scholarly journals Effect of weather parameters on growth stages of winter maize explain the grain yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Prasad Dahal ◽  
Komal Bahadur Basnet ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah ◽  
Tika Bahadur Karki
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Different Growth Stages

A study was conducted on research farm of National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal during winter season of 2015/16 laid out in split-split plot design with three replications consisting of two FYM levels (FYM at 10 t ha-1 and no FYM application), three nitrogen levels (100, 75 and 50% N of recommended dose P and K remaining constant) and two levels of seed inoculation (Azotobacter chrococcum seed inoculation and no inoculation) with Rampur-2 maize hybrid in Nepal. One of the major factor affecting maize production is weather and this paper is prepared to assess the suitability of weather condition at different growth stages of winter season hybrid maize in condition of western Chitwan, Nepal at NMRP. The result shows that the requirement of the maize crop during different growth stages i.e. temperature, rainfall, relative humidity were fulfilled which helped to obtain remarkably higher grain yield (4.26 t ha-1) in the experiment compared to average national grain yield (2.84 t ha-1) of maize

scholarly journals Grain Yield of Maize Hybrids in Response to Inoculation with Azospirillum sp. under Nitrogen Limiting Conditions in Huaura, Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Elin Teodoro-Cerna ◽  
Eroncio Mendoza-Nieto ◽  
Sergio Eduardo Contreras-Liza
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Native Strain ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Hybrid Maize

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Azospirillum sp. inoculated with different nitrogen levels (0, 60, 90, 180 kg ha-1) on grain yield, yield components and agronomic traits of hybrid maize at the arid conditions of the central coast of Peru. The experimental design used was randomized complete block design with four replications per treatment, under the arrangement of subdivided plots, in which three corn hybrids were assigned to complete plots and four inoculant-N fertilization treatments, to the subplots. The results showed that for dose fertilization of 180 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (control), the grain yield of hybrid corn was similar as compared to 60-120 kg ha-1 N fertilization inoculated at 15 and 45 days with a native strain of Azospirillum sp., suggesting that the response in grain yield for hybrid corn can be balanced with nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum sp. 1x108 CFU mL-1 in conditions of arid soils, with possible impact on the use of this microorganism in the maize production system

scholarly journals Applying satellite images to spectral signature development of maize production (Zea mays L.) under colombia’s middle tropics conditions

ENTRAMADO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Edier Fernando Ávila Vélez ◽  
Natalia Escobar Escobar ◽  
Carlos Francisco Morantes Choconta
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Stages

Maize is currently the world’s second largest crop in terms of production, after wheat and rice. It is the first cereal as for grain yield per hectare and the second, after wheat, regarding total production. Maize has great economic importance worldwide, both as human and/or animal food, and as a source of a large number of industrial products. New digital technologies are allowing greater monitoring of farming production stages. This research developed the spectral signature of maize fields ground covers across different growth stages (2 months, 2.3 months and 4.3 months). Similarly, this research paper proposes the application of a methodology based on four phases: 1. Maize crop georeferencing, 2. Satellite images selection, 3. Radiometric calibration of images 4. Spectral signature development of maize crops. Spectral response or signature of maize crops at visible and near-infrared wavelengths was obtained, indicating significant changes in crops growth. The use of satellite imagery becomes an interesting tool that introduces an approach towards more accurate and controlled monitoring systems in agricultural production.

scholarly journals Spad Value Varies With Age And Leaf Of Maize Plant And Its Relationship With Grain Yield

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Phase Data ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Value Measurement

Abstract Objectives A field experiment was conducted to evaluate ten hybrid maize for photosynthetic traits. Ten hybrid were replicate thricely under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) during winter season of 2018. SPAD 502 Plus meter was used for SPAD value measurement. Vegetative stage all photosynthetic measurement taken from T1 (top most leaf) and T3 (2nd leaf from top leaf) leaves of 5 plants of one plot during 30 days interval. For reproductive phase data taken from Eo/ eo (Leaf attach to cob/ear), E2 or e2 (2nd leaf from Eo /eo leaf) leaves during entire period of grain filling at 10 days intervals. Same leaves were used for overall data collection.Results Result showed that significantly different SPAD value were observed for different age and leaves of maize during pre and post anthesis. SPAD value increase with increase in age and decrease at the time of maturity. During vegetative and juvenile phase T3 leaf has more SPAD value than T1. During reproductive stage eo leaves had more SPAD than e2 leaves, so center leaf of maize contributes more to grain yield. Correlation studies showed that there is strong positive correlation between different stage of SPAD with grain yield.

scholarly journals Response of Nutrient Omission and Irrigation Scheduling on Growth and Productivity of Maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-354
Author(s):  
N.R. Acharya ◽  
S.K. Sah ◽  
A.K. Gautam ◽  
A.P. Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Hybrid Maize

An experiment was conducted for response of nutrient omission to irrigation scheduling in hybrid maize during winter season of 2015 at farmer’s field  Khajura, Banke where intense summer and severe winter occurs. Soil is sandy loam and climatically humid sub-tropical with average annual rainfall of 1000-1500 mm. The experiment was replicated 3 times with split plot design having plot size of 3 x 3.6 m2. There were three irrigation level as main plot; (30 -35 DAS, tasseling stage), (30-35 DAS, tasseling, grain filling stage), (tasseling stage) and six level of fertilizer dose as sub-plot; farmer fertilization practice (27.6:27.6:18 N-P-K kg ha-1), recommended dose of fertilizer (160:60:40 N-P-K kgha-1), 50 percent above recommended dose (240: 90: 60 N-P-K kg ha-1), N0PK (60:40 P-K kg ha-1), NP0K (160:40 N-K kg ha-1), NPK0 (160:60 N-P kg ha-1). 3 level of irrigation increased the grain yield (4333 kg ha-1) by 33.7% than 2 level of irrigation (3240.6 kg ha-1) and 78.4% than single irrigation (2428.8 kg ha-1). Similarly, 182.4% grain yield could be increased with RDF (4994.9 kg ha-1) than N0PK (1768.6 kg ha-1). Grain nutrient uptake was recorded 80.4% N (56.3 kg ha-1), 79% P (18.8 kg ha-1), 88.8% K (15.1 kg ha-1) higher with three levels of irrigation than single irrigation N (31.2 kg ha-1), P (10.5 kg ha-1), K (8 kg ha-1) and 184% N (64.6 kg ha-1), 183.7% P (21 kg ha-1) and 188% K (17 kg ha-1) was recorded higher with RDF than (N0PK) N (22.7 kg ha-1), P (7.4 kg ha-1), K (5.9 kg ha-1). Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 343-354

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of commercial maize hybrids across diverse Terai environments during the winter season in Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Prasad Tripathi ◽  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Dil Bahadur Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
First Year ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The hybrid maize cultivars of multinational seed companies are gradually being popular among the farmers in Nepal. This paper reports on research finding of 117 maize hybrids of 20 seed companies assessed for grain yield and other traits at three sites in winter season of 2011 and 2012. The objective of the study was to identify superior maize hybrids suitable for winter time planting in eastern, central and inner Terai of Nepal. Across site analysis of variance revealed that highly significant effect of genotype and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) on grain yield of commercial hybrids. Overall, 47 genotypes of 16 seed companies identified as high yielding and stable based on superiority measures. The statistical analysis ranked topmost three genotypes among tested hybrids as P3856 (10515 kg ha-1), Bisco prince (8763 kg ha-1) as well as Shaktiman (8654 kg ha-1) in the first year; and 3022 (8378 kg ha-1), Kirtiman manik (8323 kg ha-1) as well as Top class (7996 kg ha-1) in the second year. It can be concluded that stable and good performing hybrids identified as potential commercial hybrids for general cultivation on similar environments in Nepal.

scholarly journals Response and Modeling of Hybrid Maize Seed Vigor to Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3289
Author(s):  
Rongchao Shi ◽  
Ling Tong ◽  
Taisheng Du ◽  
Manoj K. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Film Mulching ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Research is imperative to predict seed vigor of hybrid maize production under water deficit in arid areas. Field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 in arid areas of northwestern China to investigate the effects of different irrigation strategies at various growth stages with drip irrigation under film mulching on grain yield, kernel weight, seed protein content, and seed vigor of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). Water deficit at vegetative, flowering, and grain-filling stages was considered and a total of 16 irrigation treatments was applied. A total of 12 indices of germination percentage, germination index (GI), shoot length (SL), and root length (RL) under different germination conditions (standard germination and accelerated aging); electrical conductivity (EC) of the leachate; and activities of peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in seeds were measured and analyzed using the combinational evaluation method (CEM). Furthermore, five water production functions (Blank, Stewart, Rao, Jensen, and Minhas) were used to predict seed vigor evaluated by CEM under water deficit. The results showed that leachate EC was higher under water deficit than that under sufficient irrigation. The SL, RL, and GI of different germination conditions increased under water deficit at the flowering stage. The Rao model was considered the best fitted model to predict the vigor of hybrid maize seeds under water deficit, and an appropriate water deficit at the flowering stage is recommended to ensure high seed vigor of hybrid maize production with drip irrigation under film mulching. Our findings would be useful for reducing crop water use while ensuring seed vigor for hybrid maize production in arid areas.

scholarly journals Development of Chlorophyll-Meter-Index-Based Dynamic Models for Evaluation of High-Yield Japonica Rice Production in Yangtze River Reaches

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim ◽  
Jingshan Lu ◽  
Brian Krienke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Accurate estimation of the nitrogen (N) spatial distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is imperative when it is sought to maintain regional and global carbon balances. We systematically evaluated the normalized differences of the soil and plant analysis development (SPAD) index (the normalized difference SPAD indexes, NDSIs) between the upper (the first and second leaves from the top), and lower (the third and fourth leaves from the top) leaves of Japonica rice. Four multi-location, multi-N rate (0–390 kg ha−1) field experiments were conducted using seven Japonica rice cultivars (9915, 27123, Wuxiangjing14, Wunyunjing19, Wunyunjing24, Liangyou9, and Yongyou8). Growth analyses were performed at different growth stages ranging from tillering (TI) to the ripening period (RP). We measured leaf N concentration (LNC), the N nutrition index (NNI), the NDSI, and rice grain yield at maturity. The relationships among the NDSI, LNC, and NNI at different growth stages showed that the NDSI values of the third and fourth fully expanded leaves more reliably reflected the N nutritional status than those of the first and second fully expanded leaves (LNC: NDSIL3,4, R2 > 0.81; NDSIothers, 0.77 > R2 > 0.06; NNI: NDSIL3,4, R2 > 0.83; NDSIothers, 0.76 > R2 > 0.07; all p < 0.01). Two new diagnostic models based on the NDSIL3,4 (from the tillering to the ripening period) can be used for effective diagnosis of the LNC and NNI, which exhibited reasonable distributions of residuals (LNC: relative root mean square error (RRMSE) = 0.0683; NNI: RRMSE = 0.0688; p < 0.01). The relationship between grain yield, predicted yield, and NDSIL3,4 were established during critical growth stages (from the stem elongation to the heading stages; R2 = 0.53, p < 0.01, RRMSE = 0.106). An NDSIL3,4 high-yield change curve was drawn to describe critical NDSIL3,4 values for a high-yield target (10.28 t ha−1). Furthermore, dynamic-critical curve models based on the NDSIL3,4 allowed a precise description of rice N status, facilitating the timing of fertilization decisions to optimize yields in the intensive rice cropping systems of eastern China.

Response of growth and grain yield in paddy rice to cool water at different growth stages

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Shimono ◽  
Toshihiro Hasegawa ◽  
Kazuto Iwama
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on Yield and Yield Components of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. KHAN ◽  
G. HASSAN ◽  
N. MALIK ◽  
R. KHAN ◽  
H. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Hybrid Maize

ABSTRACT Maize crop (Zea mays) is facing lots of problems from different pests throughout Asia, including Pakistan. Weed infestation is one of the serious pests that remarkably decrease the grain yield in maize. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, the trend of maize hybrid cultivation is gaining the attention of the farmers due to its higher production. Therefore, in this research we tested herbicides (Stomp 330 E, Dual gold 960 EC, 2,4-D, ester) in maize hybrids (P-3025, P-32T78, P-3203). The experiment was done in RCB design with split plots arrangement, where maize hybrids were kept in main plots, while herbicides were assigned to the subplots. Each treatment was repeated three times at the New Developmental Farm (NDF), at the Peshawar University of Agriculture, Pakistan. Results revealed that both hybrids and herbicides significantly increased plant height, biological yield and grain yield. However, the lowest weed density (142.50 m-2) was observed in Dual Gold 960 EC treated plots. Similarly, plant height (247.188 cm) and grain yield (2.253 ton ha-1) was maximum in maize hybrid P-3025 and Dual gold treated plots. From the instant experiment, it is concluded that the Dual gold 960 EC herbicide is declared as the best herbicide for weed suppression in maize, while maize hybrid P-3025 was the best hybrid giving maximum yield in the study.

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