scholarly journals INTERLEUKIN-6 CONTENTS IN SALIVA OF YOUNG CHILDREN WITH NORMAL AND OVERWEIGHT BODY MASS

Author(s):  
A. V. Onyshchenko ◽  
O.V. Sheshukova ◽  
T. V. Mamontova

The article presents the analysis of the relevant literature by international and national researches on the current state of obesity epidemic and discussed the evidence of the association between obesity and oral disease. The aim of the study was to assess the oral hygienic status and dietary habits of young schoolchildren with overweight and normal body weight and their correlation with dental caries. The study included 81 school children (1-4 primary years of the Poltava schools) aged 6-11 years. We studied anthropometric data and physical parameters, carried out dental check-up, determined saliva IL-6 content. Oral hygienic status was estimated using the simplified Green-Vermillion oral hygienic index (1964). Oral hygiene index in the children with excess body weight was unsatisfactory, while the children with normal body weight demonstrated satisfactory values. The results of the dental check-ups showed that caries prevalence made up 58.63% and 60.78% in the children with normal weight and overweight, respectively. Those figures did not differ significantly from the indicated age group of children with excessive and normal body weight. The study of the caries intensity showed that df + DMF index values were 1.48 ± 0.24 and 1 ± 0.54 in the children with normal body weight and 2.03 ± 0.36 and 1.25 ± 0.34 in the overweight children. In the children with normal body weight, the saliva IL-6 concentration was insignificantly higher and ranged from 6.12 ± 0.36 in the children with healthy periodontium, while in the children with gingivitis IL-6 concentration was 6.25 ± 0.33, which can be interpreted as early sensitive, albeit non-specific marker of inflammation, which manifests by clinical signs. The IL-6 concentration in the overweight children was within the range of 4.64 ± 0.26 (PMA = 0), and in this group of children with signs of inflammation was determined as slightly lower 4.46 ± 0.1, which may indicate stronger and more stable immune response. Thus, according to the dental findings, the oral hygiene status in all children with normal body weight was unsatisfactory, while in the overweight children demonstrated satisfactory oral hygiene status. The prevalence of caries in the studied group of children corresponds to the city values. The study of caries intensity showed that in the children with normal body weight md + MDF index is 1.48 ± 0.24 and 1 ± 0.54, while for the overweight children this figure was 2.03 ± 0.36 and 1.25 ± 0.34. The saliva IL-6 values can be used as important diagnostic indicators and the evaluation of cytokine content in biological fluids helps to obtain information about present medical condition as well as prevent inflammatory periodontal diseases.

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Anastasiia V. Onyschenko ◽  
Olga V. Sheshukova ◽  
Halyna A. Yeroshenko

The aim of the research was to study the cellular composition of the gums in children of primary school age with normal body weight and overweight for further use of this data in the early diagnostics of periodontal diseases. Materials and methods: We examined 81 children aged from 6 to 12 years. Cytological examination of gingival cytograms was performed in all examined children. Results: Based on the analysis of the quantitative content of epithelial cells in children with normal body weight, their ratio was established, which is determined by the percentage of 0: 6: 94 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial). The obtained data completely coincide with the percentage of the differentiated ratio of epitheliocytes of multilayered squamous epithelium in children with normal body weight with inflammation and without it in the periodontal tissues. Our cytological examinations of gingival scrape smears in overweight children in contrast to the results of the study of epithelial scrape smears in children with normal body weight have some differences. Thus, in the process of calculation, the degree of differentiation of various epitheliocytes determines their percentage as follows – 3: 7: 90 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial) for children with gingivitis, and 2: 5: 93 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial) for children without inflammation in the periodontal tissues. Conclusions: The obtained results allowed us to conclude that in overweight children, in contrast to children with normal body weight, the number of parabasal cells decreases, and the number of superficial and intermediate cells increases.


Author(s):  
O.V. Sheshukova ◽  
A. V. Veretilnik

This paper presents the analysis of foreign and domestic literature on the current state of the epidemic of obesity and evidence of its association with oral disease. The aim of this study was to assess the hygienic and dietary habits of overweight and normal-weight young schoolchildren and their association with dental caries. Materials and methods. The study included 628 children aged 6-11 years studying at primary schools of Poltava. We measured anthropometric data, assessed physical development, collected anamnestic data of children and carried out clinical dental examination. The oral hygienic state was assessed by using the simplified hygienic Green-Vermillion index (1964). Results. According to the findings of anthropometric survey obtained, we found out that 32, 64% (205 children) of the children were overweight. Having analyzed the data obtained by the questionnaire, it is safe to say that there is no noticeable difference in the hygienic habits between the primary schoolchildren involved in the study. Only about 70% of them brush their teeth every day, but only 15% of children get assistance from their parents or siblings. Such data are alarming due to the fact that as young children usually cannot clean their teeth properly therefore children under 10 should be under the control or guidance of their parents when brushing the teeth. Dietary habits of the overweight and normal-weight children are significantly different. The index of hygiene in children with excess body weight was within 2.1 scores that corresponds to unsatisfactory hygiene; children with normal body weight demonstrated significantly lower indicators ranging within 1.8 scores. The results of the dental examination showed that the caries prevalence was 60.78% and 58.63% for children with normal weight and excessive weight, respectively. Those figures did not differ significantly from the indicated age group of children with excessive and normal body weight. The study of the caries intensity showed that in the normal-weight children the df + DMF index was 1.89 ± 0.01, and the overweight children had the df + DMF 1.82 ± 0.04 index: thus, no significant difference was revealed. Caries of temporary teeth in children with excessive body weight was significantly seldom detected than in the group of children with normal body weight (2.46 ± 0.05 and 2.82 ± 0.02, respectively). The results of examining children with overweight and obesity demonstrated significantly lower intensity index of complicated caries of temporary teeth (1.07 ± 0.04 and 1.28 ± 0.02, respectively). Conclusions. Consequently, there is no significant difference in the hygienic habits between normal-weight and overweight children. As for dietary habits, there is a significant difference revealed by questioning the children. There is no difference in the hygienic index in the children of these two groups. The prevalence of caries was within the normal limits. A significant difference has been found in determining the caries intensity of permanent teeth in young school children of the studied groups. It is noteworthy that lower rates of caries intensity and its complications affecting temporary teeth have been found out in the overweight children when compared with peers having normal body weight; the patterns in the growth of the caries intensity for permanent teeth in the overweight children have been determined as well. Mostly due to inadequate hygiene, lack of balanced nutrition and adherence to a diet rich in carbohydrates, young children are especially vulnerable category of dental patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Grzyb ◽  
Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa ◽  
Andrzej Siwiec ◽  
Ilona Kwiecień-Czerwieniec ◽  
Andrzej Szopa

Background: One of the objective methods of assessing the level of cardiopulmonary capacity in overweight and obese children and adolescents is cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).Aims: The purpose of present study is an evaluation of aerobic capacity in high body mass index (BMI) children and adolescents by comparing them with a normal weight control group by CPET.Methods and Procedures: The subjects were recruited from participants of the Program of Treatment for Overweight and Obese Children organized by a local pediatric rehabilitation center in Poland. Based on BMI for age and gender, two validation groups were selected: (1) a group of overweight children (n = 49) and (2) a group of obese children (n = 48). The study included also 53 normal weight participants as a reference group (REF). The study consisted of two parts: anthropometric measurements and CPET. The Godfrey protocol for CPET was applied.Outcomes and Results: In this study, obese children and adolescents showed similar absolute VO2peak values in liters per minute (1.64 L/min) compared to overweight children (1.48 L/min), but significantly higher than children with normal body weight (1.39 L/min). The obese children and adolescents presented lower VO2peak in relation to body weight (25.44 ml/kg/min) compared to their peers with normal body weight (36.5 ml/kg/min), and overweight children (29.18 ml/kg/min).Conclusion and Implications: The main finding of our study was recognition of significant differences between cardiopulmonary capacity parameters in obese children in comparison not only to normal weight peers, but to overweight, too.


2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 409.2-409
Author(s):  
E. Strebkova ◽  
E. Tchetina ◽  
L. Alekseeva

Background:Currently, a large number of molecular biological and genetic markers are known to be involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is responsible for chondrocyte proliferation, cartilage matrix production, and cell growth. OA is characterized by increased mTOR synthesis, which is accompanied by an increase in proliferative activity and destruction of chondrocytes. Obesity is an important factor in the progression of knee OA. The study of mTOR expression in patients with OA and obesity is an urgent task in the development of personalized OA therapy.Objectives:To determine the expression of mTOR in patients with knee OA in combination with obesity and normal body weight. To evaluate the effect of mTOR on the clinical manifestations of OA in patients with different body mass index (BMI).Methods:The study included 73 female patients aged 45-65 y.o. with Kellgren-Lawrence stage II-III knee OA. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=50) with obesity (BMI > 30 kg / cm2) and group 2 (n=23) with normal or increased body weight (BMI < 30 kg/cm2). The average age of patients with obesity is 56.5 ± 5.87 years, without obesity - 58.7 ± 5.43 years. Clinical manifestations were evaluated by a WOMAС. RNA was isolated from the patients ‘ blood samples, which was used to determine the expression of mTOR.Results:Patients with knee OA with and without obesity did not differ in age. OA develops at an earlier age in obese patients, than in non-obese patients (p < 0.001). Patients from 1 group had a high BMI > 30 kg/m2 at the onset of OA. Obese patients had more severe knee OA is significantly more often detected: Kellgren-Lawrence stage III was determined in 10% of obese patients and in 4.35% - without obesity (p < 0.001). Significantly higher values of the WOMAC index pain, stiffness, joint functional failure, and total WOMAC were observed in obese patients (p = 0.006, p = 0.039, p = 0.037, and p = 0.014, respectively). Obese patients had higher VAS pain scores (p < 0.05) compared to patients with a lower BMI. Obese patients had a higher mTOR expression (p < 0.05) of 8.02±8.62, compared to non-obese patients. High mTOR expression was associated with VAS knee pain (r=0.78; p < 0.05) and WOMAC pain (r=0.89; p<0.05) in obese patients (Table 1).Table 1.Correlation of m-TORParametersmTOR (1 group, n=50)mTOR (2 group, n=23)Body weightр > 0,05р > 0,05Pain (VAS)r=0,78; р<0,05p = 0,07; r = 0,45Pain (WOMAC)r=0,89; р<0,05р > 0,05Total WOMACр > 0,05р > 0,05Conclusion:Our study showed that patients with obesity and knee OA have higher rates of mTOR expression, compared to patients with normal body weight. High mTOR expression correlates with the severity of knee pain in obese patients. Thus, the evaluation of mTOR expression in obese patients and knee OA plays an important role in predicting the severity of clinical manifestations of OA, and may influence the choice of personalized therapy tactics for such patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared


2013 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Atiya Ali ◽  
B. Strandvik ◽  
C. Palme-Kilander ◽  
A. Yngve

Author(s):  
Waldemar Pluta ◽  
Wioleta Dudzińska ◽  
Anna Lubkowska

Disorders of metabolic obesity with normal body weight (MONW) are widely recognized risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Despite this, MONW is not diagnosed in clinical practice. There is no consensus on the definition of MONW, and measuring the degree of insulin resistance or obesity among apparently healthy, non-obese patients is not widely applicable. The awareness of the relationship between metabolic disorders such as MONW and a higher risk of mortality from cardiovascular causes and other related diseases prompts the need for action to be taken aimed at creating appropriate diagnostic models that will allow for the effective detection of those with metabolic abnormalities among people with normal body weight. Such actions are decisive in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the MONW diagnostic criteria used over the years.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Yu.O. Smiianova

Endothelial dysfunction is considered one of the main mechanisms for the further development of arterial hypertension (AH) and its complications, and endothelin-1 (ЕТ-1) plays one of the key roles in this process. Endothelium is drawn into the pathological process at the earliest stages of AH development. ЕТ-1 is currently considered as a marker and predictor of the stage and consequences of AH, chronic heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), in particularly, acute myocardial infarction (MI), heart rhythm disorders, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerotic vascular injury, target vascular disorders. One factor that may influence the level of ЕТ-1 is the endothelin-1 gene Lys198Asn polymorphism, which is considered by many researchers as a possible genetic marker of AH. However, the effect of this polymorphism on the level of plasma ЕТ-1 level in patients with AH of varying severity in Ukraine is understudied. The basis of this work were the materials of a complete examination of 160 patients with a verified diagnosis of AH I, stage II of 1, 2, 3 degrees (main group) and 110 apparently healthy persons (control group). Patients of the main group were divided into three subgroups: 1st group ­– 75 patients with normal body weight; 2nd group – 48 overweight patients; 3rd group – 37 patients with alimentary obesity. In obese patients, the waist circumference in women was around 103 (96–115) cm, and in men – 108 (105–116) cm, which indicates an abdominal type of obesity in these patients. As a result of the study, it was found that the level of ЕТ-1 is higher in patients with AH who suffer with overweight and obesity as compared with patients with AH and normal body weight. Also, the peptide level depends on the genotype of patients and is higher in AH patients with the genotype Asn198Asn and Lys198Asn as compared to carriers of the genotype Lys198Lys.


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