scholarly journals Psychosocial Problems and Its Associated Factors among Individual Residing in Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Basnet ◽  
Arun Kumar Koirala ◽  
Niranjan Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Psychosocial Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Alcohol Rehabilitation ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Introduction: Psychosocial problems among substance abusers are one of the important, challenging public health problems in a worldwide context which is often remain unrecognized and left untreated. This study aims to identify the psychosocial problems and its associated factors among individuals residing in drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers. Methods : A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 271 participants from January to July 2019 who are residing in four different rehabilitation centers in Kathmandu. A standard tool ‘Drug Use Screening Inventory – Revised (DUSI-R)’ was used to assess psychosocial problem with face to face interview method. Data were entered in Epi-Data and analyzed using SPSS. Results: Majority of the participants (54.2%) had secondary level education. Most of the participants (43.5%) were unemployed and were found to be involved in substance abuse. The majority of the family member of the participant (62.7%) didn't use alcohol. The starting age of most of the participants (94.5%) who were using drugs was less than 25 years. The mean score of DUSI-R tools was found to be 48.89. The majority of the participants were using alcohol, which was easily available in the market. It was also found that the psychosocial problem was associated with age and education. The psychological problem is seen in less than half (46.1%) of the participant and found to be more prevail in below 30 years of age group and mostly who are in secondary level of education. Conclusions: About half of the participants residing in rehabilitation center had psychosocial problem. Secondary level education period is a crucial time to be more aware where students are at greater risk of having substance abuse including psychosocial problem.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Problem among School-going Adolescents in Pokhara, Western Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Shila Banstola
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Psychosocial Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Academic School

Adolescence the second decade of life is the crucial period demanding significant adjustment to the physical and social changes. During this transitional period, if adequate care and attention is not given adolescents are prone to develop various psychosocial problems with long standingimpact. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of psychosocial problem and its associated factors among 360 adolescents studying in public schools of Pokhara Lekhnath Metropolitan City. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 16 applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of the study revealed that 21.7 percent of adolescents had psychosocial problem. Adolescents who are facing physical/verbal abuse (p=0.000, OR: 13.54),who do not feel good about home environment (p=0.000, OR: 5.01), have high academic/school relates stress (p=0.000, OR:5.304), who do not stay with their parents (p=0.000, OR: 4.49), belonged to hardly sufficient family income (p=0.000, OR: 3.29), those from joint family (p=0.004, OR: 2.12), whose mothers are illiterate (p=0.027, OR: 1.96) and having disrupted marital status of parents (p=0.040, OR: 1.78) were more likely to have psychosocial problem. Hence, the combined effort of family and school team is essential to protect adolescents from developing psychosocial problem. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6 (December 2017), page: 121-133

scholarly journals Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and It’s Associated Factors among Secondary Level Students in Chautara Municipality, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Trima Gurung ◽  
Damaru Prasad Paneru
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic

Children and adolescents are more prone to developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorders. Objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and associated factors among secondary level students in Chautara Municipality, Nepal. A cross sectional study was conducted among 249 secondary level students. Data were collected using population proportionate sampling method along with UCLA PTSD RI with 31 questionnaires DSM V tool was used to assess the PTSD symptom. Questionnaire was design to obtain socio demographic factor and earthquake exposure. Factor associated with PTSD development was assessed through chi square and binary logistic regression. Mean age of respondents was 15.42±1.079 years. Majority of them were middle adolescents (74.3%) and 25.7 percent were early adolescents. More than half of respondents were female 54.6 percent. This study revealed that PTSD was found to be among 27(10.8%) respondents and dissociative subtype PTSD was among 14(5.6%) respondents. Age was significantly associated with development of PTSD. Earthquake exposures like financial constraints after earthquake food deficiency displacement due to earthquake was the major factors associated with PTSD development. Psychological tutorship for PTSD is found to be protective factors for PTSD development in adolescents. PTSD was quite high among the secondary level students after six month of earthquake in Chautara municipality, Sindupalchwok district and psychological tutorship and humanitarian program for traumatized students could prevent development of PTSD. Key words: Post traumatic stress disorder; Associated factors; Earthquake; Secondary levels students

scholarly journals Gender differences among adolescents with substance abuse problems at Maria clinics in Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Anderberg ◽  
Mikael Dahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Aim: The article describes similarities and differences regarding various risk factors between girls and boys with substance abuse problems who begin outpatient treatment at the Maria clinics in Sweden. Potential hypotheses and some implications are also discussed. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on interview data from 2169 adolescents obtained over three years from outpatient clinics in 11 Swedish cities. Results: Girls appear to consistently have more difficult family and childhood environments than boys, and are more likely to have problems related to school, more serious substance abuse problems, and more severe mental health problems. Criminal activity is significantly higher among boys. Conclusions: The study shows that girls entering treatment generally have significantly more risk factors than boys and thus more extensive problems in several aspects of life, which in turn increases the risk of developing serious drug and alcohol problems in adulthood. The study supports the gender-paradoxical relationship in which a smaller proportion of girls than boys enter treatment for substance abuse, even though girls tend to have more problematic life situations.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intimate partner violence in Malaysia and its associated factors: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati Kadir Shahar ◽  
Faridah Jafri ◽  
Nor Afiah Mohd Zulkefli ◽  
Norliza Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship. IPV is an important public health problem with substantial consequences on physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health. Data on the systematic review of IPV are vital as basis for policy and program recommendations. The purpose of this systematic review was to ascertain the prevalence of IPV and its associated factors in Malaysia. Materials and methods A systematic review was conducted on published research studies from four databases which included Scopus, Medline, Sage and Google Scholar using keywords of intimate partner violence OR IPV AND associated factors OR risk factors OR protective factors AND Malaysia. Articles included were either cross-sectional, cohort or case-control studies which were published between the year 2005 till present. Excluded articles were the non-Malaysian origin, irrelevant topics being studied and articles not written in English. Results and discussion Out of 1983 records identified and screened, five were included for the analysis and interpretation of the data. All of the included studies were of cross-sectional design in which one of the studies was secondary data. IPV prevalence in Malaysia has a wide range between 4.94 and 35.9%. Two studies reported emotional or psychological abuse as the most common form of IPV (13% out of 22%) and (29.8%; CI = [0.27, 0.32]). Significant factors associated with IPV were lower education background, lower socio-economic status, history/ current substance abuse, exposure to prior abuse or violence, violence-condoning attitude; husbands or partners controlling behaviour, substance abuse and involvement in fights and lack of social support. Conclusion Specific IPV intervention should focus on lower socio-economic groups, high-risk institutionalised groups, the involvement of partners or husband and addressing issues of substance abuse.

scholarly journals Incidence of Road Traffic Injury and Associated Factors among Patients Visiting the Emergency Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bewket Tadesse Tiruneh ◽  
Berihun Assefa Dachew ◽  
Berhanu Boru Bifftu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traffic Injury

Background. Road traffic injuries are a major public health issue. The problem is increasing in Africa.Objective. To assess the incidence of road traffic injury and associated factors among patients visiting the emergency department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 356 systematically selected study subjects were included in the study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify associated factors with road traffic injury. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance.Results. The incidence of road traffic injury in the emergency department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital was 36.8%. Being a farmer (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI = 1.06–10.13), conflict with family members (AOR = 7.7; 95% CI = 3.49–8.84), financial problem (AOR = 9.91; 95% CI = 4.79–6.48), psychological problem (AOR = 17.58; 95% CI = 7.70–12.14), and alcohol use (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.61–5.27) were independently associated with road traffic injury.Conclusion and Recommendation. In this study the incidence of road traffic injury was high. Alcohol is one of the most significant factors associated with Road Traffic Injury. Thus urgent education on the effect of alcohol is recommended.

Determinant Factors And Health Implications Of Early Marriage On The Girl Child In Otuan Community Bayelsa State Of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Letticia Ikiomoye Beredugo ◽  
Awoniyi Babafemi Adeyanju ◽  
Maureen Bunadoumene Nkamare ◽  
Binaebi Amabebe
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Excessive Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Determinant Factors

The practice of early marriage for women remains rampant in developing nations around the world today, and it is a major problem contributing to maternal ill health and death in Nigeria. It has consequence on both social and health of not only the girl child but the children born to these young mothers. The aim of the study is to identify the determinant factors and health implications of early marriage on the girl-child in Otuan Community, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A descriptive study was done using a descriptive cross-sectional survey type of design, One hundred and thirteen (113) respondents were recruited for the study. A self-developed pilot tested questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The instrument was face validated by three experts in the field of Nursing and research; reliability was established using the test retested method and a retest coefficient of 0.82 was arrived at; and data generated were analysed. The study found that; majority of the respondents identified poverty/economic hardship, tradition and culture of the people, area of settlement, peer group and parental neglect as determinant factors that influences early girl-child marriage. The respondents also identified maternal and infant death, sexually transmitted diseases, child disability, prolonged sickness after birth and psychosocial problems as health implication of early girl-child marriage. The study further revealed that the girls had experienced excessive bleeding, anaemia, and prolonged/obstructed labour as complications during pregnancy. The study found that increased educational attainment among girls, risks, change of cultural norms that support early child marriage, and provision of economic opportunities for girls and their families as ways of preventing early girl-child marriage. it is recommended that proper education of girls and parents on the associated risk of early girl-child marriage and formulation of laws and policies to protect adolescent is advocated.

Postpartum Depression and Its Associated Factors among Women in Bandar Abbas City

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Background: Postpartum depression with a different incidence of 40- 45% in different societies, which it has adverse effects on the health of mothers and their child, given the negative effects of maternal depression and its harmful effects on the baby and the quality of family life. So, this study was performed with the aim to determine postpartum depression and its associated factors in Bandar Abbas city. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 after obtaining consent from mothers by the census. A total of 343 mothers was examined for depression who referred to Bandar Abbas health centers in the 2nd and 4th months after childbirth. The data collection tools included demographic information and Postpartum Depression Edinburgh questionnaires. Finally, the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software and data were analyzed using the Independent t-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.Result: Totally, 68 (19.8%) of samples were in the second month and 54 (15.7%) in the fourth month after delivery had postpartum depression. The incidence of depression in the four months was 6.6%. There was a significant difference between depression and income, parental education, father’s use of cigarette and abnormalities of the infant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other factors such as gestational age, infant sex, birth weight, unwanted pregnancy, and type of delivery. Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of this disorder, it seems that postpartum depression screening planning should be considered during child routine care as an essential component, especially for vulnerable groups.

Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Josimara A. de Araújo Varela ◽  
Tatiana F.T. Palitot ◽  
Smyrna L.X. de Souza ◽  
Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti ◽  
Alessandro L. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The City

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face, and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians. Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over (30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%), and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p<0.05). Conclusion: Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65 years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.

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