scholarly journals BASIC CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING THE COMPLICATIONS DURING MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Volodymyr I. Boiko ◽  
Alla V. Boychuk ◽  
Irina M. Nikitina ◽  
Tetyana V. Babar ◽  
Alesya V. Boiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: In order to evaluate the value of the Placenta Growth Factor (PlGF) in the developing the gestational complications during multiple pregnancies, a study of this indicator in serum of 320 pregnant women with multiple pregnancies in the first trimester, as well as 40 pregnant women with single pregnancy, constituted a control group. The aim: of the study is to investigate the effect of the placental growth factors on gestational process during multiple pregnancies. Materials and methods: A prospective study of maternity pregnancy in 320 females with multiple pregnancies was conducted, which comprised the main group of the subjects and 40 healthy women with unipolar pregnancy. The level of PlGF in serum was determined by solid phase enzyme analysis using monoclonal antibody sets in the first trimester of pregnancy. Indicators of the hemostasis system (vascular thrombocyte and coagulation link) were evaluated according to generally accepted methods. Dopplerometry of placental and fetal blood flow was performed in uterine arteries, arteries and umbilical cord veins, middle cerebral artery of the fetus. Results: Women with multiple pregnancies are at the risk of gestational complications - premature births in 67.8% (p <0.01), feto placental dysfunction, pre eclampsia - in 17.5% (p <0.05) cases. The revealed violations of the vascular thrombocyte and coagulation homeostasis in the first trimester of pregnancy are the main risk factors for early premature abortion. It has been shown that the low level of placental growth factor in serum of pregnant women with multiple pregnancies in the case of premature labor, feto placental dysfunction and pre-eclampsia (111.23 ± 8.4, 203.24 ± 6.4 and 305.86 ± 7.4 pg / ml) compared with the corresponding indicators for single-pregnancy (418.2 ± 10.4 pg / ml) is a prognostic marker for the development of gestational complications. Conclusions: Timely medical correction of gestational complications during multiple pregnancies with the use of micronized progesterone, low molecular weight heparins, angio protectants allowed prolonging the pregnancy with mono choric type of placentation by 3.2 weeks (up to 34.2 ± 2.4 weeks), and in the case of dichoric twins - to full-term pregnancy.

scholarly journals Clinical and Pathogenetic Causes of Developing Complications in Multiple Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. E202016
Author(s):  
Iryna Nikitina ◽  
Volodymyr Boiko ◽  
Tetiana Babar ◽  
Natalia Kalashnik ◽  
Nataliia Ikonopistseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

To assess the role of the placental growth factor in the development of gestational complications during multiple pregnancy, there was conducted a study of this indicator in serum of 320 pregnant women with multiple pregnancy in the first trimester and 40 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy (the control group).          The objective of the research was to study the effect of placental growth factors on the gestational process in multiple pregnancy.          Materials and Methods. There was conducted a prospective study of pregnancy and childbirth in 320 females with multiple pregnancy (the main group) and 40 healthy women with singleton pregnancy. The level of serum placental growth factor was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies in the first trimester of pregnancy. The indicators of the hemostasis system (vascular, platelet and coagulation components) were evaluated according to generally accepted methods. Doppler ultrasound of the placental and fetal blood flow was performed in the uterine arteries, the umbilical artery and vein, the fetal middle cerebral artery.          Results. Women with multiple pregnancy were at high risk of developing gestational complications such as preterm deliveries (67.8%, p<0.01), placental dysfunction, pre-eclampsia (17.5%, p<0.05). The disorders of the vascular platelet and coagulation hemostasis in the first trimester of pregnancy were the main risk factors for early termination of pregnancy. Low level of serum placental growth factor in pregnant women with multiple pregnancy in case of preterm delivery, placental dysfunction and pre-eclampsia (111.23 ± 8.4, 203.24 ± 6.4 and 305.86 ± 7.4 pg/ml), in comparison with the corresponding indicators in singleton pregnancy (418.2 ± 10.4 pg/ml), was proven to be a prognostic marker for the development of gestational complications.          Conclusions. Timely correction of gestational complications in multiple pregnancy with micronized progesterone, low molecular weight heparins, angio-protective agents allowed us to prolong pregnancy with monochorionic placentation type for 3.2 weeks (up to 34.2 ± 2.4 weeks) and provide full-time delivery of dichorionic twin pregnancy.

scholarly journals Preeclampsia and level of oxidative stress in the first trimester of pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 633-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Bogavac ◽  
Ana Jakovljevic ◽  
Zoran Stajic ◽  
Aleksandra Nikolic ◽  
Mirjana Milosevic-Tosic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background/Aim. Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic syndrome that complicates 5?8% of all pregnancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in the first trimester of pregnancy in patients with preeclampsia, with the purpose of comparing the level of oxidative stress with normal pregnancy. Methods. The study was conducted as a prospective study. It included totally 107 pregnant women divided into two groups. In the study group (n = 33) there were women who developed preeclampsia in the current pregnancy. The control group (n = 74) included healthy pregnant women. Blood samples were taken between 11th and 14th weeks of gestation, and the values of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined in serum by enzymatic colorimetric methods. Results. The values of SOD and GHS-Px were statistically higher in the study group, while the values of TAS were statistically higher in the control group. The level of TAS inversely correlated with GSH-Px and SOD, but there is no statistically significant correlation between GSHPx and SOD in the study group. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest a higher level of oxidative stress in the first trimester of pregnancy with preeclampsia, which may indicate that the initiation and development of pathophysiological processes underlying preeclampsia start much earlier than the clinical syndrome exhibit.

Optimisation of tactics of conducting pregnancy and labours at women after auxiliary reproductive technologies

2016 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
D.N. Maslo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Two Stages

The objective: frequency decrease perinatal pathologies at women after ART on the basis of studying clinical-ehografical, endocrinological, biochemical, dopplerometrical, cardiotokografical and morphological researches, and also improvement of algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Patients and methods. The work basis is made spent by us from 2012 on 2015 by complex inspection of 300 pregnant women from which 250 were after ART and 50 – firstlabours which pragnency without ART, and also their newborns. For the decision of an object in view of research spent to two stages. At 1 stage spent prosperctive research which included 150 pregnant women: з them 100 women pregnancy at which has come out ART (1 group) and 50 healthy women (control group). At 2 stage spent prospective randomization in which result of patients after ART have divided on two equal groups by therapy principle: 2 basic group - 75 pregnant women after ART at which used the algorithm improved by us; 3 group of comparison - 75 pregnant women after ART which have been spent on the standard treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Results. The results suggest that women after using ART is a high frequency of reproductive losses in the first trimester (10.0%), 3.0% of spontaneous abortion from 16 to 22 weeks, and 3.0% "early" premature delivery (22 to 28 weeks of pregnancy). The frequency of violations of the functional state of placenta in women after using IVF is 63.0%, which is the main cause of high levels of perinatal losses (40.0 ‰), and delivery by cesarean section (96.0%). Placental dysfunction in women after using ART characterized by retrohorialnyh hematoma (21.0%); size mismatch fruit (30.0%) and hypertonicity of the uterus (73.0%) against changes in fruit-placental blood flow - increased resistance index in umbilical artery and increased vascular resistance in the uterine arteries. Endocrinological and biochemical changes in placental dysfunction in women after using IVF starting from 28 weeks of pregnancy and are in significant reduction in progesterone, placental b1-microglobulin, B2-microglobulin of fertility and trophic в-glycoprotein. Conclusion. The received results: use of the algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions improved by us allows to lower frequency of spontaneous interruption of pregnancy till 22 weeks – from 13.0% to 5.7%; «early» premature birth – from 3.0% to 1.0%; placentary dysfunction from 63.0% to 40.6%; cesarean sections – from 96.0% to 56.5%, and also perinatal losses – from 40.0‰ to 16.2‰. Key words: pregnancy, childbirth, auxiliary reproductive technologies.

scholarly journals LABOR COURSE AND CONDITION OF NEWBORNS IN WOMEN WITH PLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION DUE TO GESTATIONAL ENDOTHELIOPATHY

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (9(49)) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
V. V. Lazurenko ◽  
I. B. Borzenko ◽  
D. Yu. Tertyshnik
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of placental dysfunction caused by gestational endotheliopathy on the course of labor and the condition of the newborn. The first group consisted of 70 patients with placental dysfunction with gestational endotheliopathy confirmed by laboratory-instrumental findings in the first trimester of pregnancy. The control group included 30 pregnant women with physiological gestational course. PD secondary to GE leads to preterm birth, fetal distress, increases the percentage of caesarean section, contributes to the delay of fetal growth and birth weight, poor infant status and perinatal complications.

Pregnancy after influenza in the first trimester

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
V.V. Kaminskyi ◽  
◽  
O.I. Zhdanovich ◽  
T.V. Kolomiychenko ◽  
A.D. Derkach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

The endpoint of the negative impact of adverse processes in the mother’s body with influenza is the formation of placental insufficiency, the basis of which is a violation of the uteroplacental blood flow. The objective: to study the features of the course of pregnancy, the state of the fetus and the newborn after the influenza in the first trimester of pregnancy. Materials and methods. 120 women who had the influenza in the first trimester of pregnancy were examined. In 68 (56.7%) pregnant women signs of feto-placental dysfunction were observed, 2 groups were distinguished: the main group - 68 patients with feto-placental dysfunction, the comparison group – 52 pregnant women without signs of feto-placental insufficiency. Results. 3 times more often than women without manifestations of placental insufficiency (42.6% versus 15.4%; p<0.05) a severe course of influenza was observed, it accompanied by a high frequency of clinical manifestations, including in almost all patients (95.6% versus 67.3%; p<0.05), body temperature rose to 38 °C and higher, and in 61.7% of women it stayed for 4–6 days (versus 11.5%; p<0.05). Among the complications of influenza: bronchitis (25.0% versus 9.3%; p<0.05), pneumonia (17.6% versus 5.7%; p<0.05), sinusitis (17.6% versus 7.7%; p<0.05). The threat of abortion was noted in 57.4% of cases, the threat of preterm birth was observed in 39.7% of women. Most often, placental dysfunction was associated with fetal distress (76.5% versus 13.5%; p<0.05) and growth retardation (54.4% versus 3.8%; p<0.05). 32.4% versus 13.5% of women had preeclampsia (p<0.05). The frequency of both polyhydramnios (17.6%) and low water (10.3%) is significantly higher. By cesarean section, 35.3% women were delivered (versus 15.4%, (p<0.05). Delivery was preterm in 17.6% of women versus 7.7% (p<0.05). Premature discharge of amniotic fluid (17.6%) and pathological blood loss during childbirth (16.2%), fetal distress during childbirth (48.5% versus 9.6%; p<0.05) were noted. Maternal placental dysfunction, fetal distress, prematurity (17.6%) and malnutrition (22.1%) led to a high incidence of birth asphyxia (46.5% versus 19.2%, p <0.05). Half (51.5%) of children had disadaptation syndromes, most often neurological disorders (32.4% versus 11.5%; p<0.05) and respiratory disorders (27.9% versus 7.7%; p<0.05). Conclusion. Influenza in early pregnancy with a severe course and a high frequency of complications is associated with a high frequency of feto-placental dysfunction and other obstetric and perinatal complications, which requires a more detailed study to determine risk factors and develop tactics for managing this category of pregnant women. Keywords: pregnancy, influenza, feto-placental dysfunction, obstetric and perinatal complications, newborn.

First trimester erythropoietin (EPO) serum concentration as a potential marker for abnormal placentation disorders. Reference values for erythropoietin (EPO) concentration at 11–13+6 weeks of gestation

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Kosiński ◽  
Dorota A. Bomba-Opoń ◽  
Mirosław Wielgoś
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abnormal Placentation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Control

AbstractTo investigate the possible effect of abnormal placentation disorders such as preeclampsia (PE), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on erythropoietin (EPO) serum concentration in women in the first trimester of pregnancy.A prospective study was performed in a group of pregnant women between 11 and 13A group of 198 analyzed patients was divided into three groups depending on pregnancy outcome: abnormal placentation group (n=30), macrosomia (n=13) and control group (n=155). EPO concentrations between the three groups of patients revealed that they differ significantly (F=15.172, P<0.001). EPO concentration is significantly higher in abnormal placentation patients compared to the control group (P<0.001) and macrosomia group (P=0.004). The most significant increase in EPO concentration was detected within patients with PIH. Also the uterine artery pulsatility index was positively correlated with EPO concentration (P<0.01).First-trimester maternal EPO concentration might be considered as a possible marker of abnormal placentation disorders and should be given more attention in future prospective studies.

The Accuracy of Single Progesterone, Single β-hCG, and Their Combination Measurement in Predicting Early Miscarriage: A Prospective Study in Outpatient Setting

KnE Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Sia
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Most of miscarriage events occurred during the first trimester of pregnancy. Recent studies found the beneficial effects of maternal serum markers to predict pregnancy outcomes. However, study in Indonesian setting was still limited, especially in outpatient setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum progesterone and β-hCG measurement  as a beneficial predictor of miscarriage.</p><p><strong>Materials &amp; Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study recruiting outpatients pregnant women in Aceh who seek first medical attention for their pregnancy during January 2013 to January 2015. Serum progesterone and β-hCG level were measured beside routine obstetric procedure. The discrimination attained between miscarriage and non-miscarriage groups of pregnant women at the end of first trimester was evaluated using logistic regression and receiver operating curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 70 pregnant recruited in this study, nineteen of them (27.1%) experienced miscarriage. Serum progesterone level of women in miscarriage group was lower than non-miscarriage group (17.85 (IQR 13.26-21.15) ng/dl vs 33.67 (IQR 21.83-44.14), p&lt;0.001). Serum β-hCG level was also lower in miscarriage group (10 681 (IQR 5 787.5-26 577.5) mIU/ml vs 48 109 (IQR 17 137-93 915) mIU/ml, p=0.001). Single progesterone measurement gave a good predictor ability for miscarriage with 82.2% accuracy, 86.3% sensitivity and 73.7% specificity if 19.5 ng/dl was used as a cut-off point.</p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maternal serum progesterone level could be a good predictor for miscarriage during the first trimester of pregnancy. Single β-hCG serum in combination with progesterone serum measurement only had little added value for predicting miscarriage.

Is it possible the prediction of placental dysfunction?

2016 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
S.I. Zhuk ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Melnik ◽  
N.V. Pehnio ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

The purpose of the study: the study of the initiating mechanisms of development of violations of the fetal-placental relationship to develop prognostic criteria, tactics of pregnancy and delivery in women at high risk. Materials and methods. In the period from 2013 to 2015 a comprehensive examination of 334 pregnant women, which depending on the peculiarities of pregnancy and childbirth were divided into groups. The control group consisted of 236 pregnant women with uncomplicated gestational period, no morphological signs of placental dysfunction. The main group (OG) included 98 patients with a complicated pregnancy who had revealed violations of the fetal-placental relationship, which was confirmed by morphological examination of the placenta immediate postpartum period. Depending on options of course of gestation period pregnant OG were divided into subgroups: subgroup I – 31 pregnant signs of preeclampsia of different severity; subgroup II – 33 pregnant women with clinical and morphological signs of placental dysfunction, subgroup III – 34 pregnant women with threatened miscarriage and premature birth. In addition, to evaluate the effectiveness of prediction and diagnosis of disorders of fetal-placental relationship was highlighted in the comparison group (GP), which included 32 pregnant women with risk factors for placental dysfunction, which carried out the monitoring of the pregnancy by the proposed algorithm. Results. Due to the datas of high-frequency dopplerometry was determined that decline of cerebro-placental index can be the sign of placental dysfunction (p<0.05). At women with placental insufficiency the reliable increase of endothelin-1 (p<0.05), decline of vascular endothelial growth factor (p<0.05) and placental growth factor (p<0.05), increase of interleukin-1b maintenance (p<0.05) and interleukin-3 reduction (p<0.05) were set. It was proven that during placental dysfunction with an absence of high variableness episodes and STV value less than 4,0 points immediate delivery was necessary. Conclusion. It was developed the monitoring, that based on the prognostic markers determination and dynamic control of pregnancy and it allowed to predict placental dysfunction and decrease its clinical signs during pregnancy in 2,5 time and unfavorable delivery outcomes in 1,7 times. Key words: placental dysfunction, prediction, endothelin-1, growth factor, interleukin, dopplerometry, cardiotocography.

scholarly journals Copeptin in Patients with Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6470
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Marek ◽  
Rafał Stojko ◽  
Agnieszka Drosdzol-Cop
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
High Concentrations

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) occurs in 6–8% of pregnancies, and increases the risk of many severe obstetric complications. The etiology of PIH has not been fully explained, and hence, treatment is only palliative in nature, and prevention is not fully effective. It has been proposed that PIH development is influenced by the arginine vasopressin pathway, whose surrogate biomarker is copeptin. The aim of this study is a prospective assessment of the relationship between the level of copeptin in pregnant women and the occurrence of PIH, and to identify its usefulness in predicting complications. The study involved a group of 21 pregnant women who developed PIH and 37 women with uncomplicated pregnancies as a control group. Blood samples were collected at the three trimesters of gestation (<13 HBD, between 13 and 26 and> 26 HBD) and then frozen. Copeptin levels [pg/mL] were measured in serum samples obtained in the first, second and third trimesters of gestation from women in the PIH and control groups. The concentration of copeptin in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy was statistically significantly higher in the PIH group (p < 0.05). For copeptin determined in the first trimester, which could be used to screen for PIH, the area under the ROC curve was 0.650. The highest risk of PIH occurred in patients with high concentrations of copeptin in the first trimester of pregnancy and obesity OR = 5.5 (95% CI 1.0–31.3). The risk of PIH was augmented in patients with high levels of copeptin and an abnormal Doppler result of the uterine arteries OR = 28.4 (95% CI 5.3–152). In conclusion, copeptin levels were found to be elevated in pregnant women before the diagnosis of PIH; however, copeptin should not be used as a stand-alone marker. The combination of copeptin concentration with the other risk factors (diabetes, maternal age and preeclampsia in previous pregnancy) did not improve the diagnostic values of the use of copeptin in the PIH risk assessment, but the combination of copeptin concentration with BMI may be useful in clinical practice. Measurement of copeptin together with a Doppler examination of uterine arteries in the first trimester of pregnancy may be a useful marker in predicting the development of PIH.

scholarly journals Pemberian jahe instan terhadap kejadian mual muntah dan asupan energi pada ibu hamil trimester pertama

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Nurfalah Setyawati ◽  
Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih ◽  
Detty Siti Nurdiati
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Pregnancy causes increased energy metabolism, therefore needs of energy and other nutrients increase during pregnancy. Lack of energy and nutrients could adversely affect the mother and fetus. Nausea and vomiting is a common problem in the first trimester of pregnancy. If not treated the mother and fetus can be at risk of malnutrition due to lack of energy intake. Traditional treatment is an option that is considered safe. Ginger has been used to treat a variety of medical problems including nausea and vomiting. Ginger works in the digestive tract by increasing the gastric and intestinal motility.Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of instant ginger containing 290 mg ginger juice, to reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and increased maternal energy intake during the 24 hours.Method: The study design is experimental, the pre-post control group, involving 101 pregnant women with gestational age less than 15 weeks in RSB Sayang Ibu, puskesmas Klandasan Ilir and Sepinggan in Balikpapan. Research subjects were drawn at random and given the instant ginger or placebo, 2 times a day for a week. All of the subjects were assessed on the level of nausea, vomiting and a 24-hour energy intake during pre and post intervention. The use of drugs or supplementation from the doctor/midwife were recorded and not be stopped.Results: The rate of nausea and vomiting decreased significantly in the ginger group (52%) compared to placebo (17.7%) (p<0.05). Instant ginger may reduce nausea and vomiting rate 6 times higher than placebo (p<0.05). The average amount of energy intake (calories) for 24 hours increased significantly in the ginger group (1629.58 kcal ± 468.04 kcal; p<0.05) compared to placebo (1160.27 kcal ± 341.85 kcal; p>0.05). Instant ginger may increase the average amount of energy intake 24.5 times higher than placebo (p<0.05).Conclusion: Instant ginger effective to reduce nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and increase the amount of energy intake (calories) in pregnant women who experience nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.

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