Method development for the determination of textural properties of sugar beet roots

2019 ◽  
pp. 392-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Kleuker ◽  
Christa M. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Sample Distribution ◽  
The Impact

The harvest of sugar beet leads to root tip breakage and surface damage through mechanical impacts, which increase storage losses. For the determination of textural properties of sugar beet roots with a texture analyzer a reliable method description is missing. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of washing, soil tare, storage period from washing until measurement, sample distribution and number of roots on puncture and compression measurements. For this purpose, in 2017 comprehensive tests were conducted with sugar beet roots grown in a greenhouse. In a second step these tests were carried out with different Beta varieties from a field trial, and in addition, a flexural test was included. Results show that the storage period after washing and the sample distribution had an influence on the puncture and compression strength. It is suggested to wash the roots by hand before the measurement and to determine the strength no later than 48 h after washing. For reliable and comparable results a radial distribution of measurement points around the widest circumference of the root is recommended for the puncture test. The sample position of the compression test had an influence on the compressive strength and therefore, needs to be clearly defined. For the puncture and the compression test it was possible to achieve stable results with a small sample size, but with increasing heterogeneity of the plant stand a higher number of roots is required. The flexural test showed a high variability and is, therefore, not recommended for the analysis of sugar beet textural properties.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of sugar beet root during storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šárka Nedomová ◽  
Vojtěch Kumbár ◽  
Roman Pytel ◽  
Jaroslav Buchar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Sugar Beet Root

Abstract This paper is an investigation via two experimental methods, of the textural properties of sugar beet roots during the storage period. In the work, sugar beet roots mechanical properties were evaluated during the post-harvest period – 1, 8, 22, 43, and 71 days after crop. Both experimental methods, i.e. compression test and puncture test, suggest that the failure strength of the sugar beet root increases with the storage time. The parameters obtained using the puncture test, are more sensitive to the storage duration than those obtained by way of the compression test. We also found that such mechanical properties served as a reliable tool for monitoring the progress of sugar beet roots storage. The described methods could also be used to highlight important information on sugar beet evolution during storage.

Importance of harvesting system and variety for storage losses of sugar beet

2018 ◽  
pp. 474-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Hoffmann ◽  
Meik Engelhardt ◽  
Michael Gallmeier ◽  
Michael Gruber ◽  
Bernward Märländer
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Optimal Setting ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
The Impact

Damage resulting from harvest operations increases the storage losses of sugar beet. Because of different equipment, the kind and extent of damage may differ between harvesting systems. The objective of the study was to analyze (I) the impact of different harvesting systems and cleaning intensities on damages of sugar beet, and furthermore, (II) the effect of these damages on storage losses. In 2015 and 2016 at four sites, two sugar beet varieties were harvested with two six-row harvesters (axial rollers versus turbines for cleaning) using three cleaning intensities with three replicates in tracks of 200m length. Roots were stored in a climate container at 9°C for 5 and 12 weeks. The results show that the diameter of root tip breakage and surface damage increased with cleaning intensity. Marked differences occurred among varieties and sites. The factor analysis indicates that the extent of damage (root tip breakage, surface damage) had a considerable impact on the infestation with mold and rots, the accumulation of invert sugar and sugar losses after storage. However, the higher root tip breakage of beets harvested by harvester2 was accompanied by lower sugar losses than in harvester1 after 12weeks storage, in particular with the aggressive cleaning intensity. The marked impact of the cleaning intensity emphasizes the importance of the operator and of the optimal setting of the harvester for a good harvest quality and thus storability of sugar beet.

scholarly journals Experimental research on vibrational digging-up of sugar beet

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
V. Adamchuk ◽  
V. Bulgakov ◽  
I. Holovach ◽  
Ye. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
A Value ◽  
Crop Root ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Researches

The technological process of vibrational digging-up of sugar beet has spread in many sugar beet-sowing coun- tries. The experience of using this process demonstrated its advantages compared against other ways of dig- ging-up, but there have been scarce experimental researches of the vibrational digging-up of sugar beet from soil which makes this topic urgent for sugar beet production. Aim. The experimental determination of rational parameters and modes of the vibrational digging-up working tool to ensure the required quality of conducting the technological process of digging sugar beet from soil. Methods. The methods of planning a multifactor ex- periment, fi eld studies, statistical processing, regression analysis of the experimental data with building graphic curves were applied. Results. A new model of a tool for vibrational digging-up of sugar beet from soil has been elaborated. The accepted program and method were used to conduct experimental research on the impact of the main construction and technological parameters of the vibrational digging-up working tool of the beet harvester on the quality indices of performing the technological process of harvesting sugar beet. The energy parameters of new vibrational digging-up working tools were studied in fi eld conditions via registering the values of tenzometric sensors in different modes of the device and different parameters and working modes of the vibrational digging-up tools. Conclusions. It was established that there is a value of the vibration frequency and running depth in soil of the vibrational digging-up working tool for each value of the translational veloc- ity of the vibrational digging-up machine which corresponds to minimal losses and damage to crop roots. It was also found that the degree of crop root damage depends on the conditions of performing the technological process of vibrational digging-up (soil solidity and humidity), and the weight of damaged crop roots increases with the increase in solidity and the decrease in humidity of soil.

Storage of Human Blood Platelets

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R Hardeman ◽  
Carina J L. Heynens
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates

SummaryStorage experiments were performed at 4°, 25° and 37° C with platelet-rich plasma under sterile conditions. In some experiments also the effect of storing platelets at 4° C in whole blood was investigated.Before, during and after three days of storage, the platelets were tested at 37° C for their serotonin uptake and response to hypotonic shock. In addition some glycolytic intermediates were determined.A fair correlation was noticed between the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock experiments. Both parameters were best maintained at 25° C. Also platelet counting, performed after the storage period, indicated 25° C as the best storage temperature. Determination of glycolytic intermediates did not justify any conclusion regarding the optimal storage temperature. Of the various anticoagulants studied, ACD and heparin gave the best results as to the serotonin uptake and hypotonic shock response, either with fresh or stored platelets. The use of EDTA resulted in the lowest activity, especially after storage.The results of these storage experiments in vitro, correspond well with those in vivo reported in the literature.

An influence of social isolation on the level of physical activity as well as on well-being and mental state of people during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Parfin ◽  
Krystian Wdowiak ◽  
Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk ◽  
Jolanta Herda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction. The COVID-19 is the name of an infectious disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). It was first diagnosed in December 2019 in patients in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The symptoms are dominated by features of respiratory tract infections, in some patients with a very severe course leading to respiratory failure and, in extreme cases to death. Due to the spread of the infection worldwide, the WHO declared a pandemic in March 2020.Aim. An investigation of the impact of social isolation introduced due to the coronavirus pandemic on selected aspects of life. The researchers focused on observing changes in habits related to physical activity and their connections with people’s subjective well-being and emotional state.Material and methods. The study was carried out within the international project of the group „IRG on COVID and exercise”. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire.Results. Based on the data collected and the analysis of the percentage results, it can be observed that the overwhelming majority of people taking up physical activity reported a better mood during the pandemic. However, statistical tests do not confirm these relationships due to the small sample size.Conclusions. Isolation favours physical activity. Future, in-depth studies, by enlarging the population group, are necessary to confirm the above observations.

Assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax spending towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of advanced development territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Guzel Mukhtarovna Guseinova ◽  
Sergei Borisovich Milov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Development

The deficit of subnational budgets and deceleration capital investments in multiple Russian regions increase the relevance of research aimed at improvement of tax incentivizing practice of the regional investment process. The studies focused on determination of the impact of socioeconomic and institutional factors upon the efficiency of investment tax expenses obtained wide circulation within the foreign scientific literature. The subject of this article is the assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax expanses towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of territories of advanced socioeconomic development, created in the subjects of Far Easter Federal District. The scientific novelty and practical values of this research consists in substantiation of the reasonableness of assessment of investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity that are stimulated by tax incentives. Methodology for assessing investment attractiveness is proposed and tested. The conclusion is made that in case of low investment attractiveness of the type of economic activity, which was planned to support by tax incentives, it is required to conduct and additional analysis to avoid unjustified tax expanses.

THE IMPACT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE BIOLOGICAL YIELD OF SUGAR BEET CROP (BETA VULGARIS L. VAR. SACCHARIFERA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1281-1284
Author(s):  
Petar Petrov ◽  
Bojan Mitrovski
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
New Production ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop ◽  
The Impact

Due to the great economic significance of the sugar beet, the new production trends are aimed at improving the quantitative and qualitative properties and one of the basic agro technical measures that is directly dependent on the yield and quality of the turnip is the properly conducted plant nutrition. Exporting high quantities of nutrients from the soil, the sugar beet requires application of advanced agro-technology, primarily application of adequate and controlled nutrition and irrigation. Application of this measure, in combination with soil processing, has sustained influence over the following cultures in the crop rotation in terms of nutrients regiment and fight against weeds.In order to determine the effects of mineral fertilizers on sugar beet, field experiment was conducted on fluvisol soil. The experiment is set according to a random block system, following the standard methods of agricultural chemistry for conducting field trials. The experiment includes eight variants, as follows: 1. Control (non-fertilized), 2. NP, 3. NK, 4. PK, 5. NPK, 6. N2PK, 7. N2P2K, 8. N3PK.In the phase of technological maturity of sugar beet, collection of the vegetative material and measurement of the height of the biological yield of the turnips was carried out. Based on the survey results, it can be concluded that the variant N2P2K has achieved the highest yield of swollen roots, i.e. 69.330 kg/ha. The highest yield of leafy greens was achieved in the variant N3PK, i.e. 41.920 kg/ha, which indicates the fact that nitrogen has direct influence over the vegetation mass of sugar beet.

Susceptibility to root tip breakage increases storage losses of sugar beet genotypes

2016 ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Hoffmann ◽  
Katharina Schnepel
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Sugar Loss

Good storability of sugar beet is of increasing importance, not only to reduce sugar losses, but also with regard to maintaining the processing quality. Genotypic differences are found in storage losses. However, it is not clear to which extent damage may contribute to the genotypic response. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of root tip breakage on storage losses of different genotypes. For that purpose, in 2012 and 2013, six sugar beet genotypes were grown in field trials at two locations. After lifting roots were damaged with a cleaning device. They were stored for 8 and 12 weeks, either under controlled conditions in a climate container at constant 8°C, or under ambient temperature in an outdoor clamp. The close correlation underlines that storage losses under controlled conditions (constant temperature) can well be transferred to conditions in practice with fluctuating temperature. The strongest impact on invert sugar accumulation and sugar loss after storage resulted from storage time, followed by damage and growing environment (year × growing site). Cleaning reduced soil tare but increased root tip breakage, in particular for genotypes with low marc content. During storage, pathogen infestation and invert sugar content of the genotypes increased with root tip breakage, but the level differed between growing environments. Sugar loss was closely related to invert sugar accumulation for all treatments, genotypes and environments. Hence, it can be concluded that root tip breakage contributes considerably to storage losses of sugar beet genotypes, and evidently genotypes show a different susceptibility to root tip breakage which is related to their marc content. For long-term storage it is therefore of particular importance to avoid damage during the harvest operations and furthermore, to have genotypes with high storability and low susceptibility to damage.

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