scholarly journals Rejestr sprawców przestępstw seksualnych. Uwagi na tle ustawy z dnia 13 maja 2016 r. o przeciwdziałaniu zagrożeniom przestępczością na tle seksualnym

2016 ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Joanna Mierzwińska-Lorencka
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Instrument ◽  
Public Concerns

The article discusses on the Act on counteracting threats of sexual offences. It introduces to the Polish legal system the Registry of Sex Offenders in a version with a limited access and a version available to the public. Criticising the adopted solutions, the author point out the lack of integration with other interventions conducted in Poland against sex offenders, noncompliance with the recommendations of the most important expert circles in the field. The summary emphasises that access to information contained in the registry of limited access will increase the safety of children, especially in those areas where the authorities of the state or local government shall perform activities related to the wider education, treatment or care of minors. However, it should be connected with the organization of a wide range of preventive measures. From the other side the public registry will contribute to increasing public concerns and will be associated with the negative consequences for the perpetrators, and often their families, and the victims themselves. There is certainly an effective instrument that can be used countering threats of crime against sexual abuse.

scholarly journals Pacification and Indigenous Struggles in Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Dafnos
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Indigenous Resistance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Information Requests

Front-line police operations are deeply entwined with less visible activities – or practices not commonly identified as policing – that are carried out by a wide range of participants as strategies of settler-colonial pacification operating through the organizing logics of security and liberal legalism. Using open source texts and records obtained through access to information requests, this article unmaps some of the contemporary strategies employed by Canadian institutions to pacify Indigenous resistance. As a contribution to the body of work seeking to develop the politics of anti-security, the analysis disrupts the binary categories that animate security logic by examining the public order policing approach of the Ontario Provincial Police, the framing of Indigenous resistance as a security threat, and the integral role of Indian Affairs in securing the settler-state.

scholarly journals MODEL AKTIVITAS GERAKAN LITERASI BERBASIS KOMUNITAS DI SUDUT BACA SOREANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Andri Yanto ◽  
Saleha Rodiah ◽  
Elnovani Lusiana
Keyword(s):  
Local Communities ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promotional Efforts ◽  
Movement Activities ◽  
Move Literacy

One of the literacy movements that is currently developing is the proliferation of various communities Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) which was established by the community to provide access to information to the public in order to realize lifelong learning. Sudut Baca Soreang (SBS) as a TBM by relying on a variety of community is very active in making various activities literacy movements. This study aims to create a model of literacy movement activities undertaken by SBS with the end result was the model of a community -based literacy movement activities so that it can be one model for other TBM in making various activities literacy movements. The research method used in this study is a qualitative research using case study approach. The results showed that the shape of the literacy movement activities SBS driven by volunteers as well as spearhead in carrying out various activities that have been prepared weekly/monthly/yearly with one of the volunteers as person in charge. All activities are always evaluated regularly. This model can move literacy activities, promotional activities and drives the field of literacy advocacy activities. The manager of SBS (founders, trustees and volunteers) to make a wide range of activities aimed at local communities, which involves internal SBS as well as external parties SBS from local communities, students and community leaders and other strategic partners as a driver of literacy programming that has been designed by the manager of SBS, All activities that have been implemented are supported by promotional efforts through social media such as facebook as a primary medium.Salah satu gerakan literasi yang saat ini berkembang adalah menjamurnya berbagai komunitas Taman Bacaan Masyarakat (TBM) yang didirikan oleh masyarakat untuk memberikan akses informasi kepada masyarakat guna mewujudkan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat. Sudut Baca Soreang (SBS) sebagai sebuah TBM dengan mengandalkan berbagai komunitas masyarakat sangat aktif dalam membuat berbagai kegiatan gerakan literasi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membuat model aktivitas gerakan literasi yang dilakukan oleh SBS dengan hasil akhirnya adalah adanya model aktivitas gerakan literasi berbasis komunitas sehingga dapat menjadi salah satu percontohan bagi TBM lainnya dalam membuat berbagai kegiatan gerakan literasi. Metode penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk aktivitas gerakan literasi SBS dimotori oleh relawan serta menjadi ujung tombak dalam melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan yang telah disusun setiap minggu/bulan/tahunan dengan salah seorang sukarelawan sebagai penanggungjawabnya. Seluruh aktivitas tersebut selalu dilakukan evaluasi secara rutin dan dilakukan evaluasi tahunan pula. Model ini dapat menggerakkan aktivitas literasi, promosi kegiatan dan menjadi penggerak kegiatan advokasi bidang literasi. Para pengelola SBS (pendiri, pengurus dan relawan) membuat berbagai aktivitas yang ditujukan untuk masyarakat sekitar yang melibatkan pihak internal SBS maupun pihak ekternal SBS mulai dari masyarakat sekitar, pelajar ataupun tokoh masyarakat dan mitra strategis lainnya sebagai penggerak kegiatan literasi yang telah dirancang oleh pengelola SBS. Seluruh aktivitas yang telah dilaksanakan didukung oleh upaya promosi melalui media sosial berupa facebook sebagai media utama.

scholarly journals Certainty and Ascertainability of Criminal Law after the Pitcairn trials

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Fran Wright
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Legal Advice ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
Not At Risk

According to the certainty principle, someone should not be charged with or convicted of a criminal offence that they did not and could not have known existed. This article considers this principle in light of the trial of seven Pitcairn Islanders for offences under the English Sexual Offences Act 1956. The islanders were unaware of the terms of the Act and had very limited access to information about criminal law. Their claim that the prosecutions were an abuse of process failed because they had indirect access to legal advice and also must have known that their conduct was criminal. The article argues that the reasons given for upholding the convictions were inadequate. Criminal law on Pitcairn was uncertain. However, uncertain law is not always unenforceable. Courts have to balance the interests of defendants with those of victims. Certainty is an important principle but it is not a rigid and inflexible requirement. Case law suggests that there is a defence based on uncertainty only if the existence of an offence was not predictable and the offence lacks a fault element. In other cases, a defendant can be said to have fair notice and is not at risk of being convicted in the absence of subjective fault.

scholarly journals Identifying Criminal Career Patterns of Sex Offenders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Dolezal ◽  
Ena Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Information ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Intense social and political changes in the past decades led to changes in crime rates and the way the public perceives crime. Although there is a concern about crime in general, there seem to be some types of offences that cause more distress to the general public than others, for example, sexual offences. They seem to receive significant amounts of public condemnation and represent the focus of many punitive policies. In order to understand criminality as an individual and a social problem, researchers began to study crime through the concept of criminal career. One of the ways of getting insight into this type of offenders is by exploring their criminal career referring to a longitudinal series of offences committed by a person which has a noticeable series of offences. The study of the criminal career of sexual offenders has the potential to bring new information to experts and legislators, contribute to a greater understanding of the continuity of transgression from adolescence to adulthood and ensure better knowledge of the occurrence of sexual misconduct, how it begins, how it develops over time and how it ends.

Child molesters and other sexual offenders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1433-1441
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Hucker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Child Molesters ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Wide Range

General psychiatrists, and not just forensic specialists, will encounter sex offenders, as well as their victims, in their practices and need to be familiar with the topic in general terms. Broadly, sexual assaults can encompass a wide range of unlawful sexual behaviours, ranging from the non-contact and ‘hands-off’ types through to very severe attacks that can include murder. The clinical and criminological characteristics of these types are summarized in this chapter, as well as the essentials of general and risk assessment of those charged with, or convicted of, sexual offences, psychological and pharmacological treatments and their efficacies, and the ethical dilemmas that can make work in this area a challenge.

scholarly journals From Their Angle: A Look at the Emotional World of Defense Attorneys Who Represent Sex Offenders

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2199480
Author(s):  
Mally Shechory Bitton ◽  
Anat Mashiach
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Sex Offenses ◽  
Defense Attorneys ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emotional Detachment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face

This research focused on how defense attorneys who represent sex offenders perceive their work with them and whether this representation affects their daily life and mental well-being. Fifteen defense attorneys working for the Public Defender’s Office in Israel were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. The findings indicated two major issues related to defense attorney perception of their work: (1) the distinctiveness of representing sex offenders due to their unique characteristics and (2) the emotional impact of working with sex offenders. The findings suggest complex effects and implications of working with sex offenders. In the interviews, participants reiterated their attempt to remain objective and nonjudgmental. Even so, they also described a wide range of feelings in the face of exposure to sex offenses and their job of defending sex. Feelings of anger, disgust, and revulsion at the offenses co-existed with feelings of pity and empathy for the offender. These descriptions constitute significant support for the emotional cost to attorneys and their consequent distress. Feelings of wariness, loss of trust, and emotional detachment were described as part of coping with exposure to the disturbing nature of sex offenses. In addition, participants noted how these feelings impact daily interactions with their own children.

Preventing child sexual abuse and the use of child abuse images: the Prevention Project Dunkelfeld as an international perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus M. Beier
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sexual Offences

Paedophilia—a sexual preference for the body scheme of pre-pubescent children—is defined as a disorder within the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) of the World Health Organization as well as within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association. Contrary to popular belief, not all sex offenders who target children are paedophiles, and not all paedophiles commit sexual offences. But quite obviously paedophilia is an emotionally charged and controversial topic, which might be an explanation for putting it out of focus within the healthcare system. Mental health professionals are mainly (and worldwide) not well trained in terms of assessment methods and intervention techniques available to develop and implement effective policies and practices. This presents an obstacle for prevention, in that proactive strategies to protect children from child sexual abuse and sexual exploitation by online offences, such as the consumption or distribution of child abusive images (so-called child pornography), which emphasises the internationally relevant dimension of the issue. The article will address key concerns and questions in dealing with this clinically relevant population, offer insights into a primary prevention approach developed in Germany, and discuss the situation on a European level.

The Challenges in Dealing with Organized Crime and its Consequences in Modern Societies in Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia – the Balkan Peninsula

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Bashkim Selmani ◽  
Bekim Maksuti
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Organized Crime Groups ◽  
Further Development

The profound changes within the Albanian society, including Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia, before and after they proclaimed independence (in exception of Albania), with the establishment of the parliamentary system resulted in mass spread social negative consequences such as crime, drugs, prostitution, child beggars on the street etc. As a result of these occurred circumstances emerged a substantial need for changes within the legal system in order to meet and achieve the European standards or behaviors and the need for adoption of many laws imported from abroad, but without actually reading the factual situation of the psycho-economic position of the citizens and the consequences of the peoples’ occupations without proper compensation, as a remedy for the victims of war or peace in these countries. The sad truth is that the perpetrators not only weren’t sanctioned, but these regions remained an untouched haven for further development of criminal activities, be it from the public state officials through property privatization or in the private field. The organized crime groups, almost in all cases, are perceived by the human mind as “Mafia” and it is a fact that this cannot be denied easily. The widely spread term “Mafia” is mostly known around the world to define criminal organizations.The Balkan Peninsula is highly involved in these illegal groups of organized crime whose practice of criminal activities is largely extended through the Balkan countries such as Kosovo, Albania, Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia, Montenegro, etc. Many factors contributed to these strategic countries to be part of these types of activities. In general, some of the countries have been affected more specifically, but in all of the abovementioned countries organized crime has affected all areas of life, leaving a black mark in the history of these states.

Алгоритм оценки степени физического износа структурно сложных объектов ВКХ с применением риск-ориентированного подхода

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
V. Grachev ◽  
N. Kurysheva ◽  
O. Plyamina ◽  
V. Lobkovskiy ◽  
E. Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Physical Deterioration ◽  
Indicator Framework ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Проведенный анализ современных нормативноправовых документов и практики оценки физического износа структурно сложных объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства показал, что современные методы оценки не учитывают особенности этих объектов. Выявлены факторы, влияющие на структуру показателей оценки физического износа по основным группам и элементам объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства. На их основе разработан алгоритм оценки физического износа объектов с применением рискориентированного подхода для трех уровней: объект, технологические элементы объекта (сооружения), функциональные элементы в составе сооружений (здания, оборудование). Использование алгоритма позволяет разработать рекомендации по корректировке периодичности и частоте проведения мониторинга показателей уровня физического износа объектов централизованных систем водоснабжения и водоотведения и их элементов. Практическое применение разработанного алгоритма будет способствовать внедрению современных подходов по управлению рисками, связанными с уровнем физического износа и оценкой вероятности потенциальных негативных последствий природного, антропогенного и другого характера. Внедрение алгоритма позволит также устанавливать уязвимые области и проводить предупредительные мероприятия в отношении возникновения угрозы нарушения обязательных требований, в том числе меры по снижению рисков (техникотехнологическое обновление зданий, сооружений, оборудования). Это необходимо для объективного и обоснованного планирования капитального ремонта, восстановления и развития объектов водопроводноканализационного хозяйства и их элементов.The paper analyzes current regulatory documents and experience in the field of assessing the deterioration of structurally complex water supply and sanitation facilities. The paper shows that modern assessment procedures do not take into account any features of such objects. The paper identifies factors that affect the indicator framework for assessing the physical deterioration of the main groups and components of water supply and sanitation facilities. Based on these factors, the paper proposes an algorithm for assessing the physical deterioration of facilities using a riskoriented approach for three levels: an object itself, its engineering components (facilities), and their functional elements (buildings, equipment). The paper indicates that the use of the algorithm would provide for developing recommendations for adjusting the frequency of monitoring indicators of the physical deterioration level of facilities of public water supply and sanitation systems and their elements. The implementation of the developed algorithm would contribute to the successful introduction of advanced approaches to managing risks associated with the level of physical deterioration and assessing the probability of potential negative consequences of natural, anthropogenic, and other origins. The introduction of the algorithm would also allow identifying vulnerable areas and taking preventive measures against the threat of violation of mandatory requirements including measures for reducing risks (technical and engineering renovation of buildings, facilities, equipment). This is required for objective and substantiated planning of overhaul, restoration, and development of water supply and sanitation facilities and their components.

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