scholarly journals CLINICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUMS IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE WITH NORMAL BODY WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Anastasiia V. Onyschenko ◽  
Olga V. Sheshukova ◽  
Halyna A. Yeroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
School Age ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Intermediate Cells ◽  
Primary School Age

The aim of the research was to study the cellular composition of the gums in children of primary school age with normal body weight and overweight for further use of this data in the early diagnostics of periodontal diseases. Materials and methods: We examined 81 children aged from 6 to 12 years. Cytological examination of gingival cytograms was performed in all examined children. Results: Based on the analysis of the quantitative content of epithelial cells in children with normal body weight, their ratio was established, which is determined by the percentage of 0: 6: 94 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial). The obtained data completely coincide with the percentage of the differentiated ratio of epitheliocytes of multilayered squamous epithelium in children with normal body weight with inflammation and without it in the periodontal tissues. Our cytological examinations of gingival scrape smears in overweight children in contrast to the results of the study of epithelial scrape smears in children with normal body weight have some differences. Thus, in the process of calculation, the degree of differentiation of various epitheliocytes determines their percentage as follows – 3: 7: 90 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial) for children with gingivitis, and 2: 5: 93 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial) for children without inflammation in the periodontal tissues. Conclusions: The obtained results allowed us to conclude that in overweight children, in contrast to children with normal body weight, the number of parabasal cells decreases, and the number of superficial and intermediate cells increases.

scholarly journals INTERLEUKIN-6 CONTENTS IN SALIVA OF YOUNG CHILDREN WITH NORMAL AND OVERWEIGHT BODY MASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
A. V. Onyshchenko ◽  
O.V. Sheshukova ◽  
T. V. Mamontova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

The article presents the analysis of the relevant literature by international and national researches on the current state of obesity epidemic and discussed the evidence of the association between obesity and oral disease. The aim of the study was to assess the oral hygienic status and dietary habits of young schoolchildren with overweight and normal body weight and their correlation with dental caries. The study included 81 school children (1-4 primary years of the Poltava schools) aged 6-11 years. We studied anthropometric data and physical parameters, carried out dental check-up, determined saliva IL-6 content. Oral hygienic status was estimated using the simplified Green-Vermillion oral hygienic index (1964). Oral hygiene index in the children with excess body weight was unsatisfactory, while the children with normal body weight demonstrated satisfactory values. The results of the dental check-ups showed that caries prevalence made up 58.63% and 60.78% in the children with normal weight and overweight, respectively. Those figures did not differ significantly from the indicated age group of children with excessive and normal body weight. The study of the caries intensity showed that df + DMF index values were 1.48 ± 0.24 and 1 ± 0.54 in the children with normal body weight and 2.03 ± 0.36 and 1.25 ± 0.34 in the overweight children. In the children with normal body weight, the saliva IL-6 concentration was insignificantly higher and ranged from 6.12 ± 0.36 in the children with healthy periodontium, while in the children with gingivitis IL-6 concentration was 6.25 ± 0.33, which can be interpreted as early sensitive, albeit non-specific marker of inflammation, which manifests by clinical signs. The IL-6 concentration in the overweight children was within the range of 4.64 ± 0.26 (PMA = 0), and in this group of children with signs of inflammation was determined as slightly lower 4.46 ± 0.1, which may indicate stronger and more stable immune response. Thus, according to the dental findings, the oral hygiene status in all children with normal body weight was unsatisfactory, while in the overweight children demonstrated satisfactory oral hygiene status. The prevalence of caries in the studied group of children corresponds to the city values. The study of caries intensity showed that in the children with normal body weight md + MDF index is 1.48 ± 0.24 and 1 ± 0.54, while for the overweight children this figure was 2.03 ± 0.36 and 1.25 ± 0.34. The saliva IL-6 values can be used as important diagnostic indicators and the evaluation of cytokine content in biological fluids helps to obtain information about present medical condition as well as prevent inflammatory periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary Capacity in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Grzyb ◽  
Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa ◽  
Andrzej Siwiec ◽  
Ilona Kwiecień-Czerwieniec ◽  
Andrzej Szopa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background: One of the objective methods of assessing the level of cardiopulmonary capacity in overweight and obese children and adolescents is cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).Aims: The purpose of present study is an evaluation of aerobic capacity in high body mass index (BMI) children and adolescents by comparing them with a normal weight control group by CPET.Methods and Procedures: The subjects were recruited from participants of the Program of Treatment for Overweight and Obese Children organized by a local pediatric rehabilitation center in Poland. Based on BMI for age and gender, two validation groups were selected: (1) a group of overweight children (n = 49) and (2) a group of obese children (n = 48). The study included also 53 normal weight participants as a reference group (REF). The study consisted of two parts: anthropometric measurements and CPET. The Godfrey protocol for CPET was applied.Outcomes and Results: In this study, obese children and adolescents showed similar absolute VO2peak values in liters per minute (1.64 L/min) compared to overweight children (1.48 L/min), but significantly higher than children with normal body weight (1.39 L/min). The obese children and adolescents presented lower VO2peak in relation to body weight (25.44 ml/kg/min) compared to their peers with normal body weight (36.5 ml/kg/min), and overweight children (29.18 ml/kg/min).Conclusion and Implications: The main finding of our study was recognition of significant differences between cardiopulmonary capacity parameters in obese children in comparison not only to normal weight peers, but to overweight, too.

Assessment and screening the risk of dental caries in children in the rural municipality.

10.12737/7382 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Русанова ◽  
T. Rusanova ◽  
Юденкова ◽  
S. Yudenkova ◽  
Куралесина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
School Age ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Primary School Age

The purpose of research: development and evaluation of the effectiveness of methods for assessing and forecasting risk of occurrence and development of dental caries in children of primary school age in the rural municipality. Materials and methods: In accordance with the purpose and tasks we undertook a study of the prevalence and intensity of caries in children of primary school age in the rural municipality. Conclusions: the study of the question of forecasting and assessing the risk of caries in children is a problem, because on the basis of these data, you can define the means-tested child population in the therapeutic and prophylactic activities, calculate the necessary amount of dental care, evaluate the effectiveness of preventive and treatment activities. Effectiveness of screening (prediction) programs can be demonstrated by conducting a randomized studies that have evaluated all available results. The value of screening also depends on adequate screening tests, the accuracy of the test is determined by its sensitivity and specificity. The introduction of prevention programmes leads to a sharp decrease in the intensity of dental caries and periodontal diseases, significant reduction of cases of tooth loss at a young age and increase of the number of children and adolescents from intact teeth.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF HYGIENIC AND DIETARY HABITS ON INCIDENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN YOUNG NORMAL-WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT SCHOOLCHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
O.V. Sheshukova ◽  
A. V. Veretilnik
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Dental Examination ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Body Weight

This paper presents the analysis of foreign and domestic literature on the current state of the epidemic of obesity and evidence of its association with oral disease. The aim of this study was to assess the hygienic and dietary habits of overweight and normal-weight young schoolchildren and their association with dental caries. Materials and methods. The study included 628 children aged 6-11 years studying at primary schools of Poltava. We measured anthropometric data, assessed physical development, collected anamnestic data of children and carried out clinical dental examination. The oral hygienic state was assessed by using the simplified hygienic Green-Vermillion index (1964). Results. According to the findings of anthropometric survey obtained, we found out that 32, 64% (205 children) of the children were overweight. Having analyzed the data obtained by the questionnaire, it is safe to say that there is no noticeable difference in the hygienic habits between the primary schoolchildren involved in the study. Only about 70% of them brush their teeth every day, but only 15% of children get assistance from their parents or siblings. Such data are alarming due to the fact that as young children usually cannot clean their teeth properly therefore children under 10 should be under the control or guidance of their parents when brushing the teeth. Dietary habits of the overweight and normal-weight children are significantly different. The index of hygiene in children with excess body weight was within 2.1 scores that corresponds to unsatisfactory hygiene; children with normal body weight demonstrated significantly lower indicators ranging within 1.8 scores. The results of the dental examination showed that the caries prevalence was 60.78% and 58.63% for children with normal weight and excessive weight, respectively. Those figures did not differ significantly from the indicated age group of children with excessive and normal body weight. The study of the caries intensity showed that in the normal-weight children the df + DMF index was 1.89 ± 0.01, and the overweight children had the df + DMF 1.82 ± 0.04 index: thus, no significant difference was revealed. Caries of temporary teeth in children with excessive body weight was significantly seldom detected than in the group of children with normal body weight (2.46 ± 0.05 and 2.82 ± 0.02, respectively). The results of examining children with overweight and obesity demonstrated significantly lower intensity index of complicated caries of temporary teeth (1.07 ± 0.04 and 1.28 ± 0.02, respectively). Conclusions. Consequently, there is no significant difference in the hygienic habits between normal-weight and overweight children. As for dietary habits, there is a significant difference revealed by questioning the children. There is no difference in the hygienic index in the children of these two groups. The prevalence of caries was within the normal limits. A significant difference has been found in determining the caries intensity of permanent teeth in young school children of the studied groups. It is noteworthy that lower rates of caries intensity and its complications affecting temporary teeth have been found out in the overweight children when compared with peers having normal body weight; the patterns in the growth of the caries intensity for permanent teeth in the overweight children have been determined as well. Mostly due to inadequate hygiene, lack of balanced nutrition and adherence to a diet rich in carbohydrates, young children are especially vulnerable category of dental patients.

scholarly journals Dynamics of frequency of overweight and obesity children of young school age in the Tyumen region

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Suplotova ◽  
Svetlana A. Smetanina ◽  
Olga B. Makarova ◽  
Olga Y. Rebrova ◽  
Anna S. Sudnicina
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
School Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Obesity In Children

BACKGROUND:Over the past decades, the growth of overweight and obesity among the population, especially significant in children, is registered everywhere. To assess the dynamics of the obesity epidemic and to monitor the effectiveness of preventive interventions in the regions, it is recommended that monitoring be carried out in the regions to ensure regular measurement of body weight. AIMS:to assess the dynamics of the frequency of overweight and obesity in children of primary school age in the Tyumen region. METHODS:a survey of children aged 811 years old residing in the Tyumen region in 2008 (n=390) and in 2017 (n=468) was conducted. The choice of territories in 2008 was carried out by the cluster method in 2008 and in 2017. The studies were conducted by expeditionary method with the departure of a team of doctors in the territory with the measurement of height and body weight and determination of the body mass index (BMI). The results were evaluated according to the SDS BMI guidelines. To compare the frequency of occurrence of qualitative features, the chi-square test () was used, to compare samples by quantitative characteristics, Student's t-criterion was used. The critical level of significance (p) was checked for statistical hypotheses to be 0.05. RESULTS:In 2017, in the Tyumen region, an increase in the frequency of obesity in children of primary school age is 2.4 times higher than in 2008 (6.7% in 2008, 15.8% in 2017), in boys as in girls. Overweight and obesity are more often diagnosed in boys in 2017 (40.0%). Girls 811 years in 2017 compared with 2008 increased the frequency of both obesity and overweight. CONCLUSION:In 2017, in the Tyumen region, an increase in the frequency of obesity in children of primary school age is 2.4 times higher than in 2008 (6.7% in 2008, 15.8% in 2017), as in boys, and for girls. Overweight and obesity are more often diagnosed in boys in 2017 (40.0%). Girls 811 years in 2017 compared with 2008 increased the frequency of both obesity and overweight.

scholarly journals Sex differences in younger school age children’s body weight categories

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-300
Author(s):  
Vendula Zbořilová ◽  
Miroslava Přidalová ◽  
Dagmar Sigmundová
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Assessment Standards

Abstract The issue of inadequate or excessive children’s body weight, particularly in relation to their health, is also discussed by Czech experts in physical anthropology, auxology, paediatrics, endocrinology, etc. Overweight and obesity occur already at a younger school age, and some domestic and foreign sources report a higher prevalence in boys. The objective of this study was to describe distribution range in body weight categories among Czech children of younger school age (6 to 11 years) taking into account age and sex. Our research was carried out at 23 primary schools in 5 regions of the Czech Republic between 2014 and 2018. The research group consisted of 2,099 children aged 6 to 11 years (boys n = 1,015, 48.4%; girls n = 1,084, 51.6%). Probands were subjected to the standard anthropometric examination with body weight being assessed using the following assessment standards: the Czech national growth references, Nationwide Anthropological Survey of Czech Children and Adolescents (NAS), World Health Organisation (WHO) growth standards, and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) references were used. Statistical tests were carried out at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05; residual analysis. According to all three assessment standards, the highest prevalence of children with normal body weight was in both sexes; 45.8% of girls and 48.4% of boys, using the Czech assessment reference. Overweight and obesity were more predominant in boys (7.9% and 8.7%) than in girls (7.7% and 7.5%). One point seven percent of boys and girls were equally underweight, whereas the percentage of girls (22.3%) with reduced body weight was higher than in boys (20.3%). A significant difference between boys and girls was found in the category of reduced body weight in nine-year-old children. Using internationally recommended BMI references, more children fell into the category of normal body weight. Significant differences, in accordance with IOTF, between the number of severely underweight boys and girls were observed in 7-year-olds, slightly underweight in 9- and 11-year-olds, and overweight in 7-year-olds. In accordance with the WHO growth standards, significant differences appeared between eight-year-olds and eleven-year-olds obese boys and girls. Our research study revealed the prevalence in younger school age children body weight categories. Different BMI references were used to classify body weight. Significant differences between the number of boys and girls were observed in certain weight categories in seven-year-old, eight-year-old, nine-year-old and eleven-year-old children. Thus, the study confirmed the presence of differences in the number of boys and girls in specific body weight categories.

Time-Based Prospective Memory in Schoolchildren

2011 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babett Voigt ◽  
Ingo Aberle ◽  
Judith Schönfeld ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Strategic Monitoring ◽  
Primary School Age

The present study examined age differences in time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in primary school age children and tested the role of self-initiated memory retrieval and strategic time monitoring (TM) as possible developmental mechanisms. Fifty-four children were recruited from local primary schools (27 younger children, mean age = 7.2 ± 0.55 years, and 27 older children, mean age = 9.61 ± 0.71 years). The task was a driving game scenario in which children had to drive a vehicle (ongoing task) and to remember to refuel before the vehicle runs out of gas (TBPM task, i.e., the fuel gauge served as child-appropriate time equivalent). Fuel gauge was either displayed permanently (low level of self-initiation) or could only be viewed on demand by hitting a button (high level of self-initiation). The results revealed age-dependent TBPM differences with better performance in older children. In contrast, level of self-initiated memory retrieval did not affect TBPM performance. However, strategies of TM influenced TBPM, as more frequent time checking was related to better performance. Patterns of time checking frequency differed according to children’s age and course of the game, suggesting difficulties in maintaining initial strategic TM in younger children. Taken together, the study revealed ongoing development of TBPM across primary school age. Observed age differences seemed to be associated with the ability to maintain strategic monitoring.

The complex sensorimotor reactions of children of primary school age withheterotropy depending on the vision character

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-77
Author(s):  
O.V. Larionova ◽  
◽  
L.V. Dravitsa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Age ◽  
Primary School Age

Цель. Анализ влияния характера зрения (ХЗ)на показатели сложной сенсомоторной реакции на движущийся объект (РДО)у детей младшего школьного возраста с содружественным сходящимся косоглазием (ССК). Материал и методы. Было обследовано 33 ребенка (66 глаз), в возрасте 6–11 лет, с ССК на фонеHm4,6±2,5Д. Сформированы 3 группы, в зависимости от ХЗ, на фоне полной коррекции. 1 группа – 12 детей (24 глаза) с монокулярным ХЗ, угол косоглазия 5,9±4,0°, 2 группа –12 детей (24 глаза)с одновременным ХЗ, угол косоглазия 3,9±3,6°,3 группа – дети с бинокулярным ХЗ – 9 пациентов(18 глаз), угол косоглазия 0,9±0,8°. Всем пациентам проводилось стандартное страбологическое обследование. РДО была исследована с помощью аппаратно-программного комплекса «НС-Психотест»(ООО «Нейрософт). Результаты. Среднее время РДО в 1 группе –29,1±9,5мс, во 2 группе – 16,6±8,4мс, в 3 группе –-12,4±4,1мс (р <0,05). Положительное значение среднегруппового показателя РДО детей 1 и 2 группы является следствием преобладания у большинства обследуемых процессов торможения в ЦНС. Отрицательное значение среднегруппового показателя детей 3 группы является свидетельством преобладающей реакции НС в виде дисбаланса течения нервных процессов в сторону возбуждения в ответ на предложенную нагрузку. Выводы. Отсутствие у детей 1 и 2 группы бинокулярного зрения приводит не только к нарушению аккомодационно-конвергентных взаимосвязей в зрительном анализаторе, но и является причиной изменения зрительной экстраполяции, что приводит к снижению подвижности нервных процессов и преобладанию тормозных процессов в ЦНС(положительное значение средне группового показателя времени РДО детей 1 группы – 29,1±9,5 мс,2 группы – 16,6±8,4 мс).

DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE ABILITIES OF THE CHILDREN OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE IN ADDITIONAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT BY MEANS OF DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS LESSONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Инга Олеговна Гарипова ◽  
Александра Игоревна Ремкус
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Age ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Creative Abilities ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Pedagogical Environment ◽  
Applied Arts

Освещены вопросы формирования творческих способностей детей младшего школьного возраста на занятиях по декоративно-прикладному творчеству в учреждениях дополнительного образования. Рассмотрены педагогические условия, способствующие развитию творческого потенциала детей средствами декоративно-прикладного искусства. In the article, the aspects of forming the creative abilities of the children of primary school age during the decorative and applied arts lessons in the additional education institutions are covered. Pedagogical environment, dedicated to the development of the creative potential of the children by means of the decorative and applied arts lessons is examined.

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