scholarly journals Аsthma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laine Francuzevica
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Asthma Guideline ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Exercise Induced

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory tract diseases (about 7% of adults and about 10% of adolescents and children suffer from asthma in the Russian Federation). Astma frequencies of occurrence dont depend from sex or age in population. Numbers of asthmatic patients in the world increase every year. The majority of patients suffering asthma well respond to conventional therapies and successful control disease, but 20-30% of the patients have severe phenotypes asthma resisting for known medicines, therefore they achieve control for asthma very rare. Patients with severe asthma frequently need hospitalizations (up to 30%) and intensive care (4-7%). The clinical asthma guideline has goals to optimize patient care, up-to-date information about the epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. The text contains actual data about asthma classification, its clinical signs, modern diagnostics (clinical, laboratory and instrumental) inclunded the differential diagnostics of astma. There are chapters about asthma treatment, rehabilitation and prevention in the guideline. Authors detailed describe existing healthcare options for asthmatic patients and the features of diasgnostics and care in partial groups of population (adolescents, pregnant or nursing women, persons with occupational or exercise-induced or severe phenotype asthma). The clinical guideline are recommended for medical doctors (independendently from qualification), under- and postgraduate students, universities tutors, residents and researchers.

scholarly journals Enteroparasitic occurrence in fecal samples analyzed at the University of Western São Paulo-UNOESTE clinical laboratory, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo State, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nair Toshiko Tashima ◽  
Maria Jacira Silva Simões
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Bank Structure ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Medical Attendance ◽  
The University

This study aims to analyze the enteroparasitic occurrence in children from 0 to 12 years old consulted at the University of western São Paulo Clinical Laboratory, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil, in relation to the socioeconomic profile of the attended children. Stool samples were examined and a questionnaire was applied with the objective of knowing the patient's age, sex, medical attendance, characteristic of the habitation, provisioning of water, dejection and domestic waste fates, use of footwear and clinical signs. The software EPI INFO 6 (Version 6.04b) was used for the elaboration of the data bank structure and analysis after previous data codification. Among 1,000 children analyzed, as many as 21.3% presented some kind of parasite. The most frequent protozoan was Giardia lamblia (7.3%) followed by Entamoeba coli (3.9%). The most frequent helminth was Enterobius vermicularis (1.9%) followed by Hymenolepis nana (0.5%). The most frequent protozoan association was Giardia lamblia / Entamoeba coli (0.9%).

scholarly journals Skin signs in acute pancreatitis: a case report

2013 ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Marco Bassi ◽  
Gelorma Belmonte ◽  
Paola Billi ◽  
Angelo Pasquale ◽  
Massimo Reta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pancreatic Fluid Collection ◽  
Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage ◽  
Skin Signs

Introduction: Subcutaneous manifestations of severe acute pancreatitis (Cullen’s sign, Gray- Turner’s sign, Fox’s sign, and Bryant’s sign) are often discussed in journals and textbooks, but seldom observed. Although historically associated with acute pancreatitis, these clinical signs have been described in various other conditions associated with retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Case report: We describe the case of a 61-year-old male with no history of alcohol intake, who was admitted for epigastric pain, vomiting, and increasing serum amylase and lipase levels. Five days after admission, ecchymotic skin discoloration was noted over both flanks (Gray-Turner’s sign) and the upper third of the thighs (Fox’s sign). Ten days later, he developed multiorgan failure and was transferred to the ICU for 5 days. Computed tomography revealed a large pancreatic fluid collection, which was subjected to EUS-guided drainage. Cholecystectomy was later performed for persistent obstructive jaundice. After more than 4 months of hospitalization, he died as a result of severe gastrointestinal bleeding. Discussion and conclusions: Skin manifestations of retroperitoneal hemorrhage in a patient with acute pancreatitis indicate a stormy disease course and poor prognosis. The severity of acute pancreatitis is currently estimated with validated scoring systems based on clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings. However, skin signs like the ones discussed above can represent a simple and inexpensive parameter for evaluating the severity and prognosis of this disease.

scholarly journals Muscle damage and inflammation during recovery from exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Peake ◽  
Oliver Neubauer ◽  
Paul A. Della Gatta ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Exercise Induced

Unaccustomed exercise consisting of eccentric (i.e., lengthening) muscle contractions often results in muscle damage characterized by ultrastructural alterations in muscle tissue, clinical signs, and symptoms (e.g., reduced muscle strength and range of motion, increased muscle soreness and swelling, efflux of myocellular proteins). The time course of recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage depends on the extent of initial muscle damage, which in turn is influenced by the intensity and duration of exercise, joint angle/muscle length, and muscle groups used during exercise. The effects of these factors on muscle strength, soreness, and swelling are well characterized. By contrast, much less is known about how they affect intramuscular inflammation and molecular aspects of muscle adaptation/remodeling. Although inflammation has historically been viewed as detrimental for recovery from exercise, it is now generally accepted that inflammatory responses, if tightly regulated, are integral to muscle repair and regeneration. Animal studies have revealed that various cell types, including neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, CD8 and T-regulatory lymphocytes, fibro-adipogenic progenitors, and pericytes help to facilitate muscle tissue regeneration. However, more research is required to determine whether these cells respond to exercise-induced muscle damage. A large body of research has investigated the efficacy of physicotherapeutic, pharmacological, and nutritional interventions for reducing the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage, with mixed results. More research is needed to examine if/how these treatments influence inflammation and muscle remodeling during recovery from exercise.

Relationship between Plasma Cortisol and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Exercise-Induced Asthma and the Effect of Sodium Cromoglycate

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
P. Jaffe ◽  
P. König ◽  
O. Ijaduola ◽  
S. Walker ◽  
S. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Exercise Induced

1. The changes in peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and plasma cortisol were studied in relation to a 6 min period of treadmill running in six normal and eighteen asthmatic subjects. Of the asthmatics patients, five were not receiving treatment with steroids, six were receiving low doses of steroids (under 7·5 mg of prednisone daily) and seven were receiving high doses of steroids (over 7·5 mg of prednisone daily) at the time of study. 2. All subjects were studied twice within 1 week at similar times of day, once after premedication with sodium cromoglycate (SCG) and once after a placebo. 3. Resting PEF and plasma cortisol did not differ between placebo and SCG tests. 4. No change in PEF occurred as a result of exercise in the control subjects. The asthmatic patients developed post-exercise bronchoconstriction which was partly prevented by SCG but was not affected by steroids. 5. Plasma cortisol rose after exercise in the asthmatic subjects but not in the control subjects. The rise may have been related to the stress of exercise-induced asthma. SCG had no significant effect on plasma cortisol after exercise.

Cromolyn Sodium: A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Use in Asthma

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Murphy ◽  
H. William Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cromolyn Sodium ◽  
Inhalation Technique ◽  
Chronic Asthma ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Steroid Dependent ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
Metered Dose ◽  
Exercise Induced

The cellular and clinical pharmacology of cromolyn sodium are reviewed. Cromolyn sodium inhibits the release of mediators of inflammation, induced by specific antigens as well as nonspecific mechanisms, such as exercise, from mast cells. Cromolyn may also inhibit the activity of other cell types that produce inflammation. It is the only antiasthmatic that blocks both early and late asthmatic responses induced by allergen inhalation and exercise. Consequently, cromolyn therapy can block the increase in bronchial hyperreactivity induced by chronic allergen exposure. Cromolyn is effective for controlling the symptoms of mild to moderate chronic asthma in 60 to 70 percent of patients. In comparative studies, cromolyn has been as effective as theophylline for controlling symptoms of chronic asthma with fewer side effects, and may be particularly suited for asthmatic patients with learning or behavioral problems. The combination of theophylline and cromolyn is often more effective than either agent alone. Because of the convenience of administration, cromolyn is preferred over theophylline for exercise-induced asthma. Cromolyn may allow the corticosteroid dosage to be reduced in severe steroid-dependent asthmatics, but it is primarily indicated for the prophylaxis of mild to moderate disease. Adverse reactions to cromolyn are uncommon to rare. Cromolyn is now available in a Spinhaler, a metered-dose aerosol, and a nebulizer solution. If taken properly all preparations appear to be equally effective. Attention to proper inhalation technique and appropriate education of the patient is essential to ensure a good outcome with cromolyn.

scholarly journals QUALITY AND SAFETY MONITORING OF WATER BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES FROM WATER BODIES OF THE CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Nina A. Golovina ◽  
N. N. Romanova ◽  
P. P. Golovin ◽  
A. V. Zdrok
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. There have been given results of the assessment of quality and safety of hydrobionts exampled by fishes as main objects of amateurish fishing in water bodies of the Central Feddral District of the Russian Federation. Fishery water bodies on this territory are exposed to anthropogenic impacts and lead in the concerning volume of polluted effluent discharge in Russia. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality and safety of hydrobionts on the example of fish - the main objects of amateur fishing in the reservoirs of the Central District of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. Fish catching was carried out in the summer-autumn period in 2013-2017. The volume of the survey sample was about 1500 fishes. The species composition of helminths in 15 fish species from three families Cyprinidae, Percidae and pike (Esocidae)is was determined by parasitological examination. The safety of fish was evaluated using parasitological and toxicological methods. Results. Fish from water bodies of the Lipetsk, Tambov, Belgorod, Bryansk and Tver areas has been ascertained to be facultatively available for human consumption. Clinical signs of the disease were observed in fish infected with metacercariae trematodes (posthodiplostomum and apophallus) in the form of black spots on the body. Among the detected worms, 2 species can be potentially dangerous for warm-blooded animals and humans - Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Trematoda: Opisthorchidae) and Apophallus muehlingi (Trematoda: Heterophyidae). Analysis of fish contamination with heavy metals showed excess of the permissible cadmium content in fish tissues. Conclusion. The conducted research showed the urgency and social significance of studies on monitoring for water objects and the need to implement the preventive work with the population in such a densely populated part of the Russian Federation as the Central Federal District.

scholarly journals Clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and anatomopathological aspects of 30 cases of traumatic reticulosplenitis in cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 669-676
Author(s):  
Tatiane V. Silva ◽  
Jobson Filipe P. Cajueiro ◽  
Nivan Antônio A. Silva ◽  
Rodolfo José C. Souto ◽  
Luiz T. Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Splenic Vein ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Ultrasound Findings ◽  
Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis

ABSTRACT: Ingestion of metallic and/or sharp foreign bodies triggers cases of traumatic reticuloperitonitis and its sequelae in cattle. Among these sequelae, we can highlight traumatic reticulosplenitis, that has high mortality, although its frequency in the ruminant medicine is low. Therefore, based on the scarcity of information on this disease, the current study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and pathological findings of 30 adult cattle diagnosed with traumatic reticulosplenitis. Clinical, ultrasound, and anatomopathological findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics and laboratory data were evaluated using measures of central tendency. Clinically the animals presented dehydration and alterations in behavior, appetite, and ruminal motility. Hematological findings revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis (37077.17±25004.59cell/μL) with regenerative left shift and hyperfibrinogenemia (1130±364.98mg/dL). The ultrasound examination enabled visualization of mobile and echogenic filaments that corresponded to the presence of fibrin adhesions. Displacement of the reticulum and irregularity in its contour, as well as alterations in the quantity, pattern, and amplitude of reticular contractions were also observed. Splenic alterations such as abscesses were found, characterized as circular structures of varying sizes delimited by capsules containing variable echogenicity. Splenic vein thrombosis and spleen folding were also observed. The results obtained in the current study indicated that traumatic reticulosplenitis causes nonspecific clinical signs, severe laboratory alterations and, mainly, that ultrasound is an efficient method for the diagnosis of this disease, since the anatomopathological lesions confirmed the ultrasound findings.

scholarly journals CRITERIA OF RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY: EVIDENCE FROM HIV TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
N. B. Rostova ◽  
N. A. Gudilina
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Minimum Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

Results of evaluation of the impact of drugs on indicators of clinical laboratory diagnostics as a criterion of safety of therapy are presented. Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection was chosen as an example. Information from official sources (summary of product characteristics and medicinal product labels) on the potential impact of antiretroviral drugs registered in the Russian Federation on indicators of clinical laboratory diagnostics was analyzed and systematized. Individual INN and antiretroviral regimens recommended by WHO documents and protocols of follow-up and treatment of patients with HIV infection in the Russian Federation with the maximum and minimum potential impact on indicators of clinical laboratory diagnostics were revealed. The research results can be used to develop recommendations for the rational choice, prescription and use of medicines.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children compared with adults in Shandong, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Du ◽  
Jinhong Yu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaoguo Zhang ◽  
Shouwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Positive Indicators ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Abstract Aims & Background: The COVID-19 outbreak spread in China and is a threat to the world. We reported on the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children cases to help health workers better understand and provide timely diagnosis and treatment.Methods: Retrospectively, two research centers’ case series of 67 consecutive hospitalized cases including 14 children cases with COVID-19 between 23 Jan 2020 to 15 Feb 2020 from Jinan and Rizhao were enrolled in this study. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children and adults were analyzed and compared.Results: Most cases in children were mild(21.4%) and conventional cases(78.6%), with mild clinical signs and symptoms, and all cases were of family clusters. Fever (35.7%) and dry cough(21.4%) were described as clinical manifestations in children cases. Dry cough and phlegm were not the most common symptoms in children compared with adults(p=0.03). In the early stages of the disease, lymphocyte counts did not significantly decline but neutrophils counts did in children compared with adults(p=0.00).There was an elevated level of LDH(p=0.01) and a lower level of CRP(p=0.00)and IL-6(p=0.01) in children compared with adults. There were 8 (57.1%)asymptomatic cases and 6 (42.9%)symptomatic cases among the 14 children cases. The age of asymptomatic patients was younger than that of symptomatic patients(p=0.03). Even among asymptomatic patients, 5(62.5%)cases had pneumonia including 3 (60%) cases with bilateral pneumonia, which was not different compared with that of asymptomatic cases(p=0.58, p=0.74).Conclusions: The clinical symptoms of children are mild, and the positive indicators of laboratory tests are rare, which may easily cause clinical misdiagnoses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document