scholarly journals URBAN ENVIRONMENT DESIGN: NEW METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES BASED ON THE BIOSPHERE COMPATIBILITY PARADIGM (PART 2)

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
V. A. Ilyichev ◽  
V. I. Kolchunov ◽  
N. V. Bakaeva ◽  
A. A. Kormina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Life ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
The City

Statement of the problem. New challenges of our time significantly affect the methodology of urban planning. The development of new principles of city life, regulating the biosphere compatibility of cities and the development of human capital, should be considered an urgent scientific task that requires identifying the patterns of functioning of urban elements of planning structures (residential areas). Results. The paper develops the methodological foundations of urban planning, design and evaluation of design options for residential planning units of the city (quarter, neighborhood, residential area) on the principles of the paradigm of biosphere compatibility of cities and settlements that develop people. A conceptual model of the functional and planning organization of the territory- the hierarchy of city functions - is proposed. An algorithm for evaluating variants of residential area planning projects based on the index of urban function provision has been developed. For each of the functions of the city, the necessary and sufficient composition of indicators for evaluating design decisions is identified. The article discusses the prospect of quantifying the social well-being of the population of residential areas of a biosphere-compatible city as an alternative condition for the formation of a comfortable urban environment.Conclusion. The numerical evaluation of the design solution and a comparative analysis of the level of favorability of a residential neighborhood using the principles of the biosphere compatibility paradigm show what changes are required in the composition of urban planning solutions not only to achieve the quality of the material environment of life, but also human development in all respects.

Urban Environment Design: New Methodological Approaches Based on the Biosphere Compatibility Paradigm (Part 2)

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
В. А. Ильичев ◽  
В. И. Колчунов ◽  
Н. В. Бакаева ◽  
А. А. Кормина
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
The City

Постановка задачи. Новые вызовы современности существенным образом влияют на методологию градостроительства. Актуальной научной задачей, требующей выявления закономерностей функционирования городских элементов планировочных структур (жилых районов), следует считать разработку новых принципов жизнедеятельности города, регламентирующих биосферную совместимость городов и развитие человеческого капитала. Результаты. В работе получили развитие методологические основы градостроительного планирования, проектирования и оценки вариантов проектных решений жилых планировочных единиц города (квартала, микрорайона, жилого района) на принципах парадигмы биосферной совместимости городов и поселений, развивающих человека. Предложена концептуальная модель функционально-планировочной организации территории - иерархия функций города. Разработан алгоритм оценки вариантов проектов планировки жилых районов на основе индекса обеспеченности городскими функциями. Для каждой из функций города определен необходимый и достаточный состав индикаторов оценки проектных решений. Обсуждается перспектива количественной оценки социального благополучия населения жилых районов биосферосовместимого города как безальтернативного условия формирования комфортной городской среды. Вывод. Выполненная численная оценка проектного решения и сравнительный анализ уровня благоприятности жилого микрорайона с использованием принципов парадигмы биосферной совместимости показывают, какие изменения требуются в составе градостроительных решений не только для достижений качества материальной среды жизнедеятельности, но и для развития человека во всех отношениях. Statement of the problem. New challenges of our time significantly affect the methodology of urban planning. The development of new principles of city life, regulating the biosphere compatibility of cities and the development of human capital, should be considered an urgent scientific task that requires identifying the patterns of functioning of urban elements of planning structures (residential areas). Results. The paper develops the methodological foundations of urban planning, design and evaluation of design options for residential planning units of the city (quarter, neighborhood, residential area) on the principles of the paradigm of biosphere compatibility of cities and man-made settlements.. A conceptual model of the functional and planning organization of the territory-the hierarchy of city functions is set forth. An algorithm for evaluating variants of residential area planning projects based on the index of urban function provision has been developed. For each of the functions of the city, the necessary and sufficient composition of indicators for evaluating design decisions is identified. The article discusses the prospect of quantifying the social well-being of the population of residential areas of a biosphere-compatible city as an alternative condition for the formation of a comfortable urban environment. Conclusion. The numerical evaluation of the design solution and a comparative analysis of the level of favorability of a residential neighborhood using the principles of the biosphere compatibility paradigm show what changes are required in the composition of urban planning solutions not only to achieve the quality of the material environment of life, but also for human development in all respects.

Traditional Urban Planning Approaches and Sustainable City

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Syful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
City Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Planning Approaches

The quality of city life and well being of city dwellers is central goal of urban planning approaches. Nevertheless, unsystematic and short-term planning approaches of cities have produced incomprehensible sprawl, which deteriorates social, economic and ecological sustainability of the city. The need to alleviate or remove these problems systematically for improving the social, ecological, spatial and economical components of the city is contemporary issue, though most of the planning systems do not yet explicitly address those issues of sustainability. This paper considers Urban planning as a key term as it has the capability to reveal the implications of land use strategies, policies and programmes for the social, economic and physical components of environment. In addition, all the traditional urban planning approaches have outlined to explore their soundness in the sustainable city planning, discuss the main approach followed for sustainable city planning, and outline emerging approach in both theory and sustainable city planning practice.

scholarly journals How Do Urban Neighbourhoods Impact Parents’ Subjective Well-being?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Jaana Poikolainen ◽  
Kati Honkanen
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Introduction: In this paper, parents’ well-being is examined from their subjective point of view of their living experiences in a certain residential area. The subjective viewpoint is relevant as the focus of the research is interlinked with residential areas. Aims: The research aims to determine what meaning parents ascribe to their residential area (suburb or city centre) as a space for physical, social and psychological well-being. It also aims to discover whether there are qualitative differences between the given meanings of parents living in different areas. Methods: The data were acquired through semi-structured interviews with parents who live in a suburb or the city centre of Lahti, Finland. Data analysis was conducted using abductive thematic analysis. Results: The results revealed that physical, social and psychological spaces were experienced differently depending on the residential area in question. In parents’ narration about the physical space, in both areas the basic services were defined as valuable for well-being. Parents living in the suburb experienced the natural environment as an important source of well-being. When talking about the social space, the parents living in the suburb emphasised social networks and the importance of building well-being bridges in their neighbourhood, unlike the city dwellers. The psychological space was connected to the reputation and security of the residential area. An important well-being factor for all parents was the well-being of their children, with an emphasis on the safety of the residential area. Discussion: Subjective assessments of neighbourhood attributes are more important in explaining neighbourhood satisfaction than any perceived reputation. Parents’ ways of thinking and acting in certain residential areas appear to tie in with the social capital that forms social resources. Almost all parents who participated in this research estimated their well-being as rather high, irrespective of their socioeconomic status, but the city centre residents rated their well-being even higher.

Discussing Intrinsic Association between the Urban Function Zoning and the City Fast and Efficient — Case of Urumqi

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2318-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Jie Chen ◽  
Xiang Hong Hu ◽  
Yao Qi ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Heng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Functions

In view of the overall space of Urumqi, use of overall space is not sufficient, detail partition in the major functional divisions is imperfect, land functional structure is irrational, city operation is not efficient, traffic congestion, air pollution is serious, etc, use optimizing the urban functional divisions method, study on inter-relate between the city urban functions zoning and urban effective and efficient, through its intrinsic link explore optional ideas to find a perfect urban planning.

I am the river. The river is me

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
Legal Personhood ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The People ◽  
Life Force ◽  
The City

<p>Throughout Aotearoa-New Zealand many of our landscape features are deeply connected to whakapapa (genealogy/lineage) and hold grave amounts of cultural and spiritual significance to tangata whenua (indigenous people). One prominent example of this is the Whanganui River. Throughout history being seen as a sacred source, the recent acquisition of legal personhood has witnessed the acknowledgement of its mauri (life force) and future well-being. Being a widely used and respected waterway, the river holds identifiable character and meaning throughout its journey through the Manawatu. </p> <p>With the scope set with the city of Whanganui, something that is lost with the reaches of the urban river environment is the ability to convey these ideas and values to the people of the city. Many significant sites and history are lost to the standardization of the river’s edge. This added with the issue of flooding leaves areas lacking in connection and resilience. With a river surrounded in cultural importance and personhood, how can these ideas be conveyed to people less familiar, but still respect the values of local iwi (tribe) and the river itself? </p> <p>This design-led research aims to explore the ideas and values behind Te awa tupua, and how the contrasting perspectives of nature and culture can be understood and re-thought in regards to the riverside landscape. Focusing on the understanding of values, history, connection and health. The research uses a built framework to guide decision making. While the design solution acts to improve the cultural and spiritual presence along the river’s edge. Utilizing forgotten areas of land along the river’s journey, old Pā sites are resurfaced and reconnected to the city. While the connection the riverside landscape has been rethought to bring the idea of ownership and use, back to the river environment itself. </p>

HISTORICALLY FORMED STRUCTURE OF THE GARDENING SYSTEM INTHE CENTER OF YEREVAN AND ITS MODERN PROBLEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
V.S. Teodoronsky ◽  
◽  
V.A. Leonova ◽  
K.K. Vardanyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Current State ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Formed Structure

The article examines the historical, landscape and urban planning features of Yerevan, which determined the planning structure and development of the city's greening system. The analysis of the city relief in terms of heights and natural types of landscapes is given. Particular attention is paid to the description of urban planning axes and compositional nodes of the landscaping system, created during the Soviet period according to the general plan of 1937.For the first time, the structure and types of tree plantations of squares and city streets are analyzed, depending on their functional purpose and location in the city. The description of the design solution for the Children’s railway in the gorge of Hrazdan river and the station building, as well as the widespread assortment of the trees and bushes in the city in the Soviet period. The main problems of the current state of the green areas of the center are considered and the directions of reorganization of the city greening system are given. The ways of solving existing problems by the introducing regulations for the preservation of existing plantings in center of Yerevan and the prospects for their development are proposed.

scholarly journals Idræt og byplanlægning - med København som case

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Eskelund
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Large City ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Central Section ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
City Life ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
The City

Sport and urban planning – with Copenhagen as case study This article deals with the field of sport and urban planning in large cities, with special focus on the municipality of Copenhagen from 1988-2003. In the first place a situation marked by decline is shown to have existed in the field of sport in Copenhagen over recent years (especially in the central section of the city). This provides the opportunity to pose the question of primary concern: How can sport, city life and urban planning be conceived in relation to future guidelines on the politics of sport and on urban planning in a large city such as Copenhagen? The task here is to recommend a way out of decline through an analysis of the area of “sport and urban planning”. Looked at more specifically, in an attempt to break with possibly restrictive thinking patterns, questions have to asked as to the reasoning behind existing politics on this area. What forms of authoritative and legitimate rationalization (and what conditions of power) have been dominating the politics of sport in Copenhagen from 1988- 2003? And how should future guidelines be formulated in order to make sport a more integral part of the city? On this matter a hypothesis is put forward here that sport in a municipal context is subject to a dominant planning norm, which is devoted to an idea of “obligational fellowship”, and that this norm can be restrictive in regard to new thinking on how to make sport a more integral part of the city.

scholarly journals Some aspects of sustainable urban planning using environmental solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042024
Author(s):  
Natalya Sineeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Functional Design ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Design With Nature ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Sustainable Urbanization

Abstract The ecological aspect of urbanization is reflected in the fact that cities are increasingly concentrating all types of environmental pollution, which become serious problems of the deteriorating of people living conditions. In the Future megalopolises more than 70% of the population will live in the next few decades according to the UN report. It is necessary to make all conditions for the ideas implementation of comfortable and safe cities. Research and innovation of ecological solutions for eco-cities includes four directions. The article discusses one of them, it is the Enhancing the sustainable urbanization, its classification, which include the sustainable Urban Planning with the Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS) approach. The article provides functions and advantages of SuDS systems. Particular attention is paid to the zones of forgotten urban spaces. These zones can improve business and residential areas, as multi-functional design with nature can create new dynamic spaces that increase property values, thereby attracting investors, improving citizens’ well-being. The article provides some examples of draft designs for the improvement of the coastal zones of the Yeltsovka-2 River, located in the area of Zaeltsovsky Park.

scholarly journals USING CONTEXTUAL CUES IN UNDERSTANDING URBAN MENTAL WELL-BEING

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W1-2021 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
T. Perez Oteiza ◽  
L. Kelly ◽  
P. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
City Life ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The City

Abstract. It is well established that city life can impact on individuals’ mental well-being. Factors associated with modes of transport in a city, such as cycle corridors and the reliability of bus network, and environment factors, such as availability of green spaces, have been shown to relate to individuals’ well-being in the city. Smart cities contain a wealth of digital data which has been used in the management and organisation of cities. Such data is gathered from sensors, networks and systems which contain rich insights on factors associated with city life. Such as, for example, the availability of open spaces in the city, traffic congestion, and air quality levels. We propose that these smart city data sources and data flows can act as contextual cues to indicate the mental well-being of individuals in the city. That is, we propose harnessing indicators and patterns in datasets known to be associated with well-being, and using these as contextual cues for automated city well-being level estimation. In this initial investigation, we focus on contextual cues associated with active travel and transportation, environmental information and green infrastructure. We propose an AI-based system which uses these contextual cues to generate an indicator of mental well-being in the city.

scholarly journals How the City of Utrecht develops a Health and Equity in all Policies approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Weber
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
The City

Abstract Public health policy, spatial and environmental policies are within the Dutch municipalities’ competencies. In 2021 a new act will be implemented, in which todays’ more sectoral acts and decrees will be integrated into the so-called (Healthy) Living environment act. This will require more integrated, inter-sectoral and multi-level governance approaches. And new topics and societal challenges, such as health, sustainability and resilience, are introduced within the physical planning domains. Dutch reviews learn that public health and social domains are collaborating quite well at the local level. The cooperation and integration of health, environmental and spatial planning, on the other hand, often is less or even absent. In Utrecht, though, the latter inter-sectoral approach is strong; health in all policies has been the ‘mantra’ since several years. Supported and institutionalized through strong political leadership, and inter-disciplinary teams at neighbourhood and city level, for policy development and implementation in line with the city’s ambitions of Healthy Urban Living for Everybody. Utrecht is the healthiest and fastest growing city in the Netherlands, and aims to use its growth (in population, jobs, houses, etc.) to address health inequalities. The city is linking spatial challenges with social challenges, building and improving houses and residential areas for all citizens. A new initiative, called social renovations, will be explored and reviewed within the JAHEE process. This initiative addresses many of the relevant topics, such as healthy living environment planning, stakeholder involvement and specifically reaching ‘hard to reach groups’, and improving housing and public space conditions and subsequently health and well-being of vulnerable groups.

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