scholarly journals Lexical Characteristics of the Translation of the Russian Newspapers: "Komsomolskaya Pravda" as Example Лексические особенности перевода газетных заголовков (На материале газеты «Комсомольская правда»)

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (45) ◽  
pp. 210-232
Author(s):  
Fatima Ali Aglan ◽  
◽  
Ali Adnan Mashosh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Information ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
The Ideal

The present study discusses the semantic characteristics of the Russian newspapers journalistic headlines (The Russian newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" as Example"). The study traces the characteristics of the Russian newspaper headlines, its relevance to grammar, syntax, lexical items and style. These characteristics in Russian will be investigated and compared to their Arabic correspondents in the process of translation. The study also specifies the meanings and the functions of the newspaper headlines in the light of modern linguistics stressing the grammatical, lexical and stylistic aspects of headlines translation from Russian into Arabic. Journalistic headline reports a piece of information of a piece of news, presents, neutrally, new information related to the main story. The ideal headline is characterized by being composed of only few words carrying lots of significance. Its relevance to the news ought to be clear and answers several inquiries about the story, including: Who, What, When, Where, How and What for. Аннотация Статья посвящена вопросу особенности русского газетного заголовка, обусловлены нормами грамматики, лексики и стиля. Будут выявлены, какие соответствия этим особенностям существуют в русском языке. в статье будет определены значения и функций газетных заголовков в современной лингвистике. А также будет обсуждены Лексико-грамматические и стилистические аспекты при переводе заголовков с русского языка на арабский язык.. заголовок несет информацию по сопутствующей теме и предоставляет новую информацию, относящуюся к основным новостям, с полной беспристрастностью, а идеальный заголовок новости состоит из нескольких слов с множеством коннотаций, а заголовок новости отличается четкой новостной значимостью. поскольку он отвечает на ряд основных вопросов в новостях, в том числе: Кто? и что? И когда? Где? Как? Почему?

scholarly journals The Value of Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Imperfect Information ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
New Information ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Additional Form ◽  
The Ideal

Value of information is a methodology that aims to determine whether it is worth acquiring new information. The acquisition of new data may reduce the uncertainties of the input parameters that define the value of a project. Such a reduction can increase our expectations and consequently the value of the project. The acquisition of data is justifiable only if their cost is less than the project value increases due to an increase in the certainty of the parameters. This article reviews the concepts and methodology of the value of information when the uncertainty is due to a lack of information and discusses an example of this methodology. A decision tree is built for the ideal perfect and imperfect information cases in the example shown and both results are contrasted. It is shown that, in the example discussed, it is worth acquiring the data if their cost is less than the calculated threshold. This article also introduces an additional form of uncertainty that occurs because of ambiguity and will be discussed in a future article.

scholarly journals Are voters influenced by the results of a consensus conference?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Steven Sloman ◽  
Daniella Kupor ◽  
David Yokum
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Rational Argument ◽  
Consensus Conferences ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
New Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract We evaluate whether people will outsource their opinion on public policy to consensus conference participants. The ideal consensus conference brings together a representative sample of citizens and introduces them to the range of perspectives and evidence related to some policy. The sample is given the opportunity to ask questions of experts and to deliberate. Attitudes about each policy are queried before and after the conference to see if the event has changed minds. In general, such conferences do produce opinion shifts. Our hypothesis is that the shift can be leveraged by simply communicating conference results – absent substantive information about the merits of the policies discussed – to scale up the value of conferences to the population at large. In five studies, we tell participants about the impact of a consensus conference on a sample of citizens’ opinions for a range of policies without providing any new information about the inherent value of the policy itself. For several of the policies, we see a shift in opinion. We conclude that the value of consensus conferences can be scaled up simply by telling an electorate about its results. This suggests an economical way to bring evidence and rational argument to bear on citizens’ policy attitudes.

lexical items already brought into play, may actually serve to lighten some aspects of the writing task. The advice a learner needs will vary from person to person and from group to group. For some the main need may be to avoid going around in circles; such learners will need reminding that new information always accompanies repetition in mature writing. For others the need may be to prevent the text drifting; such learners will need telling that repetition usually provides the grounding for new information. In either case, materials may need developing that give the student practice in bonding back to earlier sentences. The well-tried strategy of supply-ing the learners with an incomplete text and asking them to complete it may be adaptable to this purpose; indeed, there is no reason why more than one text organizing principle at a time might not be practised in this way. All of this is rather obvious, but it is easy for second language learners to lose sight of the applicability of what they already know in their first language when faced with the twin tasks of selecting appropriate lexis and avoiding ungram-maticality. As so often is the case with language learning, encouraging the learners to transfer a skill from their first language is half the battle.

2005 ◽  
pp. 128-128
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
First Language ◽  
New Information ◽  
Student Practice ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Writing Task ◽  
Learner Needs

scholarly journals Improving the Quality of Life of Cancer Survivors in School: Consensus Recommendations Using a Delphi Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021
Author(s):  
Santiago Galán ◽  
Catarina Tomé-Pires ◽  
Rubén Roy ◽  
Elena Castarlenas ◽  
Mélanie Racine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
New Information ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
Successful School ◽  
Program Components ◽  
The Ideal

Successful school re-entry is important for children following cancer treatment. However, this process is a challenge for teachers. Objectives: To identify (1) the difficulties and needs that teachers have in helping youth cancer survivors be successful in school, (2) the most effective resources that teachers are currently using for helping them, and (3) the ideal contents for a program that could help teachers in this area. Methods: Twenty-eight teachers participated in a Delphi study. Results: A lack of knowledge regarding how to best help and having to deal with the student’s problems were identified as difficulties. Specific training, psychological support, and advice from health professionals were the most commonly reported needs. Maintaining contact with the family and the students and providing personalized attention were viewed as the most useful resources. Finally, knowledge about the disease itself and how to facilitate successful school re-entry were identified as important program components. Conclusion: The findings provide important new information regarding the lack of both resources and support for teachers who seek to help youth cancer survivors. The findings can be used to inform the development of an intervention to help teachers become more successful in facilitating successful school re-entry.

scholarly journals Tracking an Auto-Regressive Process with Limited Communication per Unit Time

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Rooji Jinan ◽  
Parimal Parag ◽  
Himanshu Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Time Instant ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Spherical Codes ◽  
First Order ◽  
New Information ◽  
Sampling Regime ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Universally Optimal ◽  
The Ideal

Samples from a high-dimensional first-order auto-regressive process generated by an independently and identically distributed random innovation sequence are observed by a sender which can communicate only finitely many bits per unit time to a receiver. The receiver seeks to form an estimate of the process value at every time instant in real-time. We consider a time-slotted communication model in a slow-sampling regime where multiple communication slots occur between two sampling instants. We propose a successive update scheme which uses communication between sampling instants to refine estimates of the latest sample and study the following question: Is it better to collect communication of multiple slots to send better refined estimates, making the receiver wait more for every refinement, or to be fast but loose and send new information in every communication opportunity? We show that the fast but loose successive update scheme with ideal spherical codes is universally optimal asymptotically for a large dimension. However, most practical quantization codes for fixed dimensions do not meet the ideal performance required for this optimality, and they typically will have a bias in the form of a fixed additive error. Interestingly, our analysis shows that the fast but loose scheme is not an optimal choice in the presence of such errors, and a judiciously chosen frequency of updates outperforms it.

scholarly journals The basepoint-freeness threshold of a very general abelian surface

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Main Tool ◽  
Abelian Surface ◽  
Ideal Sheaf ◽  
Abelian Surfaces ◽  
New Information ◽  
In Virtue Of ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Rank Functions

AbstractFor abelian surfaces of Picard rank 1, we perform explicit computations of the cohomological rank functions of the ideal sheaf of one point, and in particular of the basepoint-freeness threshold. Our main tool is the relation between cohomological rank functions and Bridgeland stability. In virtue of recent results of Caucci and Ito, these computations provide new information on the syzygies of polarized abelian surfaces.

Localization of Intracellular Antigens in thin Sections with Ferritin Labeled Antibody

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
M.S. Shahrabadi ◽  
T. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Conjugate Prior ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Specific Attachment ◽  
Intracellular Antigen ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Ideal Method ◽  
The Ideal

The technique of labeling of macromolecules with ferritin conjugated antibody has been successfully used for extracellular antigen by means of staining the specimen with conjugate prior to fixation and embedding. However, the ideal method to determine the location of intracellular antigen would be to do the antigen-antibody reaction in thin sections. This technique contains inherent problems such as the destruction of antigenic determinants during fixation or embedding and the non-specific attachment of conjugate to the embedding media. Certain embedding media such as polyampholytes (2) or cross-linked bovine serum albumin (3) have been introduced to overcome some of these problems.

Criteria and Methods for Reliable Three-Dimensional Image Reconstruction

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 330-331
Author(s):  
R. A. Crowther
Keyword(s):  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Finite Number ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ideal Case ◽  
Dimensional Image ◽  
General Object ◽  
The Ideal

The reconstruction of a three-dimensional image of a specimen from a set of electron micrographs reduces, under certain assumptions about the imaging process in the microscope, to the mathematical problem of reconstructing a density distribution from a set of its plane projections.In the absence of noise we can formulate a purely geometrical criterion, which, for a general object, fixes the resolution attainable from a given finite number of views in terms of the size of the object. For simplicity we take the ideal case of projections collected by a series of m equally spaced tilts about a single axis.

Lattice Imaging of Twin, Lath and α/Martensite Boundaries in Duplex Low Carbon Steels

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
J. Y. Koo ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ferrite Matrix ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Lattice Imaging ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Lattice Image ◽  
New Information ◽  
Resolution Electron

High resolution electron microscopy has been shown to give new information on defects(1) and phase transformations in solids (2,3). In a continuing program of lattice fringe imaging of alloys, we have applied this technique to the martensitic transformation in steels in order to characterize the atomic environments near twin, lath and αmartensite boundaries. This paper describes current progress in this program.Figures A and B show lattice image and conventional bright field image of the same area of a duplex Fe/2Si/0.1C steel described elsewhere(4). The microstructure consists of internally twinned martensite (M) embedded in a ferrite matrix (F). Use of the 2-beam tilted illumination technique incorporating a twin reflection produced {110} fringes across the microtwins.

X-Ray Analysis of Frozen Hydrated Sections:The Unconventional Approach

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 754-757
Author(s):  
R. Beeuwkes ◽  
A. Saubermann ◽  
P. Echlin ◽  
S. Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Ratio Method ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Ideal Method ◽  
Classic Paper ◽  
Physical Principles ◽  
The Ideal

Fifteen years ago, Hall described clearly the advantages of the thin section approach to biological x-ray microanalysis, and described clearly the ratio method for quantitive analysis in such preparations. In this now classic paper, he also made it clear that the ideal method of sample preparation would involve only freezing and sectioning at low temperature. Subsequently, Hall and his coworkers, as well as others, have applied themselves to the task of direct x-ray microanalysis of frozen sections. To achieve this goal, different methodological approachs have been developed as different groups sought solutions to a common group of technical problems. This report describes some of these problems and indicates the specific approaches and procedures developed by our group in order to overcome them. We acknowledge that the techniques evolved by our group are quite different from earlier approaches to cryomicrotomy and sample handling, hence the title of our paper. However, such departures from tradition have been based upon our attempt to apply basic physical principles to the processes involved. We feel we have demonstrated that such a break with tradition has valuable consequences.

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