CONTROL PROBLEMS AND METHODS FOR DETECTING RESIDUAL AMOUNTS OF ANTIBACTERIAL SUBSTANCES IN MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
G.M. Goryainova ◽  
◽  
E.A. Denisova ◽  
L.V. Arsen`eva ◽  
V.S. Babunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Official Method ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Residual Amount ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The article is devoted to the study of control issues and methods for detecting residual amounts of antibacterial substances in milk and dairy products. The presence of a large number of antibacterial drugs on the Russian market and their use in dairy farming makes it an urgent problem to detect their residual amount, both in raw milk and in dairy products. The lack of standardized detection methods, sufficiently equipped and accredited laboratories, and the high cost and duration of research are obstacles to monitoringthe content of the residual amount of antibiotics., including state control. Currently, the state monitoring system for screening antibiotics uses the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA), which is the official method for monitoring animal products adopted in the European Union. To confirm the quantitative content of antibiotics, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with various types of detectors is used, which is reliable but very time-consuming for screening a large number of samples. Using the patented Randox Biochip technology as a method for detecting the residual amount of antibiotics in milk and dairy products, it would be possible to determine up to 25 antibacterial substances in one sample, including those that are not often used in veterinary practice.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of analytical methods for the determination of aflatoxins in milk and dairy products (review information)

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
S. Senin ◽  
V. Danchuk ◽  
S. Midyk ◽  
V. Ushkalov ◽  
O. Iakubchak
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The dairy industry of Ukraine is developing dynamically, its needs for the quality of raw materials are growing significantly. Detection of mycotoxins in raw milk is one of the main indicators of its safety. The high degree of toxicity of mycotoxins is a threat to the health of the lactating animal, so a large number of them are excreted in milk. If we talk about ruminants, the vast majority of mycotoxins are utilized by microorganisms of the pancreas, which does not occur in monogastric animals, so the list of mycotoxins in their milk can be much wider than the secretion of mammalian mammals. To date, the maximum permissible levels (MRLs) of mycotoxins in raw milk and dairy products have been established. Thus, a comprehensive determination of the content of mycotoxins in the secretion of the breast has not only technological but also important diagnostic value. Milk sample preparation is the most important step in the determination of mycotoxins and consists of sampling, extraction and purification from impurities. For the extraction of aflatoxins, the method of liquid extraction with acetonitrile or chloroform is used. Purification of extracts is carried out on immunoaffinity columns, cartridges with special sorbents or using certain manufacturers (MycoSep®).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are used to determine aflatoxin B1 and M1 in raw milk of cows. However, all these methods have a number of disadvantages, namely: long and expensive sample preparation and insufficiently high selectivity. Currently, the complex determination of mycotoxins in various matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) and the use of modified QuEChERS sample preparation is gaining popularity. The advantage of this technique is the combination of faster and cheaper sample preparation of QuEChERS samples with highly selective LC-MS/MS chromatography. Key words: mycotoxins, raw milk, analytical methods, QuEChERS.

Determination of Bisphenol A in Milk and Dairy Products by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1439-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEONG-HUN KANG ◽  
FUSAO KONDO
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Condensed Milk ◽  
Oasis Hlb ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

This study was conducted to develop a selective and sensitive method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) levels in milk and dairy products. A method based on solvent extraction with acetonitrile and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed for the analysis of BPA in milk, yogurt, cream, butter, pudding, condensed milk, and flavored milk, and a method using two SPE cartridges (OASIS HLB and Florisil cartridge) for skim milk was also developed. The developed methods showed good recovery levels (77 to 102%) together with low detection limits (1 μg/liter for milk, yogurt, pudding, condensed milk, flavored milk, and skim milk and 3 μg/liter for cream and butter). These methods are simple, sensitive, and suitable for the analysis of BPA in milk and dairy products. When 40 milk and dairy products were analyzed by the proposed methods, BPA was not identified in noncanned products, but its levels ranged from 21 to 43 μg/kg in canned products, levels that were 60- to 140-fold lower than the migration limits in the European Union and Japan.

scholarly journals Detection Methods for Aflatoxin M1 in Dairy Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Vaz ◽  
Ana C. Cabral Silva ◽  
Paula Rodrigues ◽  
Armando Venâncio
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced mainly by fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium. In the food chain, the original mycotoxin may be transformed in other toxic compounds, reaching the consumer. A good example is the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in dairy products, which is due to the presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in the animal feed. Thus, milk-based foods, such as cheese and yogurts, may be contaminated with this toxin, which, although less toxic than AFB1, also exhibits hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects and is relatively stable during pasteurization, storage and processing. For this reason, the establishment of allowed maximum limits in dairy products and the development of methodologies for its detection and quantification are of extreme importance. There are several methods for the detection of AFM1 in dairy products. Usually, the analytical procedures go through the following stages: sampling, extraction, clean-up, determination and quantification. For the extraction stage, the use of organic solvents (as acetonitrile and methanol) is still the most common, but recent advances include the use of the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe method (QuEChERS) and proteolytic enzymes, which have been demonstrated to be good alternatives. For the clean-up stage, the high selectivity of immunoaffinity columns is still a good option, but alternative and cheaper techniques are becoming more competitive. Regarding quantification of the toxin, screening strategies include the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to select presumptive positive samples from a wider range of samples, and more reliable methods—high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection or mass spectroscopy—for the separation, identification and quantification of the toxin.

scholarly journals Evaluation and validation of an alternative method to detect Campylobacter spp. in dairy products

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Razzuoli ◽  
Walter Vencia ◽  
Valeria Fedele ◽  
Giulia Mignone ◽  
Fabrizio Lazzara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Campylobacter Spp ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Foods implicated in human campylobacteriosis include raw or undercooked poultry and raw dairy products. Because Campylobacter spp. are the most frequently reported cause of bacterial infection in the European Union and because conventional methods are cumbersome, rapid methods for Campylobacter detection and quantification in food are needed. With this study we sought to validate, according to the standard procedure (UNI EN ISO 16140:2003), an alternative to the reference analytical method (UNI EN ISO 10272- 1:2006) for official controls of Campylobacter spp. in raw milk and dairy products. Milk samples collected from 16 milk vending machines located throughout the Genoa metropolitan area were analyzed using two different methods, an enzymelinked fluorescent assay (ELFA) and a real-time PCR assay, and evaluated in parallel against the reference method. In addition, a total of 460 samples of raw milk collected from milk vending machines were analyzed by ELFA. Results obtained with ELFA showed it was compliant with UNI EN ISO 10272-1:2006 criteria and that the immunoassay had 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Regarding samples of milk vending machines, 5.0% (23/460) tested positive at ELFA screening and were subsequently confirmed as C. jejuni. Validation according to UNI EN ISO 16140:2003 of the ELFA method suggests it may be a useful alternative to conventional methods for detecting Campylobacter spp. in official controls.

scholarly journals Raw milk consumption and health

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anka Popovic-Vranjes ◽  
Milka Popovic ◽  
Marija Jevtic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
Thermally Processed ◽  
Bacteriological Testing ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Contrary to the safe practices of milk pasteurization or sterilization, which effectively reduce foodborne outbreaks incidence associated with raw milk and dairy products use, outbreaks caused by such products continue to occur. Despite this fact, a worldwide movement advocating for the rights of raw milk and cheese selling and consumption, due to their specific nutritive characteristics, has strengthened significantly in recent years. Traditional agricultural manufacturers from Serbia still sell products related to thermally unprocessed milk, such as cottage cheese and raw cream. In AP Vojvodina during the period of 1981-2010 a total of 179 foodborne outbreaks were reported, where the incriminated cause of the outbreak were milk or diary. In 126 (70.39%) outbreaks, totaling 2276 sick individuals and one casualty, it was confirmed that the incriminated food was from the group of dairy products. In 48 instances (26.82%), bacteriological tests confirmed that milk and dairy products were excluded as the outbreak causes, while in another 5 (2.79%) outbreaks, microbiological analysis of food failed to confirm any relation to the actual epidemiological instances. In some cases, bacteriological testing of incriminated foods was not possible. In the cases of outbreaks associated with the consumption of milk and dairy products, traditional raw milk products were cited as being used. Consumption of unpasteurized milk and cheese represents public health threat. National and international rules ensuring use of safe products for human consumption have to set rules of trade of thermally processed milk and products on the market.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk, soft cheese and yoghurt in Baghdad Province by Using ELISA Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Najim Hadi Najim
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
White Cheese ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

     Milk and dairy products are fundamental components in the human diet and may be the principle way for entrance of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in to the human body. All milk and dairy products samples were tested for the occurrence of AFM1 by the competitive ELISA technique. Out of 32 bovine raw milk samples that were collected from eight villages around Baghdad province, 32 samples (100 %) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 0.15 to 86.96ng/kg with mean value of 42.37±26.07 ng/kg, of which 17 samples were contaminated with concentrations < 50 ng/kg and 15 samples exceeded the maximum acceptable level of AFM1 in milk (50 ng/kg) imposed by the European legislation. The raw milk samples belonged to animals fed with composite and stored fodder as in Althahab Alabiadh, Radhwaniya and Fadhaliya villages had higher significantly AFM1 concentrations over all the other five villages (Grazing feed). All 32 (100%) locally produced soft white cheese samples analyzed were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 31.84 to 89.44 ng/kg with the mean value of 59.92±17.03 ng/kg. Out of 32 locally produced yoghurt samples analyzed, 32 samples (100%) were contaminated with AFM1 ranging from 0.16 to 42.74 ng/kg with the mean value of 16.92±11.55 ng/kg. Thirty samples (100%) of the examined 30 imported UHT milk samples that were collected from different commercial companies in the province of Baghdad presented significantly  high contamination level with AFM1 that were found to range from 0.18 to 85.66 ng/kg.

scholarly journals Possibilities of different animal milk detection in milk and dairy products – a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Borková ◽  
J. Snášelová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Adulteration ◽  
Animal Milk ◽  
Food Monitoring ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Adulteration of milk and dairy products with different types of milk, other than declared, presents a&nbsp;big problem for food monitoring. The evidence of milk adulteration is a difficult task considering similar compositions of various types of milk. The presented review is therefore focused on the study of the composition of milk from different animal species. The aim is to find a useful marker component for the adulterant detection. The analysis of milk proteins is a&nbsp;suitable solution of this problem. The techniques used for research in this area were also studied. As prospective techniques, immunological techniques and techniques based on DNA analysis are especially considered. The first ones are able to determine 0.5% of different milk adulterant, and the second ones even as little as 0.1%. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography is successfully applied in the quantitative analysis of individual milk adulterants in samples. The most frequent adulteration of ewe and goat milk is its replacement with less expensive and more plentiful bovine milk. Not so typical adulteration is the presence of goat milk in ewe milk or the detection of bovine milk as adulterant in buffalo mozzarella cheese. &nbsp;

Occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in Milk and Dairy Products Produced or Imported Into Morocco

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. EL MARRAKCHI ◽  
A. HAMAMA ◽  
F. EL OTHMANI
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Listeria Species ◽  
Fresh Cheese ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Examination of 227 samples of milk and dairy products for Listeria monocytogenes showed that raw milk and some Moroccan traditionally made dairy products such as Iben and raib (fermented milks) and jben (fresh cheese) were contaminated with this pathogen. L. monocytogenes was the only Listeria species isolated except in one case in which it was associated with Listeria innocua. Pasteurized milk, fresh cream, and fresh and ripened cheeses (industrially made) were free from L. monocytogenes.

Molecular typing of staphylococcus aureus strains from Iranian raw milk and dairy products by coagulase gene polymorphisms

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Asadollahi Dehkordi ◽  
Elahe Tajbakhsh ◽  
Forough Tajbakhsh ◽  
Faham Khamesipour ◽  
Manouchehr Momeni Shahraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products
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