scholarly journals FROM NATIVE TO OUTLANDER: EXPLORING INFORMAL COMMUNITY IN CHENGZHONGCUN OF CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Ni PENG ◽  
Jin BAEK
Keyword(s):  
Urban Life ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Chinese Migration ◽  
Collective Housing ◽  
The City ◽  
Destination City

In the existing research on Chinese migration, rural domestic Chinese migrants are often portrayed as a community of intruders with a detached culture who invade a host destination city. Usually, as a first step, they settle down in a so-called “Chengzhongcun” (literally a village encircled by the city boundaries, hereafter CZC), which is a kind of “urban village”, or an undeveloped part of a city that is overshadowed by the more developed areas. The present paper tries to give an image of the rural-to-urban migrants as a more vigorous mediator that forms their migration destination. The aims are the following: first, to achieve a detailed written analysis of an existing CZC community and its functioning as a mirror of the discriminating division between the rural and urban life in China. Secondly, by taking into account the experiences of migrant communities in their host cities, this paper seeks to highlight the migrants' emotional conflict and increasing loss of values that occurs in the migration process from the rural to the urban. Thirdly, the migrants' household survival strategies shall be explored. Finally, weaving these strands together, this paper presents a case study of a Tulou collective housing project in Guangzhou Province, China.

scholarly journals Morphology of Urban Villages in China: A Case Study of Dayuan Village in Guangzhou

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Sina Shahab ◽  
Negar Ahmadpoor
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Density ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
The Village ◽  
Urban Villages

Urban villages play an important role in providing affordable housing to urban migrants in Chinese cities. They are considered as supplementary to the dual rural-urban system in China. Of central importance to studying urban villages is how the morphology of these informal settlements affects urban life. It is essential for urban planners and designers to examine the morphology of urban villages. This paper, therefore, investigates the morphology of urban villages using the case study of Dayuan Village in Guangzhou, China. The morphology of this urban village is tested against four main elements of urban morphology: urban density, accessibility, functional mix, and urban interface. Our results revealed that the type of street within the urban village has considerable influence on accessibility, functional mix, and urban interface. Regarding urban density, our results show that buildings’ height is not influenced by the centrality of buildings nor land value; however, it is likely that it is affected by planning agreements between the village committee and the local government. Land coverage does not comply with the planning regulation for residential districts. Regarding accessibility analysis, the number of entrances to streets is influenced by the type of street under analysis. The distribution of different types of functional mix is also affected by the type of street within the urban village. The buildings with a mix of ‘live/visit’ are concentrated along the formal streets and primary inner streets. The mono-functional use of ‘live’ and the bi-functional mix of ‘live/work’ are mostly located in the secondary inner streets. Regarding urban interface, our results demonstrate that the formal streets have an interface with considerable porosity, and that this can contribute to the livelihood of the immediate area.

scholarly journals Estimation of fuel potential of faecal sludge in a water scarce city, a case study of Jaipur Urban, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-514
Author(s):  
Niharika Sharma ◽  
Sagar Gupta ◽  
Anil Dutt Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Abstract Non-sewer sanitation systems are widely implemented for treatment and management of faecal sludge (FS) and septage in developing nations. India became an open defecation free (ODF) country in 2019, with more than 90 million toilets at rural and urban level constructed to achieve this ODF status. Government of India also initiated a faecal sludge and septage management (FSSM) policy in 2017. This paper highlights the policy vision for the state of Rajasthan and predicts options for a safely managed sanitation system through exploring the fuel potential of faecal sludge generated in the city. The intended study is an attempt to valorize faecal sludge into a marketable product through determining the heat capacity of dried faecal sludge from different sources such as pit toilets, septic tanks etc. In the present work in urban Jaipur, which is already a water scarce city, various onsite sanitation systems were targeted to collect FS samples from different locations. It was observed that the FS generated has a high heating value of 13.96 MJ/kg, with total solids ranges from 7 to 9%. For a pragmatic resource recovery option, the experimental data observed is validated with a literature review.

scholarly journals Contribution to the Analysis of Depopulation in Rural Areas of the Balkans: Case Study of the Municipality of Niksic, Montenegro

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3328
Author(s):  
Biljana Mickovic ◽  
Dragica Mijanovic ◽  
Velibor Spalevic ◽  
Goran Skataric ◽  
Branislav Dudic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
The City

This paper analyses demographic trends and population decline of the rural area surrounding Niksic, Montenegro, from the second half of the 20th century to the first two decades of the 21st century. After World War II, industry in Niksic began to develop strongly. A large number of state enterprises started to operate, and the consequent industrialisation and improved living conditions triggered a wave of migration from the surrounding rural areas to Niksic. The paper describes the depopulation of rural areas and the causes and consequences of migration within the Municipality of Niksic based on an analysis of population movement and density, the rural and urban populations, and the age structure of the population. Transformations of the economy after 1990 indicate that the neglect of agriculture and the destruction of agricultural land are mistakes that will prove difficult to correct. The results of our research reveal that, today, revitalisation of the countryside is only possible if non-agricultural activities are brought to the area centres and the quality of life is improved in the villages, which would reduce unemployment in the city. A solid traffic infrastructure between individual settlements and their connection with the city is also necessary. Between 2003 and 2011, the agricultural population increased by 1.2%, which gives hope because agriculture is now being recognised as significant, and a movement for changing the inherited negative perception of it is being created. This research is addressed to the state and municipal administrations of the region with the message to implement responsible and timely measures to revitalise the countryside and stop the extinction of the villages.

Black Music Traditions of Central Avenue

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Turner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Black Music ◽  
Black Musicians ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The City ◽  
Central Avenue

Because of the early development of an African American community on Central Avenue, the city of Tampa, Florida provides an excellent environment to document Black music traditions in the southeastern region of the United States. By the late nineteenth century, an urban Black working class had formed on Central Avenue. Black musicians were part of a distinct cultural community, including divergent lifestyles, which were organically linked to the rural and urban life experiences of Black people in the United States and the Caribbean.

Women’s behaviour in public spaces and the influence of privacy as a cultural value: The case of Nablus, Palestine

Urban Studies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1559-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Al-Bishawi ◽  
Shadi Ghadban ◽  
Karsten Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Culture Of Gender ◽  
Privacy Issues

The aim of this paper is to study how women’s privacy needs are met through the physical form of public spaces in both old and new urban designs, using as a case study the city of Nablus, Palestine, which has been significantly influenced by the culture of gender separation. The findings will help develop a better understanding of the relationship between women’s privacy and the physical form of public spaces and will enhance the development of public spaces that women can use comfortably and actively to participate in the urban life. An environmental approach based on the concept of behavioural setting was used to examine women’s privacy issues in the chosen public spaces. Direct observations and questionnaires were used in the fieldwork, in addition to interviews with women and relevant people who influence the women’s privacy. Maps (GIS), sketches and SPSS techniques were used to interpret the data.

scholarly journals A topofilia dos cidadãos para com o patrimônio natural urbano: O caso da cidade de Coimbra

GeoTextos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Salles Maria de Macedo Rego ◽  
João Luis Jesus Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Argument ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life ◽  
The City

O trabalho em questão analisa, segundo o prisma da Geografia, a importância do patrimônio natural em ambiente urbano. Como objetivo principal, pretende compreender a percepção que os residentes na cidade de Coimbra (Portugal) têm da natureza e do papel que o património natural pode desempenhar na qualidade de vida da cidade. Para alcançar esses objetivos, inicia-se o texto com uma reflexão teórica que percorre conceitos como a topofilia e os olhares sociais sobre o ambiente e a natureza em contexto citadino. Depois, seguem-se dois procedimentos diferentes, mas complementares: (1) Como forma de registro da presença e do estado de conservação da natureza em Coimbra e da interação entre os cidadãos e o patrimônio natural naquele espaço geográfico, fez-se uma análise de campo com a montagem de um banco de dados fotográficos que representam excertos deste território; (2) Inquéritos por meio de entrevistas, em dois bairros da cidade – Vale das Flores e Monte Formoso – privilegiando adultos com idades superiores aos 30 anos. Apesar de a pesquisa ter revelado algumas contradições entre a prática e o discurso na percepção e na relação topofílica para com as áreas verdes urbanas, concluiu-se que a presença do patrimônio natural no ambiente urbano ainda se apresenta como uma questão secundária. Contudo, também se verificou que, para reforço desta relação simbólica e/ou funcional, o patrimônio natural deve estar presente em todo o contínuo urbano e não ficar restrito aos bairros mais elitizados ou aos parques. Abstract THE CITIZENS TOPOPHILIA AND THE NATURAL URBAN PATRIMONY: COIMBRA’S CASE STUDY This paper analyzes the importance of natural patrimony in the urban environment, under the prism of geography. The main objective of this study is to understand how nature is perceived in the city of Coimbra (Portugal) and the role that green areas and natural patrimony has in the quality of urban life. To achieve these objectives, this article discusses the conceptual argument about environmental perception, topophilia and the nature in the city. For this, it was used two different procedures: (1) Field analysis on the city of Coimbra with purpose to setting up a photographic database, to verify the presence, conservation and relationship to the natural patrimony inserted in urban environment; (2) Investigation through interviews in two neighborhoods of the city – Vale das Flores and Monte Formoso. The data revealed that the perception and the topophilic relationship to urban green areas are marked by the contradiction between practice and discourse. It was concluded that the presence of natural patrimony in the urban environment still present itself as a secondary issue. Moreover, it was concluded that to strengthen this relationship symbolically and/or functionally the natural patrimony must be present throughout all the continuous urban areas and should not be restricted to elite neighborhoods or parks.

Foodies' movement fostering stakeholders' networks: A regional case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Graziella Benedetto ◽  
Maria Bonaventura Forleo
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Typical Food ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City

The central theme of this work revolves around the foodies' movement under three perspectives: firstly, from a conceptual point of view to give account of its relevance in terms of consumer demand; secondly, to verify how, from the supply side, this movement can to some extent encourage and/or strengthen the creation of networks of local actors indispensable to encourage the meeting between the needs of the demand and supply of typical food products; thirdly, based on a case study to demonstrate that the movement of foodies can be exploited within a political action aimed at reorienting local tourism development. A national case study – Alghero, IT – was analysed. By positioning the rural and urban spaces with respect to the foodies' phenomenon, the existence/absence of networks between local stakeholders some obstacles emerged so as many opportunities. The stakeholder analysis was appliedand discussed. This method was very useful for identifying the role, power and leadership that the various local actors have in favoring or hindering the creation of connection networks between the city and the countryside, and in the requalification of the supply of typical foods that fit well into the current demand trend.

Social Development and Space Patterns in Ger Settlements

Inner Asia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-244
Author(s):  
Renato D’Alençon Castrillón ◽  
Olivia Kummel ◽  
Purev-Erdene Ershuu
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Hybrid Spaces ◽  
Dynamic Hybrid ◽  
Nomadic Life ◽  
The City ◽  
Sewage Systems

Over the last 20 years, Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, has witnessed unprecedented urbanisation. Nomadic families from the rural provinces of the country have been pouring into the city and developing the so-called ‘ger settlements’. The traditional mobile dwelling, the ger (Mongolian for ‘yurt’), forms the nucleus of semi-formal settlement compounds, where yurts and makeshift shelters are surrounded by improvised walls and connected by dusty access lanes. Ger settlements lack essential urban services, such as water and sewage systems, as well as many public services and public spaces. At the same time, ger settlements are dynamic, hybrid spaces in which nomadic/rural and urban lifestyles still merge today, bearing problems but also opportunities for the city, as linkages to former nomadic lifestyles. The paper discusses challenges to community making and empowerment when transforming from nomadic life style to urban life and these are linked to the traditions and daily routines of ger settlement Yarmag.

Between the City and the Countryside

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Cortese
Keyword(s):  
Urban Politics ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Urban Elites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The subject of this chapter is the relationship between the Tuscan cities and the families belonging to the middle ranks of the lay aristocracy, from the late tenth until the early twelfth century. Taking the case-study of Florence as a starting point, a comparison with other cities of the Tuscan March in the same period (Lucca, Pisa, Arezzo, Pistoia, and Siena) will be sketched, to see that during the eleventh century we can find a similar situation in different contexts. In fact almost everywhere the ‘mid-level’ aristocracy held extensive and dispersed landholdings, many castles and private churches in the countryside, but important urban and suburban holdings as well. They established political, social, and economic connections with the primary wielders of regional power (the marquis, the counts, the bishops and other important ecclesiastical institutions) and gravitated on the cities, taking part to urban politics and probably living there some periods during the year. The situation in Florence, however, rapidly changed during the protracted crisis of the Tuscan March at the end of the eleventh and in the early twelfth centuries, when the rural aristocracy confronted a major crisis: many lineages rapidly fragmented, the splintered branches concentrated on building compact rural lordships, and they turned their backs on Florence, without playing a role in the emerging comune. But, in the same context of the decline of the March, in other Tuscan cities the separation between rural and urban aristocracies did not take place, or at least seems to have been not so stark and dramatic. Paying attention to the strength of several factors (power of the bishops, economic attraction, connections with powerful counts families etc.), different situations will be compared to reflect about the political behaviour of rural aristocracies and their degree of integration in the urban elites during the so-called ‘consular period’.

scholarly journals Rural Architectural and Planning Forms as a Source of Diversity for Urban Environment (Case Study of Moscow)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Savchenko ◽  
Tatiana Borodina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Garden Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
Ways Of Life

Abstract Inclusion of specific rural architectural and planning forms in the urban structure of Moscow is analysed. As a theoretical background, theories of Garden-Cities (Howard, 1902), Rural-urban continuum (Sorokin, Zimmerman, 1929), Slow city (Mayer, Knox, 2009) are considered. Inclusion of rural architectural and planning forms is analysed for different structural elements of Moscow’s urban environment – public spaces, industrial areas, residential areas, street and road network. Authors argue that once included into the structure of the city, rural planning and architectural forms do not disappear, but after the termination of the implementation of their parent species and ways of life, which are really related to agriculture and other “non-urban” activities, they are transformed for integration into urban life and the environment, contributing to an increase in their diversity. This pattern can be traced consistently, at least, from the XVIII century.

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