scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOAP MADE FROM ESSENTIAL OILS AND COMMERCIAL SOAP SOLD IN THE LEBANESE MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. e304
Author(s):  
Candy GERGES ◽  
Mohamad HADLA ◽  
Michele ELIALI ◽  
Martine RICHA ◽  
Nour Mammari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Commercial Soap ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

Background: Thousands of people are dying as a result of infections caused by bacteria. Among the main routes of germ transmission are the hands, making hand hygiene very important in preventing the spread of pathogens and bacterial infection. Hand washing with soap and water is considered to be a simple and effective measure. Old soap manufacturers have long had traditional uses in the Lebanese community. Methods: The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial activity of oil-based soaps with commercial soap sold in the Lebanese market. Different types of herbal soap and antiseptics have been used in this study. Four bacterial strains were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter Spp. The antibacterial activities of these soaps were determined by the diffusion method of disks in agar medium. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis of zones of inhibition showed that S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter Spp. were sensitive only to traditional oil-based soaps, which are Sage, Rose Mary and Cedar. In addition, S. aureus showed sensitivity to soaps comprised of essential oils as well as antibacterial synthetic soap, Dettol and Lifebuoy. On the other hand, E. coli showed resistance to all soaps. Soaps comprised of natural essential oils have shown antibacterial activity superior to so-called “Antibacterial” soaps. Conclusion: Based on this study, we can say that the use of soaps with essential oils might be the best option due to their organic origin as well as their antibacterial proved activities.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Yield Pattern and Antibacterial and Insecticidal Activities ofTrachyspermum ammiandMyristica fragrans

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajgovind Soni ◽  
Gaurav Sharma ◽  
Nakuleshwar Dut Jasuja
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Gas Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

Two Indian spices,Trachyspermum ammiandMyristica fragrans,were studied for their essential oil (EO) yielding pattern, insecticidal activity, antibacterial activity, and composition. The essential oils (EOs) ofT. ammi(1.94±30 mL/100 gm) andM. fragrans(5.93±90 mL/100 gm) were extracted using hydrodistillation method. In Gas Chromatography analysis, the beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, alpha-p-menth-1-en-4-ol, Limonene, and elemicin were found as major constituents ofT. ammiessential oil whereasM. fragransessential oil mostly contains Gamma-Terpinolene, p-Cymene, Thymol, and beta-pinene. The insecticidal activities of EO were demonstrated using LC50values againstPlodia interpunctellaand EO ofT. ammiwas found comparatively more effective than EO ofM. fragrans.Further, individual EO and combination of essential oil were examined for antibacterial activity against three Gram (−) bacterial strains (E. coli-MTCC 443,P. vulgaris-MTCC 1771, andK. pneumoniae-MTCC number 7028) and three Gram (+) bacterial strains (S. aureus-MTCC 3381,B. subtilis-MTCC 10619, andB. megaterium-MTCC 2412) by well agar diffusion method. The essential oil in combination (CEO) exhibited higher antibacterial activity as compared with individual essential oils.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Reversal of Multidrug Resistance of Tumor Cells by Essential Oils from Fresh Leaves, Flowers, and Stems of Montanoa quadrangularis Schultz Bipontinus (Asteraceae) Collected in Mérida—Venezuela

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Janne Rojas ◽  
Gautier Mark-Arthur Ndong Ntoutoume ◽  
Patrick Martin ◽  
Marielba Morillo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Human Mdr1 ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Mouse Lymphoma

Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Montanoa quadrangularis leaves, flowers, and stems were analyzed by GC and GC/MS techniques revealing myrcene, limonene, β-phellandrene, and sabinene among the main components. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the MDR modulator activity on human MDR1 gene transfected mouse lymphoma cell line and the antimicrobial activity on the essential oils obtained from different parts of the species under investigation. The results revealed that MQL caused a similar increase in the fluorescence activity of the cells at 0.02 μL/mL comparing to the Verapamil® value. The antimicrobial assay was carried out according to the disc diffusion method. Five different bacterial strains (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli AG 100, and Escherichia coli AG100A) were treated with the essential oils and the zones of inhibition were determined on TSA plates and TSA agar plates supplemented with Tween 20. MQF and MQL showed activity against B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, and E. coli AG 100A while MQS was only active against E. coli AG 100A on TSA agar plates experiment. In case of TSA agar plates supplemented with 0.1 v/v% Tween 20 detergent, MQF showed inhibition on B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, and E. coli AG 100A; MQL was active against B. subtilis, E. coli AG 100, and E. coli AG 100A while MQS was only active against E. coli AG 100A.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 714-717
Author(s):  
Ya Wei Hu ◽  
Hui Rong He ◽  
Xia Kong ◽  
Yang Min Ma
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Zno Nanoparticle ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

Ag/ZnO nanoparticles with different Ag concentrations were fabricated through sol-gel method under 500 °C for 60 min with a heating rate 5 °C·min-1. The phase, the crystallographic structure and the surface topography of the Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were charactered by XRD and SEM. The antibacterial activities of the Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were performed by disc diffusion method. The results indicate that the as-prepared Ag/ZnO nanoparticles display great antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticle without Ag doping. And Ag/ZnO nanoparticles with 5 mol% Ag concentration show more excellent antibacterial activity toward S.aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa with diameters zones of inhibition 21.7, 18.5, 18.4 and 17.8 mm than other Ag/ZnO nanoparticles. And the mechanism of ZnO antibacterial activity is discussed.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract of four species of Rutaceae family

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-468
Author(s):  
Hong Thien Van ◽  
Dang Gia Man Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Tuong An Quynh ◽  
Van Son Le
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
First Time

In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract from the leaves of four Rutaceae species, including Acronychia pedunculata, Clausena excavata, Glycosmis pentaphylla and Luvunga scandens, were performed using the agar disk diffusion method for the first time. The ethanolic extracts from the leaves of A. pedunculata and G. pentaphylla were able to resist against all six bacterial strains with zones of inhibition for Bacillus cereus (17.3±2.1 mm, 20.8±1.0 mm) Staphylococcus aureus (8.5±0.5 mm, 17.6±0.3 mm) Escherichia coli (16.7±2.1 mm, 15.3±1.2 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.7±0.6 mm, 14.0±1.7 mm), Salmonella enteritidis (22.3±0.6 mm, 24.6±0.5 mm) and Salmonella typhimurium (9.5±0.9 mm, 8.3±0.6 mm). On the other hand, the ethanolic extract of C. excavata leaf was resistant to B. cereus (12.3±0.6 mm), S. aureus (11.6±0.5 mm), E. coli (11.5±2.1 mm), P. aeruginosa (10.6±0.3 mm) while B. cereus (8.2±0.3 mm), S. aureus (9.3±0.6 mm), E. coli (8.5±0.5 mm) and S. typhimurium (8.3±0.6 mm) were inhibited by the ethanolic extract of L. scandens leaf. This study could provide necessary information for further application of these species in medicine.

Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Juniperus horizontalis essential oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Eryiğit ◽  
N. Okut ◽  
K. Ekici ◽  
B. Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Subject

Eryiğit, T., Okut, N., Ekici, K. and Yildirim, B. 2014. Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Juniperus horizontalis essential oil. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 323–327. In recent years, the screening of antibacterial activity has been the subject of much research, and the antibacterial activity of essential oils could be a promising subject for future investigation. In this study, the antibacterial activities of Juniperus horizontalis essential oils and their components were investigated. Essential oils were isolated using the hydro-distillation method and their components were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main compounds found in the oil of leaves were linalool (33.76%), P-cymene (23.20%), gamma-terpinene (8.67%), trans-sabinene hydrate (8.59%), thyme camphor (8.49%), carvol (5.08%) and borneol (4.22%). Juniperus horizontalis essential oils were evaluated for antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. The results indicate that the essential oil of J. horizontalis shows variable and significant antibacterial activities against the six tested bacteria species. The diameters of the inhibition zones formed for bacteria were measured. The lowest inhibition zone was 12 mm (sensitive) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 and the highest zone was 32 mm (extremely sensitive) against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of Aloe weloensis (Aloeacea) Leaf Latex against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yohannes Kelifa Emiru ◽  
Ebrahim Abdela Siraj ◽  
Tekleab Teka Teklehaimanot ◽  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Objective. To evaluate the antibacterial effects of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis against infectious bacterial strains. Methods. The leaf latex of A. weloensis at different concentrations (400, 500, and 600 mg/ml) was evaluated for antibacterial activities using the disc diffusion method against some Gram-negative species such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 14700) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 35619) and Gram-positive such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 50080) and Enterococcus fecalis (ATCC 4623). Results. The tested concentrations of the latex ranging between 400 and 600 mg·mL−1 showed significant antibacterial activity against bacterial strain. The highest dose (600 mg/ml) of A. weloensis leaf latex revealed the maximum activity (25.93 ± 0.066 inhibition zone) followed by the dose 500 mg/ml against S. aureus. The lowest antibacterial activity was observed by the concentration 400 mg/ml (5.03 ± 0.03) against E. coli. Conclusion. The results of the present investigation suggest that the leaf latex of A. weloensis can be used as potential leads to discover new drugs to control some bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Chemical Indices and Antibacterial Properties of Some Essential Oils of Apiaceae and Lauraceae Spices in Southwest of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Razni ◽  
Linda Rouisset ◽  
Elhassan Benyagoub
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cinnamon Essential Oil ◽  
The One

This study is a part of the valorization of extract from three most commonly used Algerian spices, namely; caraway and cumin seeds and cinnamon bark. On the one hand, it aims at characterizing the chemical indices of extracted essential oils and evaluating the antibacterial activity of each essential oil by titration and disc diffusion method respectively. On the other hand, it attempts at evaluating the combined action of essential oils against four reference pathogenic bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis by well and Chabbert-type diffusion method. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation method have a relatively average extraction about 1.43, 2.3 and 2.5%, respectively for caraway, cumin, and cinnamon. The acid index indicates the behavior and amount of free acids present in the essential oil, in which the acid and saponification indices of cinnamon essential oil indicate a value of 4.48 and 168.56 respectively. It can also inform us about the susceptibility of the oil to undergo alterations. The antibacterial activity results showed that cinnamon essential oil (EO) proved to be the most active against the tested bacterial strains; caraway EO was active against Enterococcus faecalis, and the antibacterial action of cumin EO was the lowest. However, the association of the extracted essential oils has a higher synergistic effect than the independent effect of each essential oil, in which the MIC value found was estimated at 10 to 20 (V/V), 40 to 50 (V/V) and 50 to 70 (V/V) respectively for cinnamon, cumin and caraway. The obtained results show that the response to the antibacterial activity varies according to the plant species used and the extract tested alone or in combination.

scholarly journals Extraction and Isolation of Compound from Roots of Kniphofia pumila, and Its Antibacterial Activities in Combination with Zinc Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
Dele ABDISSA ◽  
Gezahegn FAYE ◽  
Melkamu FAYERA ◽  
Shiferaw DEMISSIE
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Isolated Compound

Kniphofia pumila has been traditionally used for the treatment of different diseases in Oromiya regional state, western part of Ethiopia. Thus, the main objective of this study was to extract bioactive natural products from the roots of K. pumila and perform in vitro antibacterial activity tests against selected pathogens. Extraction of compound from the roots of K. pumila was carried out by maceration method at room temperature and its antibacterial activity was done using agar disc diffusion method. The crude extracts alone and along with ZnCl2 were tested against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25722), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae (DSM 19613), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 13311). Following its promising activity, the acetone crude extract that have shown better antibacterial activity was subjected to column chromatography for isolation of pure compound. Hence, one pure compound (GZ-1) was obtained from acetone crude extract. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of the isolated compound alone and in combination with ZnCl2 were also performed against all aforementioned bacterial strains. Then, isolated compound was characterized by using NMR spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and, 2D NMR, so as to establish its structure as 3’-acetyl-2’,6’-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone, trivial name knipholone. Finally, GZ-1 was isolated from the roots of K. pumila and it was noted that the antibacterial activities of ZnCl2 in combination with crude extract as well as with isolated compound against E. coli (ATCC 25722), S. aureus (ATCC 25925) and S. Typhimurium (ATCC 13311) bacterial strains showed remarkable results which were greater than the antibacterial activity of the positive standard drug (gentamycin). To sum up, from the chromatographic isolation of roots acetone extract of K. pumila one pure compound (knipholone) was obtained. Its antibacterial activity was also evaluated in combination with ZnCl2 salt and alone.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus responsible for bovine mastitis sensitivity to the essential oil of Algerian Thymus fontanesii Boiss. et Reut.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Bendella Amina nor elhouda ◽  
Ghazi Kheira ◽  
Meliani Samia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

AbstractThe aim of this study is to test two different methods for evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effect of Thymus fontanesii Boiss. et Reut. essential oil against standard and clinical bacterial strains responsible for bovine mastitis: the disc diffusion method or the aromatogram which allows the demonstration of the antibacterial power of essential oils on the bacterial strains tested, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and two strains isolated from bovine mastitis milk S. aureus and E. coli. The inhibition activity of the essential oil of T. fontanesii on bacterial strains by the two methods shows that the antimicrobial power of this oil is very important and is characterized by bactericidal and bacteriostatic action against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The antimicrobial evaluation by the aromatogram showed good antibacterial activity against all the strains tested, the zones of inhibition of the bacteria were between 23,33±1,527mm and 37,5±3,535 mm. The search for minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC and bactericides CMB made it possible to quantitatively assess the antimicrobial power of this essential oil. In this work, the MIC was 0,625 µl/ml for all strains tested, and the lowest CMB was that of T. fontanesii against E. coli ATCC 25922 was 0,625 µl/ml.

scholarly journals Plant Essential Oils Based Nanoemulsion Formulations and Its Antibacterial Effect on Some Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4800-4808
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Natural Antimicrobials ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Antibiotic resistance is the most challenging problem of concern globally and this is invigorating the need of newer antimicrobial products with potential antimicrobial properties. Plant products, especially plant essential oils produce a large array of secondary metabolites as natural antimicrobials. Use of nanotechnology can add advantages to enhance the antibacterial properties of these essential oils. Present study is focused on development of nanoemulsions from plant essential oils and to study their antibacterial activities. Tea Tree Oil, Thyme Oil, Clove leaf and Cinnamon Essential Oils nanoemulsion was formulated using Tween 20 and Tween 80 respectively using probe ultrasonicator. All the formulated Nanoemulsions were then subjected to physicochemical characterization, stability studies and tested for antibacterial activities using Agar-well diffusion method. Stable nanoemulsion formulation with maximum antibacterial activity then subjected to droplet size measurements and polydispersibility index study. Increase in surfactant concentration resulted in reduction in droplet size when ultrasonication time was constant. Cinnamon oil nanoemulsion 20C4 & 80C4 with pdi index 0.573 and 0.382 and droplet size 272.3nm and 133.6 nm respectively demonstrated maximum antibacterial activity in Agar-well diffusion method against S.aureus, E.coli, and S.typhi. When both nanoemulsions were exposed to bacterial growth curve inhibition study. No potential rise in optical density of test pathogens were observed. The inhibition of bacterial growth may be due to killing action of cinnamon oil nanoemulsion formulations to initial bacterial inoculum added to nutrient broth. The study suggests that nanoemulsion formulations from plant essential oils can be used as natural antimicrobials in variety of products.

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