scholarly journals Properties of Electrosynthesized Cobalt Doped Zinc Selenide Thin Films Deposited at Varying Time

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ezenwaka, L. N. ◽  
Okoli, N. L. ◽  
Okereke, N. A. ◽  
Ezenwa, I. A. ◽  
Nwori, N. A.
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Zinc Selenide ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Oxide Substrates ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Different Dimensions

Time optimized cobalt-doped zinc selenide thin films have been successfully electrodeposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates. The films were deposited at the varying time of 1 min, 3 mins, and 5 mins respectively. Film thickness, optical, structural, electrical, and morphological properties of the deposited thin films were evaluated. Film thickness estimated using the gravimetric method increased from 294.35 nm to 399.62 nm as deposition time increased. Optical properties showed that the absorbance of the films ranged from 13.58% to 83.15% and was found to increase as deposition time increased. Transmittance ranged from 24.40% to 73.15% and was found to decrease as deposition time increased. The reflectance of the films was found to be low while the energy band gap ranged between 2.10 eV and 2.85 eV. Structural properties confirmed the deposition of ZnSe thin film with crystallite size values that fall between 14.68 nm and 18.60 nm. Dislocation density is ranged from 4.66 × 1015 lines/m2 to 2.97 × 1015 lines/m2 while microstrain ranged between 8.53 × 10-3 and 5.83 × 10-3. Crystallite sizes of the films were found to increase as deposition time increased while dislocation density and microstrain were found to decrease as deposition time increased. Electrical properties showed that the deposited films are semiconducting films with electrical resistivity values of 1.54 × 105 Ω cm-1.83 × 104 Ω cm and electrical conductivity values of 6.30 × 10-6 S/cm-5.47 × 10-5 S/cm. The micrograph of the films showed that the films were made up of nanoparticles and nanofibres of different dimensions. Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) spectra of the films confirmed the presence of cobalt, zinc, and selenium.

scholarly journals Emergence and Evolution of Crystallization in TiO2 Thin Films: A Structural and Morphological Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
Ofelia Durante ◽  
Cinzia Di Giorgio ◽  
Veronica Granata ◽  
Joshua Neilson ◽  
Rosalba Fittipaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Complementary Techniques

Among all transition metal oxides, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most intensively investigated materials due to its large range of applications, both in the amorphous and crystalline forms. We have produced amorphous TiO2 thin films by means of room temperature ion-plasma assisted e-beam deposition, and we have heat-treated the samples to study the onset of crystallization. Herein, we have detailed the earliest stage and the evolution of crystallization, as a function of both the annealing temperature, in the range 250–1000 °C, and the TiO2 thickness, varying between 5 and 200 nm. We have explored the structural and morphological properties of the as grown and heat-treated samples with Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffractometry, and Raman spectroscopy. We have observed an increasing crystallization onset temperature as the film thickness is reduced, as well as remarkable differences in the crystallization evolution, depending on the film thickness. Moreover, we have shown a strong cross-talking among the complementary techniques used displaying that also surface imaging can provide distinctive information on material crystallization. Finally, we have also explored the phonon lifetime as a function of the TiO2 thickness and annealing temperature, both ultimately affecting the degree of crystallinity.

scholarly journals Electrodeposition of CdTe Thin Films for Solar Energy Water Splitting

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ling ◽  
Xulei Zhang ◽  
Ting Mao ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Shilin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Photoelectric Characteristics ◽  
Cdte Thin Films

CdTe thin films have been prepared by electrochemical deposition. The morphological, structural, and optical properties of CdTe thin films deposited with different deposition time were investigated, and the influence of film thickness on the photoelectric characteristics of CdTe thin films was studied. At the deposition time of 1.5 h, CdTe thin films had good optical properties and the photocurrent reached 20 μAcm−2. Furthermore, the Pt/CdS/CdTe/FTO structure was prepared to improve its PEC stability and the photocurrent of 240 μAcm−2 had been achieved.

Influence of Film Thickness on Optical and Morphological Properties of TiO2 Thin Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Faruk Hossain ◽  
Md Sarwar Pervez ◽  
M A I Nahid
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films

EFFECT OF SPRAY DEPOSITION TIME ON OPTICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF P3HT: PCBM THIN FILMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhana Aziz ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Inhomogeneous Surface ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

This paper investigated the effect of spray deposition time on optical and morphological properties of P3HT: PCBM thin films. The effects of spray deposition time on the optical and morphological properties of thin films were investigated using optical microscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM spectra show that the thin films prepared at 10s spray deposition time are more uniform while the 15s and 20s samples presented coffee ring shapes with inhomogeneous surface formation. The ridge-like features can be observed in the surface for all samples and become more pronounced with increasing spray deposition time. The root mean square (RMS) roughness of the samples increased with increasing spray deposition time. Based on the absorption results, it is concluded that higher spray coating times result in lower crystallinity of the thin film. The 10 s spray deposition time is the most suitable deposition time for producing thin films with good morphology and crystallinity for polymer solar cells (PSCs) with improved power conversion efficiency (PCE).

Synthesis and Non-Destructive Characterization of Zinc Selenide Thin Films

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 993-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brijesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Pratima Singh ◽  
Dharmendra Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Zinc Selenide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Curve Fit ◽  
Polynomial Curve ◽  
Evaporation Technique ◽  
Znse Thin Films ◽  
Fifth Order

AbstractThe present work encloses the deposition of three zinc selenide (ZnSe) thin films of thickness 175 nm, 243 nm, and 286 nm using thermal evaporation technique under a vacuum of 5 × 10−5 mbar. The deposited ZnSe thin films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface profilometer, ultraviolet (UV)-visible (Vis)-near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometer and Raman spectroscopic measurements. The structure and morphology measurements reveal that the deposited ZnSe material is nanocrystalline having a cubic structure whose crystallinity increases with an increase in film thickness/evaporation rate. The optical band gap estimated from the optical transmission spectra of the films is found to be 2.62 eV, 2.60 eV, and 2.57 eV, respectively, which decreases with an increase in film thickness. The estimation and polynomial curve fit analysis of refractive index, extinction coefficient, and dielectric constant indicates that these physical quantities are fifth-order polynomial function of wavelength. The obtained results are compared and analysed for justification and application of ZnSe thin films.

BATH PARAMETER DEPENDENCE OF CHEMICALLY-DEPOSITED COPPER SELENIDE THIN FILM

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 3063-3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL-MAMUN ◽  
A. B. M. O. ISLAM
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Copper Selenide ◽  
Reaction Bath ◽  
Selenide Thin Film

In this article, a low cost chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique has been used for the preparation of Cu 2-x Se thin films on to glass substrate. Different thin films (0.2–0.6 μm) were prepared by adjusting the bath parameter like concentration of ammonia, deposition time, temperature of the solution, and the ratios of the mixing composition between copper and selenium in the reaction bath. From these studies, it reveals that at low concentration of ammonia or TEA, the terminal thicknesses of the films are less, which gradually increases with the increase of concentrations and then drop down at still higher concentrations. It has been found that complexing the Cu 2+ ions with TEA first, and then addition of ammonia yields better results than the reverse process. The film thickness increases with the decrease of value x of Cu 2-x Se .

scholarly journals Optimization of Electrical and Morphological Properties of MCrAlY thin films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering using Taguchi method

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinaya B C ◽  
K M Narayanappa ◽  
B S Praveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Sputtering Power

The objective of the research work was to optimize and standardize sputtering parameters based on physical parameters and electrical properties of the coatings. The experimental and statistical investigation was conducted for optimizing the sputtering parameters. The sputtering parameters were selected as sputtering power, working gas pressure, substrate temperature and deposition time. For coating of MCrAlY thin film on a borofloat glass substrate, the electrolytic MCrAlY target was used based on a design of experiment layout. The thin film coatings were characterized for film thickness and surface roughness. The optimum conditions for maximum thickness and minimum surface roughness are sputtering power (17.57 W), working gas pressure (5x10-3mbar), substrate temperature (100˚C) and deposition time (32 min). The ANOVA results for film thickness showed the contribution of deposition time (93.92) followed by working pressure (3.26 %), substrate temperature (2.052 %) and power (0.646%)

Structural and Optical Properties of PbS Thin Films Deposited by Chemical Bath

2019 ◽  
Vol 397 ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azzeddine Beggas ◽  
Z. Becer ◽  
R. Ahmim ◽  
Mohamed Salah Aida
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Molar Concentration ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Crystallite Sizes

The lead sulfur (PbS) as thin films were deposited on ordinary glass slides, for different deposition times ranging from 30 to 90 min, and for different molar concentrations of lead nitrate (0.01, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1) mol / l, at ambient temperature of 55 ° C, using thiourea and lead nitrate as source of S2- and Pb2+ ions respectively and TEA as complexing agent. For different deposition times, the films grow preferentially along (200) direction. With increase in deposition time, and at fixed molar concentration the transmittance remained less than 30% and the optical band gap value decreases from 1.8 to 1.6 eV, while the crystallite size increases from 21.9 to 27.8 nm. For various molar concentrations of lead nitrate and with time deposition equal to 60 min, it was observed that the films grow preferentially along (111) or (200) directions, which depend on the molar concentration. Increasing the concentration of lead nitrate leads to decrease the energy gap from 1.58 to 1.37 eV and increase the crystallite sizes from 28.0 to 32.6 nm.

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