MODERN TRENDS IN TAX ADMINISTRATION OF SMALL BUSINESSES IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Galina N. Semenova ◽  
◽  

The article examines the role and importance of small business for the development of the national economy. The state provides support and creates conditions for the expansion of the small business sector, not excluding the regulation of the business sector. One of the instruments for regulating activities in the field of small business is the tax system, the effective functioning of which provides for the implementation of tax administration. The issues of further reforming the tax control of small businesses do not lose their relevance, since the solved tasks are replaced by new ones - digitalization of business and taxation, changes in the nature of interaction between market participants and the state in a pandemic, etc. On this basis, the study of modern trends and promising directions for the development of tax administration of small and me-dium-sized businesses is of interest both from a theoretical and practical point of view.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Edson Roberto Fidelis ◽  
Gislaine Carpena

<p class="resumo"><strong>Resumo: </strong>O objetivo do presente artigo é a análise do artigo 17, inc. V da Lei Complementar nº 123 de 14 de dezembro de 2006, que determina a exclusão das microempresas e empresas de pequeno porte do regime do SIMPLES NACIONAL no caso de débitos tributários. Para a pesquisa, sob o ponto de vista metodológico, optou-se pelo processo de pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como referência súmulas e orientações jurisprudenciais do Supremo Tribunal Federal, além dos princípios que norteiam a Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de1988. A partir desse estudo se pôde verificar que a sanção para a empresa optante do regime do Simples que estiver inadimplente junto ao Fisco é demasiado pesada, dada a hipossuficiência da empresa diante da voracidade dos tributos cobrados pelo Estado nesses casos. Por fim, pretendeu-se trazer à tona, o modo agressivo com que o Estado, com o aval do Poder Judiciário abusa do Poder de fiscalizar e cobrar os impostos em face da empresa inadimplente, violando princípios constitucionais. Concluiu-se que é necessário implementar por meio do Judiciário, a possibilidade de defesa por parte do contribuinte ao invés da imediata exclusão da pequena empresa, do regime favorecido que a Constituição Federal lhe oferece.</p><p class="resumo"><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Lei Complementar nº 123/2006. Simples Nacional. Tributação. Micro e pequena empresa.</p><h3>THE PRINCIPLE OF THE PRESERVATION OF THE COMPANY IN RESPECT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF TAX REGULARITY</h3><div><p class="abstractCxSpFirst"><strong>Abstract: </strong>The purpose of this article is the analysis of article 17, inc. V of Complementary Law 123 of December 14, 2006, which determines the exclusion of micro enterprises and small businesses from the SIMPLES NACIONAL regime in the case of tax debts. For the research, from the methodological point of view, the bibliographical research process was chosen, having as reference references and jurisprudential orientations of the Federal Supreme Court, besides the principles that guide the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988. From this It can be verified that the sanction for the company opting for the Simple regime that is in default with the Treasury is too heavy, given the company's hypersufficiency in the face of the voracity of the taxes charged by the State in these cases. Finally, it was intended to bring to light the aggressive way in which the State, with the endorsement of the Judiciary, abuses the power to inspect and collect taxes in the face of the defaulting company, violating constitutional principles. It was concluded that it is necessary to implement through the Judiciary the possibility of defense by the taxpayer instead of the immediate exclusion of the small company, from the favored regime that the Federal Constitution offers.</p><p class="abstractCxSpLast"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Complementary Law nº 123/2006. Simple National. Taxation. Micro and small business.<strong></strong></p></div>


Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sandra Patricia Galarza Torres ◽  
Lorenzo Armijo Robles ◽  
Juanita Garcia Aguilar ◽  
Ximena Acosta

El presente estudio tiene por objeto analizar los resultados que han generado los incentivos tributarios establecidos en el Código de la Producción, Comercio e Inversión (COPCI) publicado en el registro oficial No. 351 del 29 de diciembre de 2010, en las pequeñas empresas del sector de alimentos del Cantón Quito, Ecuador. Para su desarrollo se utilizó la información financiera del período 2010-2012, investigación documental basada en fuentes bibliográficas, aplicación de encuestas a gerentes y propietarios de pequeñas empresas del sector de alimentos y entrevistas a funcionarios públicos. Los resultados mostraron que los incentivos establecidos en el COPCI pueden resultar atractivos desde el punto de vista económico y tributario para el gobierno, sin embargo, para las pequeñas empresas del sector de alimentos del cantón Quito, estos no han generado mayor beneficio en temas de empleo, producción, inversión y recaudación tributaria. Abstract The present study aims to analyze the results that have generated tax incentives established in the Code of Production, Trade and Investment (COPCI) published in the Official Register No. 351 of December 29, 2010, in the small business sector of food of Quito Canton, Ecuador. For the development of this research, the 2010-2012 period of financial information, documental research based on literature sources, application surveys to managers and small business owners, and interviews with industry officials were used. The results showed that the incentives established in the COPCI may be attractive from the point of view of the government about economics and taxes; however, for small businesses of the food industry Quito city, they have not generated the greatest benefits on employment issues, production, investment and tax collection.


Author(s):  
G. Yurchik ◽  

The article substantiates an important factor in the socio-economic development of the state is the development of the business sector in general and small businesses in particular. This highlights the need to study the socio-economic preconditions and the state of formation and realization of the potential of small business in Ukraine. The article analyzes the quantitative indicators of small businesses (including those compared to the EU). According to the results of generalizing various surveys and monitoring, the main barriers to doing business in Ukraine are the low purchasing power of citizens, restrictive measures in connection with the pandemic, fiscal pressure, as well as pressure from government agencies, and corruption. It is established that according to the SME policy index, Ukraine, despite some improvement in the environment for the business sector, still has less favorable conditions for business activity compared to the Eastern Partnership countries. Based on the analysis of Ukraine’s rating positions according to a number of indices, it has been established that our state demonstrates the most unfavorable conditions for the development of small businesses according to the index of perception of corruption and economic freedom. Among the trends that indicate the improvement of conditions for the formation and realization of the potential of small business in Ukraine is the increase of Ukraine’s rating position on the indices of ease of doing business and ease of paying taxes. It is proved that the conditions of small business lending in Ukraine, although showing some improvement, still remain unfavorable and hinder the development of small businesses. An important tool for the formation and realization of the potential of small business is its grant support, the most important partner in providing which for Ukraine in the EU. It is proved that Ukraine has a well-developed infrastructure to support small businesses, but the formality of its operation is quite common. According to the criterion of compliance with the principle of predictability in regulatory activities, most government agencies show a fairly low level of predictability, which is a deterrent to business development, as it increases the uncertainty of the business environment. It is proved that despite the presence of a number of problems and deterrents for small business development, Ukraine has a significant number of strengths and opportunities for the formation, development, and realization of small business potential.


1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri Kettunen

In the assessment of the economic effects of climate change, changes in returns and costs have to be taken into consideration. Changes in returns are mainly caused by changes in the yield level. Costs are determined by various factors. Harvesting conditions may improve as the temperatures are higher. However, an increasing need for disease and pest control results in higher costs. Various extensive studies have indicated that rising temperatures with the CO2 fertilizing effect increase the crop potential in Finland. From the economic point of view an increase in yield level is highly significant, because the increase in costs remains quite small, A 10% increase in the yield level raises the farm income by about 6%. Because agriculture is supported in many ways either directly or indirectly, the rise in income level may be offset by lowering the support. Consequently, farmers may not benefit from an increase in the yield level, but the benefit will go to the state economy. However, an increase in the yield level resulting from rising temperatures is advantageous to the national economy, regardless of whether the benefit goes to the farmers or to the state.


Author(s):  
М.Ж. Даниярова ◽  
С.Б. Глазунова ◽  
M. Daniyarova ◽  
S. Glazunova

В статье отмечается, что действующая налоговая политика как регулятор экономики, не выполняет в полной мере своей стимулирующей функции. В этой связи возникает настоятельная необходимость исследования и анализа действия механизма функционирования налоговых отношений с позиции социально-экономических проблем в сочетании с национальными особенностями Казахстана, накопленным отечественным опытом налоговой политики и сложившейся модели хозяйствования. Авторами статьи отмечается, что, будучи материальными носителями налоговых отношений, рассматриваемые финансовые ресурсы, представляют собой находящиеся в руках государства и имеющие форму фондов денежных средств целевого назначения. Их размер выступает важной характеристикой экономического и социального развития страны, а рациональное использование во многом определяет темпы общественного прогресса. Проведен анализ динамики ВВП и объема промышленности, доходов государственного бюджета Республики Казахстан за 2011-2020 годы, налоговых поступлений и размера недоимки по видам налогов за ряд лет. Выделено, что основными направлениями совершенствования налогового механизма и налоговой системы должны быть: предоставление налоговых каникул для малого бизнеса, рассрочка уплаты НДС, снижение налогообложения на дивиденды и прибыль при продаже ценных бумаг, увеличение предельного объема годового оборота для перехода на упрощенную схему взимания налогов и др. В статье предложены конкретные рекомендации по увеличению доходной части государственного бюджета, совершенствованию налоговой системы Казахстана. The article notes that the current tax policy as a regulator of the economy does not fully fulfill its stimulating function. In this regard, there is an urgent need to study and analyze the operation of the mechanism of the functioning of tax relations from the standpoint of socio-economic problems in combination with the national characteristics of Kazakhstan, the accumulated domestic experience of tax policy and the established economic model. The authors of the article note that, being the material carriers of tax relations, the considered financial resources are in the hands of the state and in the form of funds of targeted funds. Their size is an important characteristic of the country's economic and social development, and their rational use largely determines the rate of social progress. The analysis of the dynamics of GDP and the volume of industry, revenues of the state budget of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2011-2020, tax revenues and the amount of arrears by types of taxes for a number of years is carried out. It is highlighted that the main directions of improving the tax mechanism and tax system should be: providing tax holidays for small businesses, payment by installments of VAT, reducing taxation on dividends and profits when selling securities, increasing the maximum volume of annual turnover for the transition to a simplified tax collection scheme, etc. The article offers specific recommendations for increasing the revenue side of the state budget, improving the tax system in Kazakhstan.


Author(s):  
Alina V. Agzamova ◽  
Alena E. Zaborovskaya

In modern economic conditions, the state of small business is an indicator that reflects the dynamics of the development of the main socio-economic trends occurring in the country. In return, the current crisis phenomena have a negative impact on the development of small business, which contributes to the formation of the middle class, which makes up a significant part of the economically active population of the country. Despite all the measures provided by the government of the Russian Federation (tax holidays, subsidies, reduction of the tax burden due to the introduction of special tax regimes, etc.), the number of small businesses is decreasing. This article analyzes the current state of the state’s tax policy in relation to small enterprises, examines the issues of taxation of small enterprises in Russia, and identifies the main trends and disadvantages of taxation of small businesses. The most complex and urgent problems of functioning and further development of small businesses are identified and characterized. Statistical data on the dynamics and structure of small businesses by type of economic activity in Russia, the dynamics of the tax burden on small businesses, and tax revenues to the budget of the Russian Federation are presented and analyzed. The article substantiates the need to reform the tax system as a necessary measure to support small businesses, designed to improve and accelerate the dynamics of socio-economic development of the state.


JURISDICTIE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Heru Purwono

The State of Indonesia is a State of Law, so in the case of the policy being made it must be based on the law. Fulfillment of the State’s treasury not using the concept of Islamic State such as zakat, but using taxes, whose legal basis is not derived from the Quran or Sunnah but based on the ijtihad scholars related tax law is based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. This journal study aims to find out how the policy of tax amnesty in indeneia is contrary to the constitution or not, and this writing will also describe how the Islamic view of tax forgiveness. This type of research is normative juridical and research approach is approach concept and approach of law. The results of this study indicate that tax forgiveness in Indonesia is not only for tax runners, but also for tax officials who are negligent in carrying out duties in taxes, tax amnesty is very useful to improve the tax system in Indonesia, tax administration and when viewed from the concept of Mashlahah (Islamic law), the forgiveness of taxes including Mashlahah Dharuriyah which can be useful for Hifzh al-Nafs (keeping soul), and Hifzh al-Mal (guarding the treasures) of all Indonesian people.<br />Negara Indonesia adalah Negara Hukum, maka dalam hal kebijakan yang dibuat harus berdasar pada hukum. Pemenuhan uang kas Negara bukan menggunakan konsep Negara Islam seperti zakat, tetapi menggunakan pajak, yang dasar hukumnya bukan berasal dari Quran atau Sunnah akan tetapi berdasarkan ijtihad para ulama terkait hukum pajak tersebut yang didasarkan pada Qur’an dan Sunnah. Penelitian jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan pengampunan pajak di indonesia apakah bertentangan dengan konstitusi atau tidak, dan penulisan ini juga akan mengurai bagaimana pandangan Islam terhadap pengampunan pajak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dan pendekatan penelitiannya adalah pendekatan konsep (satute approach) dan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengampunan pajak di Indonesia bukan hanya untuk para pelari pajak saja, akan tetapi juga untuk petugas pajak yang lalai dalam menjalankan tugas dalam menarik pajak, amnesty pajak sangat bermanfaat untuk memperbaiki system perpajakan di Indonesia, administrasi perpajakan dan jika dilihat dari konsep Mashlahah (hukum Islam), pengampunan pajak termasuk Mashlahah Dharuriyah yang dapat berguna untuk Hifzh al-Nafs (menjaga jiwa), dan Hifzh al-Mal (menjaga harta) seluruh rakyat Indonesia.


1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Mason ◽  
K N McNally

Many of the most influential accounts of the growth in the numbers of new businesses being started and the general increase in the economic significance of the small-business sector draw upon flexible specialisation theory, which explains such trends in terms of the breakup of the mass market for standardised goods and services and the consequent emergence of a variety of smaller niche markets capable of exploitation by new or small businesses. In this paper our purpose is to suggest that the opportunities for new firm formation and growth arising from such changes may be more circumscribed than have hitherto been acknowledged. Drawing upon evidence from the UK brewing industry, which has seen the creation of many hundreds of new breweries during the past twenty years, we highlight the role of distribution channels as a significant barrier to the growth of the small-business sector. Changes to the regulatory environment (the Beer Orders) in an attempt by government to improve the competitiveness of the UK brewing industry have, paradoxically, had the opposite effect to that intended, and so have failed to increase market opportunities for microbrewers. Future research must give greater attention to the role of distribution in order to achieve a better understanding of the changing structure and spatial organisation of production.


Author(s):  
A. E. Zhamiyeva ◽  
G. A. Nassyrova ◽  
D. M. Mazhitov ◽  
M. S. Maramygin

The purpose of the article is to examine the state of the tax system in an unstable economy. The initial condition is the lack of uniform methodological and methodological approaches to the formation and organization of the tax system. This study is based on the theoretical provisions of the institutional theory, systemic and synergistic approaches. The main research methods used were analysis and synthesis, methods of induction and deduction, the method of designing hypotheses. The article examines the dynamics and structure of tax payments in the traditional approach to tax regulation. The question of determining the role of direct and indirect taxes is undoubtedly important for a comprehensive analysis of the taxation system since the influence of each of them on the economy is differentiated. The directions of modernization of the system of taxation regulation, the impact of mechanisms, methods, and instruments of tax regulation on various segments of the national economy, primarily on industries that ensure economic growth, have been investigated. The lack of a clear structuring of the elements of tax revenues becomes a serious obstacle to obtaining an adequate assessment of the impact of tax policy on various aspects of the country's socio-economic development. The state tax policy should be aimed at balancing the budget, improving the quality of its implementation, adhering to the timing of the budgetary process and, as a result, ensuring socioeconomic growth. The theoretical and practical significance of the study is to substantiate the need to adapt the tax system to ensure sustainable growth of the national economy. 


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Olakunle Olayinka

Small businesses are often considered important to a nation’s economy. In Nigeria, the small business sector contributes about 48% to the GDP, and there is an increasing effort to support the small business sector as a way of combatting societal ills. Within the last decade, there has been a global increase in the use of e-business by both large and small companies. Today, it is generally acknowledged that e-business provides a range of opportunities for small businesses to operate and compete effectively; however, in developing countries such as Nigeria, there is very limited research on e-business adoption in the small business sector. This thesis examines the adoption of e-business technologies and processes in Nigerian small businesses. Using an inductive approach, informed by a case study strategy, a longitudinal study of six small businesses in Lagos, Nigeria was conducted. Data was collected using interviews and questionnaires, and both thematic analysis and framework analysis were utilised to analyse the cases. Research results indicate that small businesses in Nigeria are utilising e-business systems. Key issues impacting upon e-business adoption and eight critical influencing factors that affect adoption were identified. Based on the case study findings, a framework for the development and implementation of e-business strategy in the Nigerian small business sector was developed and validated. This framework will be of value to small business owners involved in e-business operations, and also provides a basis for follow-up research in developing world countries.


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