scholarly journals ВЛИЯНИЕ УДОБРЕНИЙ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПЛОТНОСТИ АГРОЦЕНОЗА, ПОСЕВНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА И БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ СЕМЯН ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

2019 ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
L.V. Karpova ◽  
A.V. Strogonova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Наличие микроэлементов в почвах нашей страны находится в большом дефиците, что не позволяет оправдать биологический потенциал продуктивных показателей основных сельскохозяйственных культур. Цель исследований научное обоснование выбора наиболее эффективного способа применения комплексных жидких удобрений с микроэлементами в хелатной форме для формирования плотности агроценоза, посевных качеств и биохимического состава семян яровой пшеницы. Установлено, что в среднем за два года исследований полевая всхожесть яровой пшеницы на фоне естественного плодородия находилась в пределах 73,8-78,4, а на фоне внесения азофоски она составила 73,6-79,3. Наибольшее количество сохранившихся растений к уборке отмечено как на фоне без внесения удобрений, так и на фоне минерального питания в вариантах с обработкой семян Мегамикс-семена и Мегамикс-Профи в фазы кущения и колошения 386 и 388 растений на 1 м2. Микроэлементные удобрения оказали влияние на массу 1000 семян, энергию прорастания, лабораторную всхожесть и силу роста. При выращивании данной культуры на фоне внесения N16P16K16 масса 1000 семян увеличилась на 10,1 по вариантам опыта, энергия прорастания 9,4, лабораторная всхожесть на 6,9, масса 100 ростков на 17, а длина ростка 18,9. Биохимический состав зерна показывает запас питательных элементов: белка, азота, фосфора и калия, наибольшее количество которых накопилось в зерне яровой пшеницы, выращенной при обработке семян и посевов удобрениями Мегамикс-семена и Мегамикс-Профи .There is a great shortage of trace elements in the soils of our country, which does not justify the biological potential of the productive indicators of the main crops. The research objective is the scientific substantiation of the choice of the most effective way of applying complex liquid fertilizers with microelements in chelated form to form the density of agrocenosis, seedlings qualities and biochemical composition of spring wheat seeds. It was established that, on average, over two years of research, the field germination of spring wheat against the background of natural fertility was in the range of 73.8-78.4, and against the background of the application of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer it amounted to 73.6-79.3. The largest number of plants remained for harvesting was noted both against the background without fertilizer application and against the background of mineral nutrition in the variants with seed treatment with Megamix-seeds and Megamix-Profi in the tillering and heading stages - 386 and 388 plants per 1 m2. Micronutrient fertilizers influenced the weight of 1000 seeds, germination energy, laboratory germination and growth power. When growing this crop against the background of N16P16K16 application, the weight of 1000 seeds increased by 10.1 according to the experimental variants, germination energy - 9.4, laboratory germination by 6.9, weight of 100 sprouts - by 17, and sprout length - 18.9. The biochemical composition of the grain shows a supply of the following nutrients: protein, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the largest amount of which was accumulated in spring wheat grain grown during the treatment of seeds and crops with fertilizers Megamix-seeds and Megamix-Profi.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer effects on cassava tuber yield in the coastal district of Dondo, Mozambique

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (42) ◽  
pp. 3112-3119
Author(s):  
B. Cuvaca Ivan ◽  
S. Eash Neal ◽  
M. Lambert Dayton ◽  
R. Walker Forbes ◽  
Rustrick William
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Coastal District

RESPONSE OF SPRING WHEAT AND BARLEY TO NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. BISHOP ◽  
C. R. MacEACHERN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
The Third ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Fertilizer trials with spring wheat and barley were conducted at a total of seven and nine locations, respectively, during a three-year period. Treatments consisted of three rates of N, of P and of K in all possible combinations. Although the soils varied in their chemical properties, grain yields increased with the second increment of N in some years and the crude protein content of the grain increased with the third increment in all years. Grain yields were not increased by the second increment of either P or K. Although the effects of increasing rates of N, P and K on the levels of these nutrients in plant tissue were predominantly linear, increases in N levels were of much greater magnitude than increases in either P or K levels. The results indicate that N, P and K at approximately 135, 39 and 37 kg/ha, respectively, should be generally adequate.

scholarly journals Agronomical Field Testing of New Kinds of Multicomponent Mineral Fertilizers

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
K.T. Zhantasov ◽  
Z.U. Myrhalykov ◽  
S.M. Moldabekov ◽  
M.K. Zhantasov ◽  
B.T. Omarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Essential Difference ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Analysis of modern scientific literature and patents has shown the absence of acid-free production technology of a mechanically activated multicomponent mineral fertilizer containing water-holding substances. Experimental researches connecting with mechanochemical activation and physicochemical properties of Karatau phosphorites prove a possibility of development of a new multicomponent mineral fertilizer. Application of inorganic and organic activators considerably improves qualities of fertilizers because the developed fertilizer mixtures contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humate and microelements. The suggested technology intends to use wastes of coal mining that leads to presence of humates and microelements in the end product. It was determined, that content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium depends on a form of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-containing substances. The given article contains data of researches connecting with use of multicomponent mineral fertilizers in field conditions for cotton cultivation on irrigated light sierozems consisting of soil-forming rocks of loess and loess-type clay loams. The research results show the increase of soil’s fertility and cotton’s productivity. Studying of agronomic efficiency of the new kinds of mechanically activated multicomponent mineral fertilizers at the cultivation of a bean-cereal mixture has been carried out in the Negorelsk experimental nursery-garden of the Belarus State Technical University on a sod-podzol sandy-loam soil and has shown the essential influence on productivity and quality of the bean-cereal mixture. The researches fulfilled on a sod-podzol sandy-loam soil have revealed the essential increase of key indicators of feed productivity. Application of the mineral fertilizers has promoted increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in green plants. In so doing content of calcium and magnesium in green mass depends from quantity of the fertilizer used to a smaller extent. An essential difference of crop capacity and feed productivity indicators depending on forms of the applied mineral fertilizers has not been found.

scholarly journals Effect of the placement of fertilizer on the development of spring wheat

1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Erkki Aura
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients ◽  
Experimental Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Better Than

The placement of fertilizer was studied in the field trial on a clay soil in Southern Finland. The placement of fertilizer in the depth of 8 cm gave 28 per cent greater grain yield of spring wheat, and the placement in the depth of 12 cm 26 per cent greater grain yield than the surface dressing. The growth of shoots on the soil receiving placement was much better than on the soil receiving surface dressing. The results of shoot analyses showed that the placement caused a much greater uptake of nutrients than the surface dressing. The uptake of nitrogen was relatively most increased by the placement, somewhat less that of potassium and least that of phosphorus. The ripening of wheat was speeded up by the placement, which probably was due to the better early uptake of nitrogen and to the better uptake of phosphorus by means of the placing. The superiority of the placement to the surface dressing could be explained by the distribution of nutrients in the experimental soil during the dry early part of the growth season. A great deal of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium remained near the surface of the soil receiving surface dressing, and plants were not able to take up nutrients from the dry surface layer. On the contrary, the placed nutrients were deeper, in moister soil and better within the reach of wheat roots. Any movement of ammonium nitrogen was not found by the used methods. Nitrate nitrogen appeared to move to a greater extent particularly in the irrigated plots.

AUTUMN HERBICIDES APPLICATION TO WINTER WHEAT

1970 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
М. N. Zakharova ◽  
L. V. Rozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Winter Wheat Crop ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

In the Ryazan region using of modern and promising herbicides is effective in order to reduce the number and harmfulness of weeds. Initially, it is necessary to study the phytosanitary state of crops for each specific site and choose the most effective herbicide depending on the weeds species composition and thresholds of economic harm. The purpose of the study is to determine the biological and economic efficiency of drugs (Fenizan, BP and Morion, SK) and to assess their impact on the phytosanitary state of crops. The research was carried out on the experimental fields of the Institute of Seed Production and Agricultural Technology – it is a branch of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. The soil is dark gray forest heavy loamy, humus content – 4.0%, potassium and phosphorus – high, pH – 5.8. The cultivated plot area is 50 m2, four times the replication, the winter wheat variety – Viola. The predecessor is autumn fallow. The Azophoska (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer) application is 1.0 c / ha for pre-sowing cultivation. In the phase of spring tillering was performed fertilizing with ammonium nitrate (1.0 c / ha). The results of two-year field tests of post-emergence herbicides used in the autumn tillering phase to reduce weediness of winter wheat crop and increase yields are presented. It was found that in the region conditions of the tested preparations effectively reduced the contamination of crops and increased the grain yield of winter wheat by 2.5-5.5 c / ha.

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