scholarly journals Rapid detection methods of microbial pathogens in foods – a short survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Barbora Vidová ◽  
Andrej Godány ◽  
Ernest Šturdík
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Microbial Pathogen ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World

During harvesting, processing and handling operations foods may become contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms. This paper is presented as a short survey of recent used laboratory methods for foods microbial pathogen detection, briefly summarizing rapid, specific and sensitive methods useful for foods testing based on immunochemical and nucleic acid technologies. As the world becomes more concerned with safe foods, the demand for rapid detecting will only increase.

Modern Approach to Medical Diagnostics - the Use of Separation Techniques in Microorganisms Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chylewska ◽  
Małgorzata Ogryzek ◽  
Mariusz Makowski
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Food Protection ◽  
Wide Range

Background:Analytical chemistry and biotechnology as an interdisciplinary fields of science have been developed during many years and are experiencing significant growth, to cover a wide range of microorganisms separation techniques and methods, utilized for medical therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Currently scientific reports contribute by introducing electrophoretical and immunological methods and formation of devices applied in food protection (avoiding epidemiological diseases) and healthcare (safety ensuring in hospitals).Methods:Electrophoretic as well as nucleic-acid-based or specific immunological methods have contributed tremendously to the advance of analyses in recent three decades, particularly in relation to bacteria, viruses and fungi identifications, especially in medical in vitro diagnostics, as well as in environmental or food protection.Results:The paper presents the pathogen detection competitiveness of these methods against conventional ones, which are still too time consuming and also labor intensive. The review is presented in several parts following the current trends in improved pathogens separation and detection methods and their subsequent use in medical diagnosis.Discussion:Part one, consists of elemental knowledge about microorganisms as an introduction to their characterization: descriptions of divisions, sizes, membranes (cells) components. Second section includes the development, new technological and practical solution descriptions used in electrophoretical procedures during microbes analyses, with special attention paid to bio-samples analyses like blood, urine, lymph or wastewater. Third part covers biomolecular areas that have created a basis needed to identify the progress, limitations and challenges of nucleic-acid-based and immunological techniques discussed to emphasize the advantages of new separative techniques in selective fractionating of microorganisms.

Assessment Criteria and Approaches for Rapid Detection Methods To Be Used in the Food Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN WIEDMANN ◽  
SIYUN WANG ◽  
LAURIE POST ◽  
KENDRA NIGHTINGALE
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Specific Focus

The number of commercially available kits and methods for rapid detection of foodborne pathogens continues to increase at a considerable pace, and the diversity of methods and assay formats is reaching a point where it is very difficult even for experts to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of different methods and to decide which methods to choose for a certain testing need. Although a number of documents outline quantitative criteria that can be used to evaluate different detection methods (e.g., exclusivity and inclusivity), a diversity of criteria is typically used by industry to select specific methods that are used for pathogen detection. This article is intended to provide an overall outline of criteria that the food industry can use to evaluate new rapid detection methods, with a specific focus on nucleic acid–based detection methods.

Multifunctional Printable Micropattern Array for Digital Nucleic Acid Assay for Microbial Pathogen Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 3098-3108
Author(s):  
Yunho Choi ◽  
Younseong Song ◽  
Yong Tae Kim ◽  
Seok Jae Lee ◽  
Kyoung G. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Microbial Pathogen ◽  
Nucleic Acid Assay

scholarly journals Evaluation of Unsupervised Change Detection Methods Applied to Landslide Inventory Mapping Using ASTER Imagery

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Ramos-Bernal ◽  
René Vázquez-Jiménez ◽  
Raúl Romero-Calcerrada ◽  
Patricia Arrogante-Funes ◽  
Carlos Novillo
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World

Natural hazards include a wide range of high-impact phenomena that affect socioeconomic and natural systems. Landslides are a natural hazard whose destructive power has caused a significant number of victims and substantial damage around the world. Remote sensing provides many data types and techniques that can be applied to monitor their effects through landslides inventory maps. Three unsupervised change detection methods were applied to the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (Aster)-derived images from an area prone to landslides in the south of Mexico. Linear Regression (LR), Chi-Square Transformation, and Change Vector Analysis were applied to the principal component and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data to obtain the difference image of change. The thresholding was performed on the change histogram using two approaches: the statistical parameters and the secant method. According to previous works, a slope mask was used to classify the pixels as landslide/No-landslide; a cloud mask was used to eliminate false positives; and finally, those landslides less than 450 m2 (two Aster pixels) were discriminated. To assess the landslide detection accuracy, 617 polygons (35,017 pixels) were sampled, classified as real landslide/No-landslide, and defined as ground-truth according to the interpretation of color aerial photo slides to obtain omission/commission errors and Kappa coefficient of agreement. The results showed that the LR using NDVI data performs the best results in landslide detection. Change detection is a suitable technique that can be applied for the landslides mapping and we think that it can be replicated in other parts of the world with results similar to those obtained in the present work.

Real-Time Nucleic Acid–Based Detection Methods for Pathogenic Bacteria in Food

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN L. McKILLIP ◽  
MARYANNE DRAKE
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Food Microbiology ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Target Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Enumeration

Quality assurance in the food industry in recent years has involved the acceptance and implementation of a variety of nucleic acid–based methods for rapid and sensitive detection of food-associated pathogenic bacteria. Techniques such as polymerase chain reaction have greatly expedited the process of pathogen detection and have in some cases replaced traditional methods for bacterial enumeration in food. Conventional PCR, albeit sensitive and specific under optimized conditions, obligates the user to employ agarose gel electrophoresis as the means for endpoint analysis following sample processing. For the last few years, a variety of real-time PCR chemistries and detection instruments have appeared on the market, and many of these lend themselves to applications in food microbiology. These approaches afford a user the ability to amplify DNA or RNA, as well as detect and confirm target sequence identity in a closed-tube format with the use of a variety of fluorophores, labeled probes, or both, without the need to run gels. Such real-time chemistries also offer greater sensitivity than traditional gel visualization and can be semiquantitative and multiplexed depending on the specific experimental objectives. This review emphasizes the current systems available for real-time PCR–based pathogen detection, the basic mechanisms and requirements for each, and the prospects for development over the next few years in the food industry.

scholarly journals Development and detection of genetically modified crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Zhao Yu-jia ◽  
Fan Pei-lei ◽  
Liang Liang ◽  
Liu Yin-yin ◽  
Zhao Hai-bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Genetically Modified Crop ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

Genetically modified crops (GMCs) have been known for the excellent qualities. The commercializing of GMCs has taken great economic and social benefits. However, the bio-security of GMCs was still an issue. To solve this problem, countries around the world were constantly strengthening regulations on planting, processing and detecting of GMCs. This paper reviewed the development of commercialization and detection of GMCs. The difference between protein and nucleic acid detection methods of genetically modified crop was further discussed. This paper will provide new insights for the application of genetically modified crops.

scholarly journals Establishment and Application of Reverse Transcription Recombinase-Aided Amplification as A Rapid Detection Method for SARS-COV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lele Ai ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Fuqiang Ye ◽  
Chenxi Ding ◽  
Han Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: By the end of August 2020, >23 million cases and 800,000 deaths were attributed to SARS-CoV-2 in >200 countries. The improvement of simple, rapid, and efficient detection methods is of great significance for the early detection, timely isolation, and protection of susceptible populations. This study aimed to provide an alternative method for the rapid detection of viral nucleic acid.Methods: This study provided a rapid nucleic acid detection method mediated by recombinant enzyme based on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Primers and probes were designed based on the N gene sequence of coronavirus. The method was performed at 39 °C, the detection time was short (<20 min), and the detection limit was up to 101 copies/mL.Results: The primer-probe did not show any cross-reaction with adenovirus, Zika virus, influenza B virus, and chikungunya virus, with good specificity. A total of 106 clinical throat swab samples were compared by reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) and commercial reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR); the results were identical.Conclusions: The novel coronavirus RT-RAA method established in this study had high sensitivity, strong specificity, simple operation, and fast detection speed, and hence, is suitable for the rapid detection of novel coronavirus under the current epidemic situation.

scholarly journals Advanced CRISPR-Cas Effector Enzyme-Based Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, Including COVID-19

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1356
Author(s):  
Sangha Kwon ◽  
Ha Youn Shin
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Time Accuracy

Rapid and precise diagnostic tests can prevent the spread of diseases, including worldwide pandemics. Current commonly used diagnostic methods include nucleic-acid-amplification-based detection methods and immunoassays. These techniques, however, have several drawbacks in diagnosis time, accuracy, and cost. Nucleic acid amplification methods are sensitive but time-consuming, whereas immunoassays are more rapid but relatively insensitive. Recently developed CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection methods have been found to compensate for these limitations. In particular, the unique collateral enzymatic activities of Cas12 and Cas13 have dramatically reduced the diagnosis times and costs, while improving diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity. This review provides a comprehensive description of the distinct enzymatic features of Cas12 and Cas13 and their applications in the development of molecular diagnostic platforms for pathogen detection. Moreover, it describes the current utilization of CRISPR-Cas-based diagnostic techniques to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as recent progress in the development of CRISPR-Cas-based detection strategies for various infectious diseases. These findings provide insights into designing effective molecular diagnostic platforms for potential pandemics.

scholarly journals Establishment and Application of Reverse Transcription Recombinase-aided Amplification as a Rapid Detection Method for SARS-COV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lele Ai ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Fuqiang Ye ◽  
Chenxi Ding ◽  
Han Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: By the end of August 2020, >23 million cases and 800,000 deaths were attributed to SARS-CoV-2 in >200 countries. The improvement of simple, rapid, and efficient detection methods is of great significance for the early detection, timely isolation, and protection of susceptible populations. This study aimed to provide an alternative method for the rapid detection of viral nucleic acid.Methods: This study provided a rapid nucleic acid detection method mediated by recombinant enzyme based on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Primers and probes were designed based on the N gene sequence of coronavirus. The method was performed at 39 °C, the detection time was short (<20 min), and the detection limit was up to 101 copies/mL.Results: The primer-probe did not show any cross-reaction with adenovirus, Zika virus, influenza B virus, and chikungunya virus, with good specificity. A total of 106 clinical throat swab samples were compared by reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) and commercial reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR); the results were identical.Conclusions: The novel coronavirus RT-RAA method established in this study had high sensitivity, strong specificity, simple operation, and fast detection speed, and hence, is suitable for the rapid detection of novel coronavirus under the current epidemic situation.

Dry-reagent-based PCR as a novel tool for the rapid detection of Clostridium spp.

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1588-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Seise ◽  
Sibyll Pollok ◽  
Christian Seyboldt ◽  
Karina Weber
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Clostridium Chauvoei ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
Human And Animal Diseases ◽  
Conventional Detection

Improved conventional PCR techniques are required for the rapid on-site detection of human and animal diseases. In this context, a PCR method using dry-stored reagents intended for the detection of Clostridium spp. is presented. Basic PCR reagents (BSA, PCR buffer, MgCl2 and primers), which were dried on polyolefin matrices, showed stability at ambient temperatures for up to 10 months without any loss of functionality. An outstanding advantage of our amelioration is the elimination of PCR process errors caused by the improper storage and handling of liquid reagents. Moreover, our PCR-based amplification can be performed in less than 30 min, saving time compared with conventional detection methods. Thus, dry-reagent-based PCR is implementable in a suitcase-like modular device for the rapid on-site detection of microbial pathogens such as blackleg of ruminants caused by Clostridium chauvoei.

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