scholarly journals ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL ASPECTS OF COST MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Ivan Svynous ◽  
Olesya Havryk ◽  
Tetyana Matula
Keyword(s):  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
General Process ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The issues of management of production costs of the enterprise have become important for domestic businesses after the transition of the economy to market principles of doing business. In the command-administrative system of management, pricing was the prerogative of state authorities, ministries and departments and was based on the implementation of a cost approach, which involves the inclusion in the cost of products of the full cost of its production and sale. Methods. During the research general and special methods of research of processes and phenomena in their interrelation and development were used, namely: monographic (at formulation of the purpose, tasks, subject and object of research); method of comparative analysis (in the study of the concepts of strategic cost management). At the stage of observation of business transactions, collection, measurement, design, registration, systematization and processing of information for research, the inductive method was used, and the deductive method was used in the process of theoretical understanding of the problem. Results. We believe that the main characteristics of the cost management system of an agricultural enterprise should be: phased implementation of the process; inclusion in the general process of enterprise management; establishing the impact of the external environment of the business entity; determining the characteristics of the internal environment; availability of feedback. Discussion. At the stage of reforming the domestic accounting system, the issue of terminology should be given special importance. It is advisable to use in regulations the definition of costs and expenses, limiting the scope of these categories and providing the possibility of their unambiguous qualification by enterprises that prepare reports for interested users, both external and internal. Prospects for the application of IFRS in Ukraine in terms of cost accounting require understanding of the basic ideas and meaning of international standards and research, the results of which will approximate, and further bring the guidelines and rules of cost accounting in Ukraine in accordance with international financial reporting standards. Keywords: production, management, costs, expenses, accounting, prime cost.

scholarly journals ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТІ ОБЛІКУ ТА АУДИТУ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВИТРАТАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ АЕРОКОСМІЧНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Г. С. Ліхоносова ◽  
В. Г. Бондаренко
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Cost Management System ◽  
The Cost

The article considers the organization of the cost management system as an object of accounting, the factors that affect the cost and effectiveness of methods of audits of costs for the production of aerospace products. The purpose of the article is to present the issues of accounting and analytical support and audit of the cost management system in the aerospace industry with a focus on the features of accounting and audit of the cost system in the aerospace industry. The methodological basis of the study is a number of scientific methods, including methods of empirical research - comparison, methods of theoretical knowledge – formalization and general research methods - analysis, synthesis and grouping. The main hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the accounting and analytical support of cost management system is influenced by various factors, including: type of production, features of its organization, product range, enterprise management structure, organization of accounting by places and centers of responsibility, cost accounting methods and costing products and the level of automation of accounting work. Presenting main material. It was found that cost accounting occupies a decisive place in accounting and analytical support and audit procedures. The formation of accounting and analytical support of the cost management system in the aerospace industry largely depends on the factors influencing the formation of the cost and the organization of the analysis of the component costs of enterprises. The organization of synthetic and analytical accounting of production costs should ensure: reflection of all performed operations on costs, appropriate distribution of costs by objects of accounting and calculation objects, determination of production costs, timely receipt of necessary information for management purposes. The originality and practical significance of the study is confirmed by the analysis of the possibility of auditing the enterprises of the aerospace industry. The proposed method of accounting and costing is of practical importance and can be used for other enterprises in the aerospace industry. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The method of cost accounting presented in the article is of practical importance for the enterprises of the aerospace industry. Further research will be aimed at improving the accounting and analytical support and algorithms for audits of the cost management system in the aerospace industry

APPROACHES TO THE VALUATION AND REVALUATION OF FIXED ASSETS ACCORDING TO RUSSIAN AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
V. Gonin ◽  
◽  
E. Panchenko ◽  
E. Kibireva ◽  
O. Nomokonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Questions of valuation and revaluation of fixed assets in a market environment inevitably arise. This is due to the increased role of assessing the effectiveness of asset management. The harmonization of national and international accounting standards allows us to consider the assessment and revaluation processes, both from the point of view of the accounting system and from the point of view of the financial consequences of the procedures performed. The purpose of the study is to study the historical background and systematize approaches to the assessment and revaluation of fixed assets according to Russian and international standards. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: to study the methods and historical aspect of revaluation; to study the conceptual framework of revaluation and impairment; to systematize the general provisions of the methodology for assessing the value of fixed assets during revaluation and impairment. The object of the study is fixed assets. In the course of the study, the history of revaluation of the cost of fixed assets is considered, the conceptual apparatus of the cost of fixed assets is analyzed in relation to the procedures for revaluation and impairment testing, the methodology of revaluation and impairment is considered. The paper concludes that it is necessary to introduce into the practice of accounting and management procedures for assessing the value of fixed assets and revaluing them, which will allow us to obtain reliable information when analyzing the impact of cost changes on the indicators used in determining the effectiveness of activities

scholarly journals CONTROL SUPPLY OF THE COST-MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF ENTERPRISES

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Alsu Zakirova ◽  
Nuriya Nigmatullina ◽  
Zufar Zakirov ◽  
Regina Nurieva
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Cost

In modern conditions, a number of factors affect the activities of enterprises, which include a tough competitive environment, limited material resources, and the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. To improve its efficiency, it is necessary to minimize the costs of manufacturing products, performing work and providing services. Effective and rational internal control contributes to the solution of this task. In this regard, issues related to the organizational and methodological support of control over production costs are of particular relevance. The research was carried out in order to study organizational aspects and develop directions for improving the methodological support of internal control of production costs. As one of the internal control tools, it is advisable to use the internal control working document (ICWD) “Test for assessing the accounting system of production costs”, which allows you to collect information on the validity and reliability of accounting for production costs and calculating the cost of production; on the procedures used in the system of internal control over production costs and the effectiveness of these procedures; on the general principles of organizing the primary, synthetic and analytical accounting of production costs, on the rationing of material resources at the enterprise. To systematize the information collected during the internal control of primary accounting, the ICWD “Checking the primary accounting of production costs” is suitable. Using the ICWD developed within the framework of the study “Checking compliance with the norms of consumption of material assets in production”, it is possible to establish the validity of material costs and generalize the results of checking the norms of inventories for production. For internal control of work-in-progress, it is proposed to use the ICWD “Questionnaire for assessing the organization and accounting of inventory of work in progress”.

Factors Affecting the Decision to Apply Material Flows Cost Accounting MFCA in Thai Nguyen Steel Production Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Kim Huyen
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Material Flows ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Legal Documents

Applying the Material Flows Cost Accounting method in Thai Nguyen steel enterprises is one of the solutions to improve the efficiency in the production process, using input materials, and environmental performance, as well as to measure more correctly the production costs based on the change of the price calculation basic. Identifying the factors which affect the decision on applying MFCA to the accounting process of Thai Nguyen steel production enterprises by a direct survey is carried out with 119 accountants and managers working at 13 steel enterprises. The results show that applying MFCA to the accounting process in these enterprises depends on the strategies, capacities, the accounting system of those enterprises, and the system of legal documents related to environmental accounting.

Filling in the gaps in bookkeeping and tax accounting: A comparative analysis of international and Russian practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-368
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. OLOMSKAYA ◽  
Andrei A. AKSENT'EV
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Accounting Information System ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tax Accounting

Subject. This article explores the origination of the differences between bookkeeping and tax accounting, and their impact on decision-making. Objectives. The article aims to examine the reasons for the discrepancies between bookkeeping and tax accounting, reveal some aspects of accounting of differences from the position of their registration in a uniform accounting system or two parallel systems, if available, and determine the impact of such gaps on investment and management decisions. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison, and the dialectical and data collection methods. Results. The article reveals the key features of the interaction between bookkeeping and tax accounting in Russia and foreign countries. It justifies that in today's economic realities, addressing shortcomings between these information systems is not a necessity, and shows the possible impact of differences on investment decisions. The article also graphically presents the application of cost-plus and balance-based methods of accounting for deferred taxes depending on the way information systems are organized, as well as their comparative characteristics. Conclusions and Relevance. The discrepancies between the two accounting systems provide an opportunity to assess the impact of tax planning on drawing a veil over the accounting profit. Studying the cost and balance methods, as well as the dialectic of the interaction of tax planning with the accounting information system, remain relevant. The results of the study can be useful to accounting and tax specialists, and other stakeholders who are studying the interactions of these information systems.

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS PROCESSES ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF AN ORGANIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
A. L. GENDON ◽  
◽  
G. F. GOLUBEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The article reveals a system of financial indicators that characterize business processes, accounting for income and expenses according to Russian and international standards. The ways of increasing the efficiency of the company's life activity, in particular, the ways of reducing the cost of production, are considered.

scholarly journals PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT OF AN ACCOUNTANT UNDER UNCERTAINTY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Melnychuk ◽  
◽  
Oksana Lopatovska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Variable Characteristic ◽  
Specific Alternative ◽  
The Cost

The modern accountant works in extremely difficult conditions, which is associated with the rapid development of the service economy, which leads to the formation of new and complex business processes and operations. Since all transactions must be reflected in the accounting system of the enterprise, there is a need to find sound methods that allow to implement it within the existing legal field. However, domestic legislation in the field of accounting and taxation is increasingly undergoing changes that are not always relevant and systematic. As a result, the accountant in his work is faced with problematic issues that need to be addressed immediately. However, the solution of such problems is not always directly regulated by law. In such conditions, the role and importance of professional judgment of the accountant, the content of which is disclosed in the article, increases significantly. It is determined that professional judgment is bases on acquired knowledge, own skills, abilities, experience and professional sense, and is a kind of superstructure of professional opportunities. The cost of such a judgment depends on the result obtained on the basis of its application. Professional judgment is a variable characteristic of an accountant's capabilities and requires constant development. To do this, you should follow certain principles, which include consistency, argumentation, reliability, completeness, logic. Adherence to these principles will form the level of professional judgment that will provide an opportunity to effectively solve non-standard production situations and bring additional income to the accountant. In addition, we believe that the application of international accounting and reporting standards provides more opportunities for the development of accounting judgment. This is because international standards describe the basic principles that a particular entity must comply with. Domestic accounting regulations provide many alternatives by which objects can be recognized in accounting. Therefore, the development of professional judgment in the application of national provisions is primarily related to the justification of a specific alternative or scheme of application of methods of recognition, evaluation, accounting of individual objects.

scholarly journals MAIN ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT AND COST MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina Kosiak ◽  
Olena Lytovchenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
The Right

One of the most important indicators of production and economic activity of enterprises, which has a direct impact on financial performance is costs. The article defines the economic meaning of the concept of "costs", "production costs". Features of accounting and analytical support, organization of accounting and cost management, cost classification are considered. Classification is one of the methods of cognition and study of phenomena, processes, objects, which consists in their division into classes on the basis of certain features, properties and patterns of relations between them. The classification of costs helps to assess the costs incurred, to find possible features to increase cost efficiency and make the right decisions about their management. Classification of costs is the basis of their accounting, analysis and planning in the enterprise. Cost management takes into account such components as rationing, planning, cost accounting, deviation control and cost analysis, cost management and decision making. The problem of cost management is quite relevant for Ukrainian enterprises. Today, all businesses face the problem of applying International Financial Reporting Standards. The peculiarities of cost reflection according to International Financial Reporting Standards and National Accounting Standards (standards) are studied and analyzed. Achieving a high or sufficient level of each of the production or management processes of financial activities of economic entities must be accompanied by certain costs, the economic content of which will vary depending on the object. However, the owners (managers) of the enterprise or its individual structural unit must be clearly aware of what exactly the costs contribute to the creation and maintenance of the organization and their timely optimization. The Conceptual Basis of Preparation and Submission of Financial Statements means true presentation, prevalence of substance over form, prudence, completeness. These requirements formed the basis for the formation of accounting principles in International Standards and, accordingly, in Ukraine.

Study on the Relationships of the Construction Technology and the Cost Management Based on Enterprise Quota

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 4040-4043
Author(s):  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Li Juan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Management ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Enterprise quota is the foundation of project cost management. With the appearance of advanced construction technology, enterprise quota should be constantly updated and improved, so as to improve the level of enterprise cost management. This paper studies the impact of construction technology on cost management based on enterprise quota,and then demonstrated by the Value Engineering. From that, we know the advanced construction technology can help enterprise save the cost and improve the economical benefits.

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