scholarly journals Social geographic changes in the Ústí nad Labem region during the transformation stage

Geografie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Jiří Anděl

The article focuses the observation of social geographical changes that have occurred in the Ústí nad Labem region since 1989. On the one hand, we have been observing general trends typical for our society as a whole. On the other hand, we have traced certain inertia tendencies (ensuing from particularities in terms of location, population and economy) that differentiate the Ústí nad Labem region from the rest of the Czech Republic.

Author(s):  
David Kolumber

The contribution “Anti-state Crimes in Modern Codifications” deals with the topic of anti-state crimes during centuries. Firstly, legal concepts in the pre-state period are mentioned. Then the attention is paid on the evolution of this institute in the Euro-Atlantic area. From this point of view, there are mentioned mainly regulations from England (1351), France (1810), Germany (1871) and Soviet Union (1958) which could be remarked as the most important for the development of other countries. On the other hand, it also reminds the development of codifications in Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which were affected by the Austro-Hungarian legislations as well as German and Soviet approaches. The Czech current arrangement generally does not depart from the other European samples, but it cannot be omitted that in the Czech Republic it is distinguished the penal concept of the high treason (Landesverrat, vlastizrada) from the constitutional concept (Hochverrat, velezrada) which is dedicated to the presidential anti-state activities. The contribution also indicates that the concept of anti-state crimes in countries has not been unified and it has been varying according to various experiences and attitudes.


2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Hanley

Researchers analyzing self-employment in post-communist Eastern Europe have frequently adopted a “dualist” model which relegates the self-employed to marginal sectors of the economy. This paper challenges the dualist approach and argues that the self-employed cannot be regarded as refugees from poverty with few resources and few opportunities to earn high incomes and accumulate wealth. Data from the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia are used to show that self-employment in post-communist Eastern Europe encompasses two distinct class locations: the individually self-employed on the one hand, whose socioeconomic status differs little from that of ordinary workers, and employers on the other, who receive incomes and possess assets far in excess of that of both the individually self-employed and ordinary workers. A proper understanding of the manner in which systems of stratification have changed in Eastern Europe thus requires that one acknowledge processes of differentiation among the self-employed as well as the importance of property ownership in generating new forms of social inequality in the post-communist period.


2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kupčák

Functions of wood production in forestry are historically determined by felling possibilities of forest resources. Revenues from timber sales create a financial space for silvicultural operations thus providing for management continuity. These determinations have however recently shown a rather negative trend of development due to the development of timber prices on the one hand and due to increasing inputs on the other hand, last but not least also due to the projections of near-natural forest management methods and increasing area under special management regimes. In their synergy, all these factors lead to economic impacts reflected not only in the profit of forest owners but also in economic results of other entities. The paper presents an analysis into the trends of forest management primary economic variables in the Czech Republic in the period from 1998−2004.


2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
R. Stupka ◽  
M. Šprysl ◽  
M. Pour

The aim of the study was to analyse the formation of pig belly in relation to sex. The analysis included in total 193 slaughter pigs of final hybrids currently used in the Czech Republic. The pigs were slaughtered at the age of 166–175 days. The VIA method according to the methodology of Schwerdtfeger et al. (1993) was used to evaluate the formation of belly and to estimate the percentage of lean meat. The calculation of the lean meat and its proportion in the belly was based on the equation according to Čítek (2002). The belly in total as well as the EU belly in barrows reached the weight of 7.85 kg and 4.35 kg, respectively, and in gilts 7.66 kg and 4.12 kg, respectively. With almost the same weight of dressed carcasses, the belly in barrows accounted for a higher proportion, i.e. 9.96% compared to 9.56% in gilts. In terms of percentage the gilts had a statistically highly significantly higher proportion of meat in the EU belly, namely by 3.32% compared to barrows. At all points of measurement the higher total area of the belly section was found in barrows compared to gilts. A comparison of the percentage proportion of lean meat area in the total belly area at individual points of measurement indicated statistically significantly higher values in gilts than in barrows. It was confirmed that in the section area from point 1 to point 3 the deposition of fat in barrows was higher with the values of the meat area ranging from 58.15% to 56.09%. On the other hand, in gilts the differences between individual sections were very small: 61.25%, 61.99% and 61.49%.  


2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dvořák ◽  
M. Tomšovský ◽  
L. Jankovský ◽  
D. Novotný

This study provides new data on Dutch elm disease in the Czech Republic. <I>Ophiostoma novo-ulmi</I> is reported for the first time in the area of the Czech Republic, as well as both subspecies ssp. <I>novo-ulmi</I> (indigenous in the area of the Ukraine and Moldavia), and ssp. <I>Americana</I> indigenous in North America. The majority of the recorded strains belonged to <I>O. n.-u.</I> ssp. <I>novo-ulmi</I>, while <I>O. n.-u.</I> ssp. <I>Americana</I> and hybrids of these two subspecies were found less frequently. On the other hand, <I>Ophiostoma ulmi</I> was not found at all in the investigated samples. Identification on the subspecies level was performed by methods of molecular biology, i.e. PCR and RFLP of gene regions<I> cu</I> and <I>col1</I>.


2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Ochrana ◽  
Michal Plaček ◽  
Milan Křápek

AbstractThe article examines the section of officials in the central administration who belong to the ministerial staff of the Czech Republic. It examines those persons engaged in the creation of analyses, strategies, and management activities. The study is based on original research conducted by the ministries of the Czech Republic in 2013 (N = 1351). The article seeks to discover what the make-up of this group is in terms of gender, age, and education levels at the chosen ministries, as well as to report on the types of experiences the group has had. The analysis shows that ministerial officials are in fact a gender-balanced group of employees, predominately university-educated. The overall median age of employees in all ministries is 42 years. On the other hand, there are certain inter-ministerial differences, as explained in detail in this paper. Based on results of the empirical research, conclusions have been drawn that may also serve as an inspiration for similar investigations in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe that address similar issues as found in the Czech Republic.


Author(s):  
Jitka Fialová ◽  
Mariana Jakubisová ◽  
Pavla Kotásková ◽  
Pavlína Procházková

The article presents the results of a survey on the preferences of disabled people in wheelchairs for selected features of recreational trails in forests. The study was conducted in in the years 2015 and 2016 with a sample of 109 people from Slovakia and from the Czech Republic (57 respondents in Slovakia and 52 in the Czech Republic). The questions in the survey were designed to determine the preferences concerned in this article: answers regarding the optimal length of the route for one trip and the distance between the accompanying trail elements (information signs, shelters etc.) are presented. We have observed differences between the respondents’ preferences in Slovakia and the Czech Republic in the preferred length of the trail. On the other hand, preferences in the distance between the accompanying elements on the trail in the forest did not differ. Respondents in the Czech Republic prefer far longer routes, with relatively larger distances between the recreational elements. The results will be used in the future for designing optimal trails for visitors on wheelchairs in the Masaryk Forest Křtiny, property of the Mendel University in Brno.


2021 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Jan Zavodny Pospisil

The Czech Republic is not a typical wine-growing country, yet winemaking and viticulture are among the oldest Czech crafts. Although the situation is slightly improving today, domestic wine production is not very preferred by Czech consumers since more than two-thirds of the wine that Czechs drink each year is imported. In the long term, the worst situation prevailed with the sales of a young wine. The cause was twofold: On the one hand, the market was already penetrated by imported Beaujolais nouveau, which became a synonym for the young wine. On the other, a peculiar Czechs’ taste for young wine was also an obstacle. As a young wine, many Czechs drink partially fermented must from grapevine fruits called “Burčák”. The young wine market was therefore seemingly penetrated with a low possibility of new brands entering it. The proposed case study will describe an ongoing campaign in which a new brand, “Svatomartinské víno”, was created. With this brand, it was possible to change the Czech consumers’ view of immature wines fundamentally. Thanks to the innovative branding approach, the product, which Czech consumers had neglected for many years, became a superior and must-have product for broad consumers. Also, the relationship between the brand and consumers has been established. The new brand has become a potential for many other related events. Last but not least, the consumption of domestic wine increased, which led to the support of local wineries and related regions.


Ergo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kováříková ◽  
Ondřej Valenta

Abstract Corporate foresight in the Czech Republic has been still a rather undiscovered and unmapped subject. This drawback is at least partly reduced by this article presenting results of a pioneer empirical research among Czech companies. Results of the research indicate that the level of utilization of foresight among Czech companies is low; on the other hand, the results suggest existence of a latent demand for foresight as a tool for increasing the capacities and capabilities to innovate. Innovation activities in companies are at the same time one of the most significant way to deal with contemporary economic and social development, characterized by a rapid technological progress and accelerating pace of change.


2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Jiří Trávníček

ŻYCIORYSY CZYTELNICZE ZARYS KONCEPCJIProjekt badawczy życiorysów czytelniczych — jego zaplecze i rezultaty, stosunek do biografistyki. Myślenie narracyjne i lektura, opowieść biografi czna. Potencjał życiorysów czytelniczych.LIFE STORIES OF READERS AN OUTLINE OF A CONCEPTBetween 2007 and 2013 the author carried out extensive statistical surveys of reading in the Czech Republic, the results of which were published successively in 2008, 2011 and 2014. At the same time, between 2009 and 2015 he collected 138 life stories of readers from across the country, representative of the various generations as well as social and professional groups. This material has made it possible to distinguish and describe four generations of readers: 15–24, 25–44, 45–64 and over 65, and to point to key phenomena concerning Czech readers — specific works and authors as well as attitudes to reading in general.The concept of life stories, a unique variety of biographies, on the one hand is based on a chronological interview script, the objective of which is to reconstruct the development of specific readers, and on the other it provides for a degree of freedom and spontaneity of expression, which also reveal an emotional attitude to reading. Another important feature is a strong historical and social context of reading across society. Sources produced as a result significantly complement typical memoirs and letters, which feature reading-related themes, as well as statistical surveys.


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