scholarly journals Regional Innovation Systems and Global Production Networks: Two Views on the Source of Competitiveness in the Present-Day World?

Geografie ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Blažek
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Czech Society ◽  
Transformation Processes

The aim of this article is three-fold. First, to discuss differences between the two major conceptualisations which are driving contemporary regional research in Europe and beyond. Second, to examine the contribution of the so-called “Albertov School” of Czech geography to the fore-mentioned debates. And finally, to set an agenda for future research. This investigation confirms that several decades isolation of the “Albertov School” has, to a significant extent, been overcome already. Moreover, the functioning of Czech society and its accompanying economy resembles that of developed countries and, in this sense, the specifics of the transformation processes are becoming secondary in relevance. Consequently, the basic orientation of research is being increasingly inspired by state-of-the-art regional studies. Nevertheless, several significant imbalances in current research have been identified. Therefore, this article outlines key challenges for future research.

Exploring the Role of Communities of Practice in Regional Innovation Systems

2008 ◽  
pp. 1599-1602
Author(s):  
Robin Teigland ◽  
Andrew Schenkel
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Face To Face

In the past two decades, the related concepts of regional innovation systems and clusters have become widely circulated in both academic and policy circles. Both concepts depart from the idea that innovations predominantly occur as a result of interactions between various actors, rather than as a result of a solitary genius (Håkansson, 1987; von Hippel; 1988; Lundvall, 1992), and that innovation and industrial transformation result from interactions across sets of actors within a spatially defined territory (e.g., countries, regions). Researchers within this field posit that most innovations are based on some form of problem solving in which someone generally perceives a problem and turns to someone else for help and advice (Teigland, Lindqvist, Malmberg & Waxell, 2004), and that spatial proximity seems to enhance the processes of interactive learning and innovation (Malmberg & Maskell, 2002). These assumptions draw striking parallels to the traditional concept of communities of practice (Brown & Duguid, 1991; Orr, 1990; Wenger, 1998), which are emergent groups of people who know each other relatively intimately and who primarily work together directly in face-to-face situations since learning and knowledge are situated within a physical setting (Teigland, 2003). Thus, the purpose of this short article is to provide a brief discussion of clusters and regional innovation systems, and propose broad areas of future research in which the community of practice concept can contribute to our understanding of clusters and regional innovation systems.

Exploring the Role of Communities of Practice in Regional Innovation Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Teigland ◽  
Andrew Schenkel
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Face To Face

In the past two decades, the related concepts of regional innovation systems and clusters have become widely circulated in both academic and policy circles. Both concepts depart from the idea that innovations predominantly occur as a result of interactions between various actors, rather than as a result of a solitary genius (Håkansson, 1987; von Hippel; 1988; Lundvall, 1992), and that innovation and industrial transformation result from interactions across sets of actors within a spatially defined territory (e.g., countries, regions). Researchers within this field posit that most innovations are based on some form of problem solving in which someone generally perceives a problem and turns to someone else for help and advice (Teigland, Lindqvist, Malmberg & Waxell, 2004), and that spatial proximity seems to enhance the processes of interactive learning and innovation (Malmberg & Maskell, 2002). These assumptions draw striking parallels to the traditional concept of communities of practice (Brown & Duguid, 1991; Orr, 1990; Wenger, 1998), which are emergent groups of people who know each other relatively intimately and who primarily work together directly in face-to-face situations since learning and knowledge are situated within a physical setting (Teigland, 2003). Thus, the purpose of this short article is to provide a brief discussion of clusters and regional innovation systems, and propose broad areas of future research in which the community of practice concept can contribute to our understanding of clusters and regional innovation systems.

Gamification in Management Decisions: Judging Global Production Networks in a Cyber-Physical Way

2013 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Potente ◽  
Rawina Varandani ◽  
Jan Philipp Prote
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Upper Management

The judgment of global production networks is facing three major challenges. The complexity, measurable through the huge solution space, as well as the time-consuming preparation of a decision in line with the limited amount of time of the final decision makers – CEOs and upper management. The experience from several industry projects showed the demand to transfer and apply the concept of gamification in a cyber-physical environment to decision-making in Global Footprint Design. Smart IT tools, which support the intuition and practical knowledge of the decision maker but do not finally make the decision for them, are needed. Based on general criteria for successful gamified IT tools three specific requirements for judging global production networks are derived: value creation, ludic goal orientation and autonomous discovery. The major challenges and these specified principles of gamification are addressed within the scope of an IT tool which simplifies and improves complex global footprint decisions by employing elements of gamification. It is analysed to which degree the criteria are already fulfilled, which benefits this prototype of a gamified IT tool can offer and what future research has to be conducted in order to fully let CEOs game their global footprint strategy.

Digital transformation of regional industries through asset modification

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Isaksen ◽  
Michaela Trippl ◽  
Nina Kyllingstad ◽  
Jan Ole Rypestøl
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Transformation Processes

Purpose This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework for analysing wide-ranging digital transformation processes of industries in regional contexts. Design/methodology/approach The paper includes theoretical work to create a conceptual framework. The paper illustrates and advances the framework by analysing examples from two clusters, one focused on the production of digital products and services and one centred on applying digital tools to make firms’ existing activities more efficient. Findings The paper distinguishes between three main and interlinked categories of digitalisation; development of scientific principles that form the basis for developing digital technologies; making of digital products and services; and application of these in production and work processes. Digital transformation of industries located in particular regions relate to changes of (regional) innovation systems. The authors interpret this as processes of asset modification, distinguishing between re-use of existing assets, creation of new assets and (strategic) destruction of outdated assets. Digital transformation may lead to various forms of innovation and path development activities in regional economies. Practical implications The paper highlights the importance of modification of assets in organisations and at the level of regional innovation systems to support digitalisation. Organisations need to build absorptive capacity for digitalisation. Regional innovation systems face the challenge to build relevant common assets. Originality/value The paper advocates a comprehensive framework to better understand how digital transformation unfolds. It challenges established economic geography approaches, which propagate firm-based views and centre stage skill and technological relatedness. An alternative conceptual framework for scrutinising digital transformation processes in industries in regional contexts is presented.

scholarly journals Ukraine’s foreign trade: responses to global challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Svitlana Radzivivska ◽  
Ivan Us
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Developed Countries

The overview of the country’s trade with all the continents during the period of 2000-2019 is given. The description of the commodity structure of exports/imports of goods, with particular attention to the industrial products, is followed by the detailed analysis of Ukraine’s foreign trade in 2020. The decrease in Ukraine’s foreign trade in 2020 by 6.4% is fully consistent with the projected WTO reduction of world trade in 2020 by 9.2%. Although COVID-19 had negative impact on Ukraine’s trade with the EU and the EAEU, it contributed to closer trade ties with Asia, improving Ukraine’s trade balance. The government and the national business elite should aim at solving the problems of increasing the volume and improving the commodity structure of Ukraine’s foreign trade with emphasis on the development of transport system for exporting agricultural and food products to the developed countries of the West and to the prospective economies of the East and the South. It is essential, on the one hand, to focus on the inflows of FDI and their appropriate use, and, on the other hand, on Ukraine’s participation in the formation of GVCs, global production networks. In the conditions of the Fourth industrial revolution, the economy finds itself transformed due to the fundamental changes. The optimization of foreign trade relations of Ukraine will not only improve the economy, but also enable the country to become a better functioning element of the global economic system.

Economic and Environmental Effects of Rural and Urban Shrinkage Transformation Processes in Mexico

2019 ◽  
pp. 191-208
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Adam Konto Kyari
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shrinking Cities ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Shrinkage Process ◽  
Shrinking Process ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Transformation Processes

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the empirical-theoretical approaches to shrinking cities in Mexico. The study of tendencies in economic and environmental shrinkage is tied to the expressions of substantive changes in the complexity of determinant contexts of internal and migration flows. The method used is the critical analysis of economic, social, and political tendencies in relation to the situation of shrinking cities in Mexico. The results of this analysis led to the finding that the shrinkage process in Mexico, as a developing and emerging economy, does not follow the same patterns of well developed countries, where an increase in shrinking cities has occurred since the middle of the 1950s, and the use of incentives in some localities to attract economic growth have had modest success to turn around the shrinking process. Further research on shrinking cities should be done in Mexico. Finally, this chapter analyzes some of the important issues and problems that are important to set an agenda for future research in Mexico.

scholarly journals The trouble with global production networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2097272
Author(s):  
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Development Outcomes

Some sympathetic critics have recently found trouble with the latest iteration of the global production networks theory (GPN 2.0) developed in economic geography. I term these immanent critiques “GPN trouble” and address them in this Exchanges paper in relation to GPN 2.0’s conceptualization of value and risk and its perceived “missing” elements of the state, labour, and so on. Reiterating briefly its core tenet, I first demonstrate GPN 2.0’s modest role as a meso theory of industrial organization and economic development in an interconnected world economy. I argue that empirical analysis based on GPN 2.0 must open up the “black box” of production networks in order to evaluate the causal links between network dynamics and uneven development outcomes. Second, I show how understanding these causal links can provide better answers to the crucial question of “in what sense a GPN problem?” Addressing both issues appropriately will likely reduce the sort of “GPN trouble” one might encounter in future research on global economic restructuring during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Particularities of forming regional innovation systems in the national economic space

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02036
Author(s):  
Zeyneb Adamanova ◽  
Safie Lukyanova ◽  
Lenar Safiullin ◽  
Olga Medvedeva
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Interregional Cooperation ◽  
Unified Process ◽  
The Russian Federation

A modern economy requires building effective innovation systems. The formation of national and regional innovation systems should be closely linked. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply understand and take into account the peculiarities of the formation of regional systems in the national economic space. This is especially true for the Russian Federation due to the specificity of the administrative system and existence of significant disparities between the regions. Regional innovation systems are actively being developed, just as in more developed regions and less developed countries. Despite the country’s internal conditions, this should be a unified process. Therefore, it is particularly important for the issues of interregional cooperation to eliminate asymmetries and synchronise changes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document