Study and analysis of the morphology and composition of wear particle in the used engine oil of marine diesel engines

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
М.Е. Старченко ◽  
А.В. Надежкин ◽  
И.В. Соколова ◽  
А.В. Голенищев
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Used Engine Oil ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Engine Wear ◽  
Wear Products

В статье представлены результаты исследования состава и морфологии частиц продуктов износа в работающем моторном масле судового двигателя внутреннего сгорания. Полученные данные базируется на результатах физико-химического и спектрального анализа работающего масла, идентификации дисперсного состава частиц загрязнения в нем и углубленном анализе элементного состава и формы продуктов износа пар трения судовых двигателей. Из представленных результатов следует, что основное количество частиц износа не превышает 3 мкм и представляет собой сложные сплавы, полученные в результате изнашивания трущихся сопряжений двигателя. Анализ формы частиц износа, выполненный с помощью сканирующего электронного микроскопа Lyra3 Tescan, показал что у более чем 90 % всех частиц величина Wr превышает значение 0,8. Показано на основе выполненного исследования, что спектральные методы анализа обеспечивают высокую достоверность трибомониторинга и трибодиагностики судовых дизелей. The article presents the results of a study of the composition and morphology of particles of wear products in used engine oil of a marine diesel engine. The obtained data are based on the results of physicochemical and spectral analysis of operating oil, identification of the dispersed composition of pollution particles in it, and in-depth analysis of the elemental composition and shape of wear products of friction pairs of ship engines. From results follow that the main amount of wear particles does not exceed 3 microns and they are complex alloys obtained as a result of engine wear of friction. The analysis of the shape of the wear particles, carried out using a Lyra3 Tescan scanning electron microscope, showed that more than 90% of all particles had a Wr value greater than 0.8. It is shown on the basis of the performed research that spectral methods of analysis provide high reliability of tribomonitoring and tribodiagnostics of marine diesel engines.

scholarly journals Выбор индекса производительности центробежного сепаратора для комбинированных маслоочистительных комплексов судовых тронковых дизелей

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Lubrication System ◽  
Centrifugal Separator ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Engine Wear

Показана перспективность комбинированной очистки моторного масла в судовых тронковых дизелях с использованием саморегенерирующихся фильтров и сепараторов. Этот метод очистки особенно эффективен для форсированных высокоавтоматизированных двигателей с низким угаром масла, работающих на высоковязких остаточных топливах. Обосновывается важность надежной защиты подшипников двигателя от абразивного изнашивания полнопоточным фильтрованием масла. Центробежный сепаратор, работающий по байпасной схеме, эффективно удаляет из системы смазки мелкодисперсную фазу нерастворимых загрязнений, что обеспечивает функционирование и повышает автономность саморегенерирующегося фильтра, а также замедляет старение смазочного масла. Доказывается необходимость подбора сепаратора по удельному индексу производительности, обеспечивающему ресурсосберегающее маслоиспользование в системе «дизель–топливо–масло– очистка». Новизна экспериментального моделирования эффективности этой системы состоит в оценке с помощью лабораторной моторной установки трибологических показателей отработавшего в судовом дизеле смазочного масла, отражающих взаимодействие звеньев рассматриваемой системы, и установлении их связи с изнашиванием двигателя. Эффективность системы идентифицирована по критерию изнашивания дизеля, что позволяет использовать ее расчетно-экспериментальную модель для определения параметров центробежного сепаратора – с тем, чтобы он удовлетворял требованиям рассматриваемых взаимодействующих звеньев. Модель трансформирована в выражение для расчета удельного, приходящегося на единицу мощности двигателя индекса производительности сепаратора, обеспечивающего минимальное изнашивание двигателя, бессменную работу смазочного масла и автономный срок службы саморегенерирующегося фильтра не менее 3 тыс. ч. Полученные рекомендации по подбору сепаратора в системе смазки двигателя с полной реализацией достоинств автоматизированной тонкой очистки моторного масла комбинированием фильтрования и центрифугирования применимы для судовых дизелей средней и повышенной частоты вращения мощностью до 20 тыс. кВт. Ключевые слова: ресурсосберегающее маслоиспользование, саморегенерирующийся фильтр, центробежный сепаратор, изнашивание дизеля, комбинированная очистка масла, смазочная система, индекс производительности сепаратора, оптимизация сепарирования масла The prospects of combined cleaning of engine oil in ship trunk diesel engines using self-regenerating filters and separators are shown. This cleaning method is especially effective for high-powered, highly automated engines with low oil waste, operating on high-viscosity residual fuels. The importance of reliable protection of engine bearings from abrasive wear by full-flow oil filtration is substantiated. The centrifugal separator, operating according to the bypass scheme, effectively removes the finely dispersed phase of insoluble contaminants from the lubrication system, which ensures the functioning and increases the autonomy of the self-regenerating filter, and also slows down the aging of the lubricating oil. The necessity of selecting a separator according to the specific performance index, which ensures resource-saving oil use in the “dieselfuel-oil-cleaning” system, is proved. The novelty of the experimental modeling of the efficiency of this system consists in evaluating the tribological indicators of the lubricating oil used in a marine diesel engine, reflecting the interaction of the links under consideration, on a laboratory motor unit, and establishing their connection with engine wear. The efficiency of the presented system is identified by the criterion of diesel wear, which makes it possible to use its computational and experimental model to determine the parameters of a centrifugal separator so that it meets the requirements of the considered interacting links. The model has been transformed into an expression for calculating the specific index of the separator performance per unit of engine power, which ensures minimum engine wear, permanent operation of the lubricating oil and an autonomous service life of a self-regenerating filter of at least 3 thousand hours. Full realization of the advantages of automated fine cleaning of engine oil by combining filtration and centrifugation, are applicable for marine diesel engines of medium and high speed with a capacity of up to 20 thousand kW. Keywords: resource-saving oil use, self-regenerating filter, centrifugal separator, diesel wear, combined oil purification, lubrication system, separator performance index, optimization of oil separation

scholarly journals Analysis of wear particles in used marine engine oils

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Н.Я. Синявский ◽  
А.М. Иванов ◽  
Н.А. Кострикова
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Particle Sedimentation ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Engine Wear ◽  
Wear Products ◽  
Changes Over Time

В данной статье предпринята удачная попытка комплексирования магнитооптического метода и метода фотонной корреляционной спектроскопии для регистрации ферромагнитных частиц продуктов износа дизельного двигателя и определения их дисперсных характеристик. Такой подход позволяет фиксировать низкое содержание магнитных наноразмерных частиц и их дисперсность в отработанном судовом моторном масле, является новым и решает актуальную задачу. Выполнены эксперименты по наблюдению продольного магнитооптического эффекта Фарадея в модельной магнитной жидкости и в отработанном моторном масле. Показано, что низкая концентрация магнитных частиц в отработанном масле не позволяет наблюдать в нем эффект вращения плоскости поляризации в магнитном поле. Для измерения крупных частиц износа, смытых с фильтрующего элемента масляного фильтра, использовались закономерности процесса осаждения частиц в растворе и регистрация поглощения света, изменяющегося со временем. Полученные результаты позволяют получать важную информацию о состоянии и неисправностях деталей и механизмов двигателя по содержанию частиц износа в отработанном масле. In this article, a successful attempt has been made to combine the magneto-optical method and the method of photon correlation spectroscopy to register ferromagnetic particles of diesel engine wear products and determine their disperse characteristics. This approach makes it possible to record a low content of magnetic nanosized particles and their dispersion in used marine engine oil, is new and solves an urgent problem. Experiments on observation of the longitudinal magneto-optical Faraday effect in a model magnetic fluid and in used engine oil have been carried out. It is shown that the low concentration of magnetic particles in the waste oil does not allow observing the effect of rotation of the plane of polarization in a magnetic field. To measure large wear particles washed away from the filter element of the oil filter, we used the regularities of the process of particle sedimentation in solution and the registration of light absorption that changes over time. The results obtained make it possible to obtain important information on the condition and malfunctions of engine parts and mechanisms by the content of wear particles in the used oil.

Increasing the durability of the coupling "crankshaft neck – bearing liner" by applying nanocomposite additives to the engine oils of marine medium-speed diesel engines

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Л.Б. Леонтьев ◽  
Н.П. Шапкин ◽  
А.Л. Леонтьев ◽  
В.Н. Макаров ◽  
А.В. Арон
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
Technical Operation

Повышение долговечности трибосопряжений судовых дизелей, определяющих их ресурс, представляет собой актуальнейшую проблему, обусловленную как безопасностью мореплавания, так и экономическими факторами. Основной причиной отказов коленчатых валов двигателей, определяющих необходимость капитального ремонта, является износ шеек. Решение проблемы повышения износостойкости и, соответственно, долговечности связано с применением трибоактивных присадок в смазку. Несмотря на глубокие и обстоятельные исследования в области применения органо-неорганических материалов для использования в качестве присадок в моторное масло для повышения долговечности трибоузлов осуществить выбор оптимального материала для конкретных условий практически невозможно, так как исследования выполнены для различных условий эксплуатации и по различным методикам. Цель работы – разработка триботехнической присадки к моторным маслам, обеспечивающей повышение надежности и эффективности технической эксплуатации судовыхсреднеоборотных дизелей путем формирования тонкопленочного металлокерамического покрытия на поверхностях трения стальных деталей трибоузлов, позволяющего получить оптимальный комплекс параметров материала износостойкого покрытия. В работе представлены исследования эксплуатационных свойств присадок в моторное масло 17 органо-неорганических триботехнических материалов 4 групп — природные и искусственные полимеры, из которых были изготовлены свыше 20 композиций и композитов. Установлено, что наиболее перспективным является использование нанокомпозитов на основе вермикулита, модифицированного кислотой, в качестве присадок в моторное масло, так как они обладают минимальными коэффициентом трения при граничной смазке (0,007–0,014) а также высокой износостойкостью стали 40Х и обеспечивают минимальную величину скорости изнашивания вкладыша подшипника, благодаря чему повышается ресурс трибосопряжения более, чем в 3 раза, и соответственно снижаются эксплуатационные расходы. Increasing the durability of the tribo-couplings of marine diesel engines, which determine their resource, is an urgent problem due to both the safety of navigation and economic factors. The main reason for engine crankshafts failures, which determine the need for major repairs, is the wear of the necks. The solution to the problem of increasing wear resistance and, accordingly, durability is associated with the use of triboactive additives in the lubricant. Despite in-depth and thorough research in the field of application of organo-inorganic materials for use as additives in engine oil to increase the durability of tribo-nodes, it is almost impossible to choose the optimal material for specific conditions, since the studies were carried out for various operating conditions and according to various methods. The purpose of the work is to develop a tribotechnical additive to motor oils that provides an increase in the reliability and efficiency of technical operation of medium-speed marine diesel engines by forming a thin-film metal-ceramic coating on the friction surfaces of steel parts of tribo-nodes, which allows to obtain an optimal set of parameters of the wear-resistant coating material. The paper presents studies of the operational properties of additives in engine oil of 17 organo-inorganic tribotechnical materials of 4 groups — natural and artificial polymers, from which more than 20 compositions and composites were made. It has been established that the most promising is the use of nanocomposites based on vermiculite modified with acid as additives in engine oil, since they have a minimum coefficient of friction with boundary lubrication (0.007-0.014) as well as high wear resistance of 40X steel and provide a minimum wear rate of the bearing liner, thereby increasing the tribo-tension life by more than 3 times, and, accordingly, operating costs are reduced.

scholarly journals Influence of lubricating oil centrifugal separation intensity in combined cleaning systems on marine diesel engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Nikolai Sergeevich Molokov ◽  
Gennadiy Petrovich Kicha ◽  
Andrei Veniaminovich Nadezkin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Centrifugal Separation ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Engine Wear ◽  
Capacity Index

The article considers the rationality of combined lubricating oil cleaning system in the automatically operated marine diesel engines. The system includes a self-recovering filter and a self-cleaning centrifugal purifier. This combination is found to obtain resource-saving oil using coupled with minimum engine wear and increased reliability. The full-flow filtration of oil in a die-sel engine lubricating system is necessary to protect its friction couples (bearings) from abrasive wear. Centrifugal separation contributes deep oil purification i.e. removal of insoluble impurities reducing lubricating oil service life. By means of experimental simulation there has been found a minimum value of centrifugal purifier capacity index, when engine wear reaches the lowest level and keeps stable. The dependence of engine wear on the fuel quality and centrifugal purification intensity represented by centrifugal purifier capacity index is displayed. The adequacy variance was calculated, the adequacy of the found model being checked by using Fisher criterion. The experimental design and processing of the results have been carried out using orthogonal central composite plan of the second order. Specificity of polynomial when all the points of extremum show the minimum value of engine wear was presented. The model is designed to select the proper oil purifier for forced marine diesel engines with average and increased revolutions.

scholarly journals Research and development of commercially viable lubricants to intensify working life of marine diesel engines and cylinder piston group in internal combustion engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Aleksandrovich Chanchikov ◽  
Ivan Nikolaevich Guzhvenko ◽  
Alexandr Ivanovich Andreev ◽  
Marina Aleksandrovna Shulimova ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Svekolnykov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Piston Group ◽  
Molybdenum Diselenide ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Cylinder Piston

The paper presents the results of studying the influence of variable characteristics of lubricating oils for marine diesel engines (concentration of layered friction modifier in lubricating oil, viscosity of lubricating oil, contact pressure in the friction zone) on the tribological parameters of parts of the cylinder-piston group of marine diesel engines. There are considered the aspects of increasing the reliability and wear resistance of the cylinder-piston group of marine diesel engines when a layered friction modifier is added to the base lubricating oil in a concentration of 1.5 vol.%. There have been carried out the comparative tribological studies of M-16G2CS lubricating oil including an additive based on molybdenum diselenide. Dependences of the wear of parts of the cylinder-piston group of a marine engine on different parameters of the studied lubricants are shown. The wear rate of experimental samples in conditions of variable characteristics of lubricants has been studied. According to the tribological studies of lubricants and structural materials, the tribological rating of lubricating compositions containing M16G2CS marine engine oil as a base and a layered friction modifier - molybdenum diselenide as a tribologically active additive was built. The test tool for the antiwear ability of lubricants is a friction machine of an original design with abraded samples according to the “ball-cylinder” contact scheme. Mechanical mixing of the lubricating medium of “oil + additive” type on the RPU-0.8-55A rotary-pulsating unit was one of the variable parameters in the tests. The tribological efficiency of the studied antiwear additive varies depending on the type of mixing of the additive solution before adding to the base lubricating oil and makes 13-54% (the difference in the diameter of the wear spot of the sample) for mechanical mixing, and for rotary-pulsation mixing - 45-56%.

scholarly journals FORMULATION OF NEW LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS OF M-20 БП ENGINE OIL FOR MARINE DIESEL ENGINES.

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (04) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Hagigat Aliashraf Javadova ◽  
◽  
Yulduz Boyuk Agha Ramazanova ◽  
Gulshan Galib Yusifzadeh ◽  
Zakiya Kamil Maharramova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Marine Diesel

scholarly journals FULL-FLOW COMBINED BY FILTRATION AND BY CENTRIFUGATION THIN CLEANING OF MOTOR OIL IN SHIP DIESELS

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Gennadiy Petrovich Kicha ◽  
Liudmila Anatolievna Semeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Oil Purification

The article gives analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of cleaning engine oil in internal combustion engines by filtration and centrifugation. The principles of increasing the efficiency of fine oil purification by combining these methods are formulated. The scheme of a perspective system for fine cleaning of engine oil is presented, which most fully realizes the advantages of full-flow filtration and centrifugation for a two-circuit lubrication system of forced internal combustion engines. The operating conditions of diesel engines are shown, under which the advantages of filtration and centrifugation can be realized to the full. The indices for the specific productivity index and capacity of the centrifugal cleaner are calculated, contributing to the attainment of the minimum wear rate of the engine parts and the maximum service life of the filter elements. Prospects for the application of a full-flow fine engine oil purification system in forced engines with a sequential connection of purification units with different principles of separation of complex heterogeneous polydisperse systems, which include the products of contamination of lubrication systems, are outlined. Particularly effective is the use of the developed combined fine-cleaning system in marine diesel engines with increased rotational speed, operating on screw characteristics. The results of motor tests in the ship's trunk boosted diesels of the new combined lubrication oil fine cleaning system are reported. The results of operational tests in the marine diesel engine ДД108 (8ЧСПН 18/22) of a combined engine oil purification system have been analyzed, which combine the advantages of a full-flow filter and a centrifuge with a discharge head connected in series. The parameters of efficient regular and experienced combined engine oil cleaning system are compared with the effect on aging, wear and varnish and lacquer formation of a diesel engine.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Lubricants Performances in Light- and Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines in The Application of Biodiesel (B20).

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Hanifuddin Hanifuddin ◽  
Milda Fibria ◽  
Catur Y. Respatiningsih ◽  
Setyo Widodo ◽  
Maymuchar Maymuchar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Used Engine Oil ◽  
The Road ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

The use of biodiesel as fuel in light- and heavy-diesel engine vehicles in general will negatively affects the lubricant performance. the changes in lubricants properties during the use of B20 were investigated. Two type of vehicles engines were used, namely heavy duty and light duty diesel engines. The road test wascarried out until 40,000 km, while the lubricant was drained and analysed only for 10,000 km of distances. The laboratory test was conducted to observe both fresh and used lubricants. The results show that the biodiesel dilutions were less than 2% both in light- and heavy-duty diesel engines. The kinematic viscositiesof 4 samples of used lubricants in light-duty diesel engine were decreased in the ranges of 0.58 – 7.5%, while in heavy-duty diesel engines were 4.66-16.04% from the initial values. The decreasing of TBNs were less than 14% in light-duty diesel engine and fewer than 16% in heavy-duty diesel engine fuelled by biodiesel (B20). Meanwhile, the acidity of used engine oil was increased until 173% for light-duty diesel engine and 63% heavy-duty diesel engine compare to the initial values. The results show that the metal additives decreased while wear metal increased. According to this study, the increasing of wear metal (copper) in the used lubricants were less than 23% in light-duty diesel engine and lower than 26% in heavy-duty diesel engine fuelled by biodiesel (B20). Meanwhile, the lead contents of used engine oil were increased to 3.2 ppm in heavy-duty diesel engine and was not detected in light-duty diesel engine. After all, this work found that the lubricants exhibit good performances in the light- and heavy-duty diesel engines fuelled by B20. The changes of some critical properties were still in the acceptable values regarding to the specification as required in the SNI-7069-5 (2021).

scholarly journals METHODS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF THIN CLEARING ENGINE OIL BY IMPROVING FILTERING NONWOVENS IN OIL PURIFIERS OF MARINE DIESEL ENGINS

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Andrei Veniaminovich Nadezkin ◽  
Gennadiy Petrovich Kicha ◽  
Liudmila Anatolievna Semeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Oil Purification ◽  
Filtering Element

The article presents the results of motor tests of mass production filtering elements and new ones with improved performance in marine diesel engines. The filtering elements help to increase the efficiency of cleaning the engine oil and to lessen the engine wear and carbonation. The extended diesel service life is directly connected to the quality of oil purification. There has been carried out the analysis of developing filter technology regarding to engine oil cleaning in lubrication systems of ship medium-speed internal combustion engines equipped with different oil cleaners on the vessels of the Far Eastern basin. There have been presented the methods of increasing the throughput, dirt capacity and service life, as well as the fineness and completeness of sifting filtering elements due to the use of new filter materials. The dependence of the oil filtration rate on the efficiency of its purification is shown. Oil purification process can be intensified by means of decreasing the rate of oil filtering. To obtain the optimal filtering rate it is necessary to choose the appropriate size of a filtering element. Nowadays, the production technology of filtering elements is constantly improving, parameters of filtering materials are being upgraded, such as porosity, specific capacity, etc. There have been proposed measures to improve the hydraulic and filtering characteristics of nonwovens from cellulose and synthetic fibers of different thicknesses with different fillers and binders, which increases the permeability of papers, the number of pores per unit surface and a narrower distribution in diameter. New scientific and technical solutions are presented, which increase the efficiency of oil use in diesel engines. The ways of reducing the wear rate of the main parts in the engine due to full-flow fine cleaning of lubricating oil providing economical resource-saving operation of the trunk diesel engines are shown. The Russian industry manufactures the full-flow filtering elements and filtering materials relevant to the best international analogues.

METHOD OF DETERMINING THE SURFACE TENSION AND SURFACE ENERGY OF TRIBOLOGICAL WEAR PARTICLES

Tribologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 293 (5) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Jan Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Wear Particle ◽  
Specific Enthalpy ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Wear Product ◽  
Wear Products ◽  
Definition Of

Surface tension of friction wear product material is linked with unit mechanical work of newly-formed surfaces of solids. A definition of surface energy also addresses the thermal effect, which is indirectly connected with wear. Physical differences between the development of liquids and solids surfaces are discussed. Both of the quantities defined are described in analytical terms and their value is determined for a selected example of experimental testing. The discussion is based on the first law of thermodynamics using the concept of specific enthalpy of wear products. Boundaries of an area in space where mechanical energy is dissipated and dimensions of a wear particle being formed are taken into account. Mechanical and thermal parts of the energy balance are differentiated.

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