scholarly journals Demographic Characteristics and Causes of Low Vision in Children: A Hospital–Based Study from Khartoum, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Hassan Alrasheed ◽  
Eslah Saeed Awad ◽  
Zoelfigar Dafalla Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Low Vision Clinic ◽  
Key Words Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Male Patients

Purpose:  To determine the demographic characteristics and causes of low vision in children who attended Alfaisal eye center, Khartoum Sudan. Place and Duration of Study:  Alfaisal eye Center, Khartoum, Sudan, from February 2018 to October 2020. Study Design:  Cross sectional observational study. Methods:  Clinical record of 105 patients who visited the low vision clinic were retrieved. Demographic features, history, ocular examination, cause of low vision, refractive state of the eye (by self-luminance streak retinoscope, and auto refractometer), and type of low vision devices used by the patients were noted. Data was analyzed by using SPSS software version 20. Results:  Mean age was 11.70 ± 2.19. Seventy three percent patients had Visual Acuity(VA) less than 6/60. Majority (59%) were male patients. Commonest refractive error associated with low vision was myopia (65.71%). Retinitis Pigmentosa, congenital glaucoma, and albinism were other major causes of pediatric low vision (19.5%). Progressive Myopia was seen in 15%. About 9.5% of children presented with cataracts, nystagmus in 9.5%, and congenital refractive error in 9.5%.The cause of low vision among children was not statistically different between males and females P=0.890. More than half of the children 78.1% used glasses and about 21.9% were corrected by telescope. Conclusion:  Retinitis pigmentosa, albinism, and congenital glaucoma were the most common causes of pediatric low vision. Common low vision devices prescribed to these children were glasses and telescopes. Key Words:  Retinitis Pigmentosa, Congenital glaucoma, Albinism, Myopia, Cataract.

scholarly journals Profile of visual impairment in children attending low vision clinic of Nepal Eye Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Kishore Sapkota ◽  
Sagar Rajkarnikar ◽  
Bina Shrestha ◽  
Shyam Panthi ◽  
Archana Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Low Vision Clinic ◽  
Visual Degradation ◽  
To Come ◽  
Multiple Causes

Introduction: Visual impairment (VI) in children accounts for great challenge in the life of children that leads to greater medical, psychological, social and economic problems since the child has to live up with handicap for many years to come. Identifying the main causes of visual degradation and their pattern will help in preventive measures, early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of vulnerable population. The aim of this study was to find out the pattern of visual impairment in children attending low vision clinic of Nepal Eye Hospital. Methods: A retrospective cross--sectional review of hospital records of all VI children att ending the low vision clinic from 1st May 2010 to 31st April 2011 with age less than 16 years was done. Results: Overall, 65 children were included in this study with mean age 11.58±3.83 years. Among them 55.4% were male. More than one third (34%) of the total children were in the category of blindness. More than two thirds (72.30%) patients had refractive error. Majority of the patients (66.15%) had multiple causes of visual impairment. Major causes of visual impairment were nystagmus (58.46%), high refractive error (26.15%) and amblyopia (24.61%). Low vision devices were prescribed for only 18.46% of the total patients. Telescope was the most frequently prescribed low vision optical device. Conclusion: Nystagmus, high refractive error and amblyopia were the main causes of VI. Most of the cases had multiple causes. Low vision devices were prescribed for very few of the visual impaired patients and telescope was the most frequently prescribed among them. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v10i2.6458Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital July-Dec 2011 10(2) 18-21

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting to Low Vision Clinic of a Tertiary Center in Western Region of Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
HB Thapa ◽  
P Gautam ◽  
NB Mahotra ◽  
K Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Low Vision Clinic

INTRODUCTION: Low vision is an important public health problem; however, very few low vision clinics are available to address the needs of low vision patients in most developing countries. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients attending the low vision clinic of a tertiary care eye hospital of Western Region of Nepal. METHODS: This was a prospective cross sectional study of all new Nepali patients seen at the low vision clinic over 2 years period. The patients were administered with clinical low vision form (a structured questionnaire) and were examined and tested with low vision devices by the attending low vision specialist. Information on the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients was recorded. RESULTS: A total of 214 new patients seen during the period were studied. The mean age was 19.80 years, and their ages ranged between 4 and 86 years with a male to female ratio of 2.69:1. Majority (53.30%) were children (≤15years), while 3.70% were elderly patients (≥65years).  The commonest cause of low vision was lens related like pseudophakia, aphakia (20.60%); 18.20% had refractive error/amblyopia; 17.80% had retinitis pigmentosa; macular disorder (20%) and retinitis pigmentosa (20%) were the commonest cause in the adult and elderly patients, while lens related (24.6%) and refractive error/amblyopia (21.1%) were the commonest causes in children.CONCLUSION: The demographic and clinical characteristics of low vision patients seen in this clinic are similar to that of patients in other developing countries, but different from those in developed countries. Elderly patients and females may be under-utilizing low vision services. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i2.11172 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol.2(2): 35-39

ASSESSMENT OF ASSOCIATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, DIET AND DISEASE WITH HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE AND FACTORS CAUSING STROKE LEADING TO CEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE IN MALE PATIENTS IN QUETTA, BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Anila Alam ◽  
◽  
Musa Bin Bashir ◽  
Mirwais Khan ◽  
Asad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cerebral Haemorrhage ◽  
Haemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Male Patients

Objectives. This study aimed to assess and make a pattern of factors causing stroke leading to cerebral haemorrhage in male patients as well as to assess association of demographic characteristics, diet and disease with haemorrhagic stroke in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Methods. In a cross sectional questionnaire based interviewing study, a questionnaire was designed to access the pattern of factors causing stroke leading to cerebral haemorrhage in male patients. Total 339 cases (adult male who had haemorrhagic stroke) were identified from two government and four private hospitals in Quetta City, Province Balochistan, Pakistan. The study was conducted within the time period of 9 months, from March to November, 2015. The data was piloted and then final data was analysed by using IBM SPSS 22. Results. In demographic characteristic study of patients, majority 219 (64.6%) were among the age group between 51 years and above, 330 (97.3%) were married, majority 186 (54.9%) were having urban residence and 277 (81.7%) were having own residence ownership, 127 (37.5%) were having addiction to smoking and 120 (35.4%) were addicted to tobacco and snuff. 124 (36.6%) were reluctant to mention whether their patients were either smokers or not. Among total 339 patients, majority 284 (83.8%) were not doing physical exercise routinely or if they were recommended by the physician. Among the 339 patients, all 339 (100%) of patients selected the multiple options among all given options (headache, unconscious/loss of consciousness, pain in neck). Conclusions. Demographic characteristics, low level of education, low income, urban residence in combined family setup, married, increased number of children are associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Smoking, tobacco and snuffing may also cause stroke. Lack of physical exercise, past history of stroke, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension (personal or family) of any type does not significantly cause stroke but may increase the risk of stroke. The order of events suddenly happened to the hemorrhagic patients are headache, pain in neck, vomiting and finally state of unconsciousness.

STUDY OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, CAUSES AND MAGNITUDE OF VISUAL DISABILITY AMONG CERTIFIED VISUALLY DISABLED INDIVIDUALS ATTENDING OPHTHALMOLOGY OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT IN GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL.

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
Sandip Bodake ◽  
Madhuri Bhople
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Disabilities ◽  
Phthisis Bulbi ◽  
Disabled Patients ◽  
Visually Disabled

Aim: To determine the demographic characteristics, causes and magnitude of visual disability among certied visually disabled patients attending ophthalmology OPD in Government Hospital. Materials And Methods: A cross sectional record based study, where data was obtained from visual disability certicates of patients who attended OPD during the period from April 2019 to March 2020. Results: Total 509 patients were enrolled. Among certied individuals, males were more than females. Magnitude of visual disability of 100%, 75% ,40% And 30% was seen in 187 (37%), 39 (8%), 150 (29%) and 132 (26%) respectively. Among causes of visual disabilities Retinitis pigmentosa 70 (14), Uncorrected refractive errors 70 (14%), phthisis bulbi 68 (13%) contributed to majority of cases. Conclusion: Young adults contributed to majority of cases. Males were common than females. Most patients belong to category IV followed by category II. Retinitis pigmentosa and uncorrected refractive errors were the major causes of blindness.

scholarly journals Pattern of Eye Diseases in Dhaka City District Level and Village Areas in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Chronic Dacryocystitis ◽  
Ocular Morbidity

Background: Ocular morbid conditions are responsible for partial or total blindness. Ocular morbidities by its sheer magnitude form an enormous problem, not only in human suffering, but also in terms of economical loss and social burden. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of eye Diseases. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. This study was done in Dhaka city, different districts of Dhaka Division and different Upazilla of Dhaka district. From these three sites 3124 patients were randomly selected. All the members of a family were cross-examined and then diseased individuals were isolated for detail history taking and clinical assessment. Results: The results revealed that 3124 study subjects were had ocular morbidity. Common ocular morbidity was 1153 had Refractive error (36.9%), 105 had Cataract, 15(0.5) had Glaucoma, 63(2.0) had Chronic Dacryocystitis, 14(0.4) had Pterygium, 6(0.2) had Diabetic Retinopathy, 56(0.2) had Retinitis pigmentosa and 1763 (56.4) others. Males were more affected as compared to females. It was observed that as the age increases the prevalence of ocular morbidity increases. Conclusion: The leading cause of eye diseases in this study was Refractive error, Cataract, Glaucoma, Chronic Dacryocystitis, Pterygium, Diabetic Retinopathy, Retinitis pigmentosa and others etc.

Prevalence and risk factors for adult cataract in the Jingan district of Shanghai

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Sun ◽  
Xiaofang Ye ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Jianjiang Xu ◽  
Jianming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Education Status

Abstract BackgroundTo report the prevalence of age-related cataract (ARC) in the Jingan district of Shanghai and analyze the risk factors for ARC.MethodsDuring March to June in 2010, a cross sectional study was conducted in a community selected by stratified cluster sampling in the Jingan district of Shanghai. Residents aged 40 and older were recruited and investigated by questionnaire and ophthalmic examination.ResultsA total of 2894 subjects aged 40 years and above were included in our study. 948 people (32.8%) were diagnosed with cataract including 845 with bilateral cataract and 292 with moderate and severe visual impairment (low vision). There were significant differences in the risk of cataract among different age groups and genders. The multivariable Logistic analysis suggested that the prevalence of cataract increased with age. Persons at lower risk for ARC were those with higher education status (OR=0.722), with refractive error (OR=1.352), and those who used computers for 3-8 hours every day (OR=0.592).ConclusionAge, refractive error, education level and daily time of using computers have a certain correlation with ARC.

scholarly journals The prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness amongst learners at the Akropong School for the Blind in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kwarteng ◽  
Khathutshelo P. Mashige ◽  
Kovin S. Naidoo ◽  
Samuel B. Boadi-Kusi ◽  
Pirindhavellie Govender-Poonsamy
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Phthisis Bulbi ◽  
Common Causes

Background: Low vision and blindness have significant implications, resulting in a generally reduced quality of life amongst the sufferers.Aim: To determine the prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness amongst learners at the Akropong School for the Blind.Setting: The study was conducted in Akropong School for the Blind, Ghana.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Eye examinations included measurements of presenting distance visual acuity (PDVA) with the Tumbling ‘E’ distance LogMAR chart. Anterior and posterior segments were examined with an ophthalmoscope and a slit lamp.Results: Two hundred and sixty-eight (N = 268) learners comprising 157 (58.6%) males and 111 (41.4%) females took part in this study and their ages ranged from 4 to 43 years (mean and standard deviation [SD] = 15.79 ± 6.15 years). The results indicated that 76.1% were classified as blind and 23.9% of the learners had low vision. The leading cause of low vision was glaucoma (39.1%) followed by pseudophakia (21.9%) and retinopathy (18.8%). The most common causes of low vision and blindness based on pathology found on ocular anatomical structures were corneal opacity/phthisis bulbi (35.5%), followed by glaucoma (25%), cataract (13.4%) and retinopathy (10.8%).Conclusion: The leading causes of low vision and blindness identified in this study were because of avoidable diseases such as corneal opacity/phthisis bulbi and glaucoma. This highlighted the need for adequate primary eye care services, equitable eye health workforce distribution and eye health awareness in Ghana to help prevent low vision and blindness.

scholarly journals Acceptance of Low Vision Aids in Visually Impaired Patients Attending to Tertiary Eye Hospital, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 907-910
Author(s):  
Pankaj Ray Adhikari ◽  
Miru Khanal ◽  
Nirmala Chaudhary ◽  
Monica Chaudhry ◽  
Afaque Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Low Vision Aids ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Low Vision Clinic ◽  
Near Work

Introduction: Vision impairment is the degree of reduction in vision that makes a remarkable effect on personality, intelligence, social, mental and economic factors of individuals. Objective To analyze the acceptance of low vision aids with their respective occupations and needs in visually impaired patients atiending to Tertiary Eye Hospital. Methodology A cross-sectional study was done at the low vision clinic of Biratnagar Eye Hospital (BEH), Biratnagar, Nepal from January to March 2018. During the study period, a total of 51 visually impaired patients were included for the study who were eligible and willing to participate. Result The most common age group visited to low vision clinic were up to 20 years (43%). Males comprised a maximum study population of (88%) and most of them were from the neighboring country India (96%). The most common disease-causing low vision was Retinal Diseases (41%). Among all occupations, students accepted more optical low vision aids for both distance(31.5%) and near (47%). The most common demand was reading and writing (86%). At distance, the telescope was prescribed to (65%) and at near, spectacle magnifiers were prescribed to (72%). Conclusion: There is more acceptance of the low vision aids among the students for both distance and near work compare to other occupation. The low vision device should be prescribed concerning the education, occupation, and needs of the patients. 

scholarly journals A profile of patients presenting at a low vision clinic in a resource-limited setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamadonda N.Q. Xulu-Kasaba ◽  
Khathutshelo P. Mashige ◽  
Mawande G. Mthembu ◽  
Nkululeko S. Mazibuko ◽  
Ntombi A. Mabunda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Vision Assessment ◽  
Macular Diseases ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Low Vision Clinic ◽  
The University ◽  
Limited Setting ◽  
Better Than

Background: The university-based low vision clinic is one of the few low vision clinics in South Africa.Aim: To describe demographic and clinical profiles of patients who attended this clinic from 2010 to 2017.Setting: The university low vision clinic, South Africa.Methods: The record cards of all patients seen at the low vision clinic over 8 years were examined and the following information was extracted: age, gender, presenting visual acuity (VA), VA following low vision assessment, cause of visual impairment and types of low vision devices recommended.Results: A total of 621 patients were examined, comprising 45.1% males and 55.9% females aged 36.0 ± 18.2 years (range: 4–93 years). Many of these patients (33.7%) had presenting VA worse than 1.3 logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR) ( 6/120) at 4 m in the better eye, and 196 (31.6%) had presenting VA of worse than 1.3 logMAR at near distance. Following optical low vision assessment, 62.4% had distance VA of 0.9 LogMAR (6/48) to −0.2 logMAR (6/3.8) and 58.4% had near VA of 0.9 logMAR (6/48) to −0.2 logMAR (6/3.8). Albinism (22.7%), unknown causes (18.2%), cataract (15.5%) and macular diseases (12.2%) were the most common causes of low vision. Amblyopia (80.7%) was the most common cause of low vision in patients aged 20 years and younger, followed by albinism (68.1%) and corneal diseases (41%). Cataract (78.1%), macular diseases (64.4%) and glaucoma (55.9%) were the most common causes of low vision in patients aged more than 60 years. Telescopes (33.8%) were the most commonly recommended form of intervention, followed by magnifiers (29.6%) and protective measures (24.5%).Conclusion: Albinism, cataract and macular diseases are the predominant causes of low vision in patients attending this low vision clinic. There was a significant improvement in VA after low-vision assessment, particularly for patients with presenting VA of better than 1.3 logMAR (6/120).

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