scholarly journals Thematization in Native and Nonnative Medical Discourse: A Systemic Functional Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
MASHAEL ALRAJHI
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Thematic Progression ◽  
Intended Interpretation ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
Medical Articles ◽  
Shed Light

Thematization serves to focus the readers’ attention to the focal aspects of a text in order to deliver its intended interpretation. The cohesion of texts relies on the structure of messages. Consequently, the way in which messages are constructed as the text unfolds contributes to its cohesion. Since the probability of making mistakes in writing is higher in nonnative texts as their writers are not using their mother tongue, a comparison between medical articles written by native and nonnative writers is drawn in the present study to shed light on the similarities and differences among them. Due to the scientific nature of medical texts, writers might face difficulties in the interconnectedness of ideas within the text. Therefore, the medical field texts are inspected to check their correspondence with texts in other fields. The Hallidayan systemic-functional approach (SFL) was utilized to conduct the analysis. The results show that there is a consistency in the distribution of Theme types and Thematic progression patterns among native and nonnative writers. In addition, the findings that relate to the dominance of the topical Theme and the constant Theme pattern in medical texts are in alignment with the results of studies in other fields such as academia.

Imagining the Woman Reader in the Age of Dante

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Women Readers ◽  
Literary Authority ◽  
Woman Reader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Female Literacy ◽  
Female Audience ◽  
Shed Light

The literature of the Italian Due- and Trecento frequently calls into play the figure of a woman reader. From Guittone d’Arezzo’s piercing critic, the ‘villainous woman’, to the mysterious Lady who bids Guido Cavalcanti to write his grand philosophical song, to Dante’s female co-editors in the Vita Nova and his great characters of female readers, such as Francesca and Beatrice in the Comedy, all the way to Boccaccio’s overtly female audience, this particular sort of interlocutor appears to be central to the construct of textuality and the construction of literary authority in these times. The aim of this book is to shed light on this figure by contextualizing her within the history of female literacy, the material culture of the book, and the ways in which writers and poets of earlier traditions (in particular Occitan and French) imagined her. Its argument is that these figures of women readers are not mere veneers between a male author and a ‘real’ male readership, but that, although fictional, they bring several advantages to their vernacular authors, such as orality, the mother tongue, the recollection of the delights of early education, literality, freedom in interpretation, absence of teleology, the beauties of ornamentation and amplification, a reduced preoccupation with the fixity of the text, the pleasure of making mistakes, dialogue with the other, the extension of desire, original simplicity, and new and more flexible forms of authority.

Lessons in French

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-99
Author(s):  
Alison Rice
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Literary Creation ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Conscious Choice ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Form ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Shed Light

None of the writers in my study can call French, without hesitation and qualification, a mother tongue. Some of them didn’t start studying the language until they arrived in Paris in their twenties and grappled with learning a new form of expression at a relatively late age. When they recall their initial exposure to this foreign tongue, they describe a fascinating apprenticeship involving dictionaries and renowned works of French literature, and they often shed light on the distinction between oral and written competence in their experience. It is crucial to note that even those authors who have long been fluent in French underscore their non-native relationship to it. Chapter 3 addresses the approaches of these worldwide women writers to French and examines their inventive literary publications in this tongue. It is sensitive to the history of this language and its inextricable connection to a colonial past that many of these writers experienced or became aware of in their homeland. It also focuses on the reality that, for almost all of these authors, this is not the only tongue with which they are familiar. For multilingual individuals, selecting French as their language of literary creation is often the result of a conscious choice motivated by a particular affinity. What comes through in their reflections is most often a passion for this language and a confirmation of the freedom it affords them, as well as an affirmation of its inimitable music that makes it especially well-suited for creative compositions.

scholarly journals Bel Canto - 500 Years Young: A study in the practical application of ​bel canto​ technique to twentieth-century vocal works in English

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Pasquale Orchard
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Bel Canto ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Classical Singing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Vocal Works ◽  
Shed Light

<p>As a young singer, it is inevitable that one is bombarded with the history of singing. ​Not only are we asked to listen to vocalists of previous ages, but we are also encouraged to analyse their methods and scrutinise their seminal performances in order to better identify the strengths of each singer​. Curious about the extent to which the lauded seventeenth and eighteenth-century ​bel canto vocal techniques hold relevance to contemporary classical singing and newer compositions, my research focused on whether these well-tried techniques are transferable. While the application of ​bel canto principles to the ​bel canto repertoire are clearly pertinent, my investigation concentrated on the feasibility and applicability of transferring these vocal techniques to modern repertoire, specifically songs and arias written in English, my mother tongue. This exegesis details my exploration of the application of such techniques to these two different sets of repertoire, and aims to shed light on the experience of the process of applying the ​bel canto ​principles to such works, and the potential benefits afforded by the practice of them.</p>

Genealogy and Critique

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-48
Author(s):  
Bernard Reginster
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Epistemic Standing ◽  
Shed Light

The chapter examines the concept of a genealogy of morality and its critical significance. I consider and criticize interpretations of Nietzsche’s genealogical inquiries that take them to challenge the epistemic standing of moral judgments. I argue that genealogies aim instead to determine the function of these judgments by identifying what particular affective need they are suited to serve. This functional approach allows to shed light on the much-disputed role of history in genealogical inquiry, and to circumscribe what Nietzsche has in mind when he calls into question the “value” of moral values. In particular, I address two salient problems his functional approach poses for a functional critique of morality: respectively, the problem of dysfunctionality and the problem of multiple functionality.

scholarly journals Features of translation of medical texts (using the example of German medical discourse)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Irina V. Telezhko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Methods And Techniques

The problem of the adequacy of the translation of the features of lexical units in German medical texts is considered. Difficulties of lexical and terminological plan are identified and analyzed: translation of terms, borrowings, abbreviations, false friends of the translator, borrowings, eponyms. Methods and techniques of translation of problematic medical lexical units, variants of interlanguage correspondences are presented. Examples of successful overcoming of lexical and terminological difficulties in translating medical texts from German into Russian are given. The results of the study confirm the need to expand the scope of the study of professional medical discourse by considering industry lexical units in the translation of medical texts.

scholarly journals Medical texts made simple - dream or reality?

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Inger Askehave ◽  
Karen Korning Zethsen
Keyword(s):  
Target Group ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Special Language

This article is concerned with some of the problems medical companies have in trying to produce user-friendly medical texts. Research has shown that consumer information within the medical field is often difficult to understand for the non-specialist. There are several reasons for this. One is the frequent use of special language features in texts concerned with consumer information. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of special language and suggests ways in which specialist words and expressions may be downgraded and simplified in order to accommodate the intended non-specialist target group.

scholarly journals Englisch als Lingua franca versus andere Sprachen im Bildungswesen: Polen und Japan im Vergleich

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Monika Kowalonek-Janczarek
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
English Education ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Foreign Language Policy ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
European Citizen ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this study is to compare Poland’s and Japan’s foreign languagepolicies in preschool, elementary, lower/upper secondary and higher education and shed light on the aspect of multilingualism in this milieu as well. Based on secondary data (ministerial ordinances, governmental reports, curricula) and literature knowledge, the paper provides a comparative overview of the Polish and Japanese contexts which differ in a strong way. While Poland’s foreign language policy is mainly based on the objectives of the EU’s policy according to which every European citizen should master two other languages in addition to his or her mother tongue, the Japanese government’s policy aims at improving English education.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinarity of History of Medicine and Narrowness of the Modern Domestic Historical and Medical Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Robak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Components

Author provided a classification of modern historical and medical knowledge. Further, the author convincingly proved that certain distortions and disproportions had been developed in the modern domestic historical and medical discourse. This conclusion has been done basing on analysis of publications and speeches at scientific forums of Ukrainian historians of medicine in recent years, and applying problem-chronological as well as comparative-historical research methods. Medical researchers have been trying to undertake a reconstruction of socio-cultural components of the discipline, but without sufficient mastering historical instruments. As a result, works of low quality have published. The author recommended physicians who study History of Medicine to investigate problems of development of medical science and practice, and leave problems of social relations for professional historians.

scholarly journals Assessment and final reports in foreign language lessons

EduLingua ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Feryal Çubukçu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
State University ◽  
Morphological Complexity ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Complex Words ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Separate Entry

Psycholinguists are interested in how words are stored in human memory. The question as to whether words are stored as single root words or whether they are stored along with the affixes still remains a controversial issue. Aitchison (1987) believes that each word has a separate entry. Mackay (1978) and Taft (1981) hold that words are made of constituent morphemes. When we listen, we decompose the morphemes and when we speak, we combine them to make multimorphemic words. The decomposition view claims that only the root is stored in memory. To test this claim, a group of 50 intermediate level students at the preparatory department of a state university situated on the western coast of Turkey were selected. They were taught 10 pseudo root nouns and verbs and 10 psuedo complex nouns and verbs. To see how the morphological complexity affected lexical access and which type of words were better remembered, they were tested on these words. Then the same group was given 10 root and 10 complex words in their mother tongue and their answer times were compared. Students recalled the root words more easily and accurately.The results shed light on the validity of the decomposition theory, showcasing we remember the words in roots better.

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