maneuvers for both thermal conditions. Baseline MAP was not significantly different between normothermic (88 ± 11 mmHg) and heat stress (84 ± 9 mmHg) conditions. The change in MAP (ΔMAP) relative to pre-Valsalva MAP during phases IIa and IIb was significantly lower during heat stress (IIa = −20 ± 8 mmHg; IIb = −13 ± 7 mmHg) compared with normothermia (IIa = −1 ± 15 mmHg; IIb = 3 ± 13 mmHg). ΔMAP from pre-Valsalva baseline during phase IV was significantly higher during heat stress (25 ± 10 mmHg) compared with normothermia (8 ± 9 mmHg). Counter to the proposed hypothesis, the increase in MAP from the end of phase IIa to the end of phase IIb during heat stress was not attenuated. Conversely, this increase in MAP tended to be greater during heat stress relative to normothermia ( P = 0.06), suggesting that sympathetic activation may be elevated during this phase of the Valsalva while heat stressed. These data show that heat stress does not attenuate this index of vasoconstrictor responsiveness during the Valsalva maneuver.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Changes Depending on Exercising: Strength Exercise or Nordic Walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (96) ◽  
Author(s):  
Živilė Ščevinskaitė ◽  
Eugenijus Trinkūnas ◽  
Kristina Poderienė
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Cardiovascular Changes ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background. The aim of the study was to compare the acute training effect on the cardiovascular changes under influence of different kinds of health enhancing exercising.Methods. Ten healthy males carried out two health promotion sessions by applying strength type exercising or Nordic-walk. Cardiovascular functional state was assessed before the training session and 30 minutes after the health promotion session by continuous 12-lead ECG recording while performing a Roufier Test (30 squats per 45 s) and by measuring arterial blood pressure.Results. A significant increase in the heart rate at rest was registered after the training session both after the gym training and after Nordic-walking session and reduced diastolic blood pressure values were recorded at rest and after the exercise stress test. If prior to the exercise sessions transient ischemic episode in some subjects was registered, after the training sessions the ischemic episodes were less expressed.Conclusion. Comparing the Nordic walking exercise effects with the effects of strength training exercising during the training session, less increased heart rate and systolic blood pressure were observed; a significantly higher decrease in the diastolic blood pressure, and a significantly lower degree on the short-term effects of functional ischemic myocardium were recorded.Keywords: Nordic walking, strength exercise, cardiovascular system.

Changes in arterial blood pressure and heart rate induced by glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide in rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (3) ◽  
pp. E459-E466 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Barragan ◽  
R. E. Rodriguez ◽  
E. Blazquez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

This study was designed to determine the effects of glucagon-like peptides (GLP) on arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Although glucagon caused a minimal effect and GLP-1-(1-37) produced a moderate increase of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, GLP-1-(7-36) amide induced the greatest increases in both parameters. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate values increased when doses of the peptides were increased. By contrast, GLP-2 did not modify either arterial blood pressure or heart rate values. To determine whether the effects of GLP-1-(7-36) amide were mediated through catecholamines, the rats were pretreated with reserpine, propranolol, or phentolamine before administration of the peptide. In these three experimental groups, GLP-1-(7-36) amide increases mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate to the same level or even greater than that observed in nonpretreated rats. These findings indicate that GLP-1-(7-36) amide significantly increases arterial blood pressure and heart rate and that these effects are not mediated through catecholamines.

scholarly journals THE PHYSIOLOGY EFFECTS OF A FINNISH SAUNA ON AEROBIC EXERCISE IN COLLEGE-AGED INDIVIDUALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (37) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Holly Bogdanich ◽  
Jan Kiger ◽  
Julia Matzenbacher Santos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Moderate Exercise

Sauna baths acutely increases vasodilation, heart rate (HR) and muscle relaxation; therefore sessions of sauna have been tested as a therapeutic treatment for cardiovascular diseases and psychological diseases. When combined with exercise, sauna baths have been performed to accelerate exercise recovery, with the sauna being done post workout the majority of times. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the sauna used prior to a bout of moderate intensity aerobic exercise. Eight volunteer performed a 20-minute treadmill aerobic exercise (running) 70% of maximal VO2 with and without a visit to the sauna. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), HR, and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) were recorded before, halfway at 10 minutes, and after the aerobic exercise. Systolic BP, assessed before exercise, was not different when subjects performed prior sauna (124.8 ± 10.8 vs. 125± 11 mm/Hg no sauna and sauna, respectively). However, diastolic BP was lower in no-sauna condition vs. sauna condition while HR and RPE (73± 5 vs 80± 4.5 mm/Hg BP, 90±13 vs. 101±11 beats/min and 6 vs. 7 RPE no sauna and sauna, respectively). When the comparison was made within the experimental condition exercise, sauna attenuated the increase in systolic and diastolic BP induced by exercise without affecting HR and RPE. Extreme high temperatures experienced in sauna modulate cardiovascular system responses by increasing HR and diastolic blood pressure. Moderate exercise increases systolic and diastolic BP, which might be attenuated when sauna is performed prior to exercise. A Sauna session might be used to modulate the response of exercise towards BP.

scholarly journals Maternal hemodynamic responses to two different types of moderate physical exercise during pregnancy: a randomized clinical trial

10.3823/2559 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jousilene de Sales Tavares ◽  
Adriana Melo ◽  
Bruno Maciel ◽  
Amanda Vasconcelos ◽  
Joao Guilherme Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Maternal Heart Rate

Background/Aim:  Maternal hemodynamic responses (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) were compared during two types of moderate-intensity physical exercise. Methods:  A randomized clinical trial compared 120 pregnant women performing physical exercise on a treadmill (n=64) or stationary bicycle (n=56).  In 44 of these women (n=23 treadmill; n=21 bicycle), blood pressure was monitored for 24 hours following exercise.  Repeated-measures analysis compared maternal heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure before, during and in the 24 hours following exercise in both groups.  Results:  Maternal heart rate increased significantly (p<0.001) with both types of exercise (from 84 at rest to 112 bpm on the treadmill and from 87 at rest to 107 bpm on the bicycle), without exceeding the limit of 140 bpm.  Systolic pressure increased from 110 at rest to 118 mmHg on the bicycle (p=0.06) and from 112 at rest to 120 mmHg on the treadmill (p=0.02).  Systolic pressure dropped steadily following exercise, reaching its lowest level (104 mmHg) after 14 hours, increasing thereafter and returning to pre-exercise levels by the 19th hour.  Diastolic pressure increased during exercise irrespective of the type of exercise (p=0.27), from 70 at rest to 75 mmHg on the bicycle (p=0.39) and from 70 at rest to 76 mmHg on the treadmill (p=0.18), with the lowest level (59 mmHg) being at the 13th hour. Conclusions:  A slight increase in blood pressure levels was found during exercise; however, this was not clinically significant and was followed by a substantial hypotensive effect that lasted around 19 hours. Register: Clinical Trials NCT01383889.

Ambulant Blood Pressure: Reproducibility and the Assessment of Interventions

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mann ◽  
M. W. Millar Craig ◽  
V. Balasubramanian ◽  
P. M. M. Cashman ◽  
E. B. Raftery
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Reliable Assessment

1. We have assessed the day-to-day reproducibility of intra-arterial blood pressure by monitoring 17 freely ambulant hypertensive patients for a period of 48 h. Eight had no change of therapeutic regimen throughout and nine took a single dose of a hypotensive agent before retiring on the second night. 2. Records were analysed to provide hourly mean values of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. No significant differences between first and second day recordings were found except after the intervention in the second group. 3. Allowing subjects to follow their normal daily routine produces inevitable variation in their pattern of physical and other activity. However, by the use of these methods of recording and analysis, with pooled measurements from a small group of subjects, reproducibility is sufficiently good to permit the reliable assessment of therapeutic interventions.

Esmolol: effects on isoprenaline- and exercise-induced cardiovascular stimulation in conscious dogs

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Fischer ◽  
J. G. Grohs ◽  
G. Raberger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The Impact

Esmolol, a recently developed ultra-short acting β-adrenoceptor blocking agent, was evaluated in 12 conscious chronically instrumented dogs with intact autonomic reflexes. The significance of its β1-adrenoceptor selectivity was examined at various cardiovascular activation levels established by either incremental isoprenaline infusion or graded treadmill exercise. The observed parameters were heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, left ventricular dp/dtmax, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Intravenous infusion of esmolol (25 and 250 μg∙kg−1∙min−1) led to a dose-dependent reduction of the isoprenaline-induced increase in positive dp/dtmax. The concomitant increase in heart rate was suppressed to a lesser extent. Characteristically of a β1-selective agent, esmolol had only a slight effect on the isoprenaline-induced reduction in diastolic blood pressure. The impact of esmolol on exercise-induced hemodynamic activation was much smaller. Exercise-induced increase in positive dp/dtmax was more sensitive to β-adrenoceptor blockade than the concomitant increase in heart rate. Diastolic blood pressure was not influenced significantly. β-Adrenoceptor blockade was virtually reversed within 20 min of discontinuation of esmolol infusion.Key words: esmolol, β1-adrenoceptor selectivity, dogs, treadmill exercise, isoprenaline stimulation.

scholarly journals A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl on attenuation of pressor response during laryngoscopy and intubation in neurosurgical patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3246
Author(s):  
Shazia Anjum ◽  
Sarbjit Singh Chhiber ◽  
Majid Khan ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Talib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine Concentrations ◽  
Group D

Background: Laryngoscopy is associated with a sympathetic response that results in a rapid increase in blood pressure and heart rate in these patients. The mechanisms underlying these hemodynamic changes are incompletely understood. They may be caused by a reflex sympathetic discharge due to stimulation of the upper respiratory tract. It has been observed that hemodynamic responses to tracheal intubation are associated with an increase in plasma catecholamine concentrations and are attenuated by β-adrenergic blockade. These hemodynamic changes may be undesirable particularly in neurosurgical patients. Aim of the study is the present study was prospective, randomized, double-blind conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dexmdetomidine and fentanyl in attenuation of pressor responses to laryngoscopy and intubation in neurosurgical patients undergoing lumbar spine surgeries.Methods: A total of 60 patients of 18–65 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologists Class I/II of undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group D received dexmedetomidine and Group F received Fentanyl. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were recorded preoperatively (baseline), at 5 and 8 minutes after infusion of study drug, before induction, 1 minute after induction, 2 minute after intubation, 5 minute after intubation, 10 minute after intubation  and 15 minute after intubation.Results: There was a better control of Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure   and mean arterial pressure in Group D when compared to Group F during laryngoscopy and after intubation.Conclusions: The present study shows that dexmedetomidine suppresses hemodynamic responses effectively than fentanyl.

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