The formation of structural relationships effective indicators on city brand in religious cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ajza Shokohi ◽  
Masoud Zamanipoor ◽  
Amir Hossein Khademi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Destination Loyalty ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
City Brand ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The City

Religious cities are considered popular tourist attractions; therefore, they make use of branding as an effective strategy in urban development to enhance the tourism industry. Given the spiritual appeal of religious cities, it seems that a number of hypotheses on city-brand management have undergone changes. Considering these hypotheses, this study aimed at investigating the structural relationship between destination image, overall satisfaction, satisfaction attributes and loyalty in the city of Mashhad. The required data were collected by using a questionnaire randomly distributed among the visitors of the Imam Reza shrine. In order to analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis was first used, and then confirmatory factor analysis was utilized. Contrary to what is claimed by a number of studies on branding, the results of this study showed that the visitors' decision to pay a return visit to Mashhad was affected not by their overall satisfaction but by their devotion to the holy place, which could be regarded as an important factor in their return to the city as a tourist destination. Destination loyalty was also found to have a direct and considerable influence on destination image in this religious city.

Structural Relationships among Customer Delight, Exercise Commitment, and Psychological Happiness

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Boo-Gil Seok ◽  
Hyun-Suk Park
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Structural Correlation ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Customer Delight

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the structural relationships among customer delight, exercise commitment, and psychological happiness to contribute developing exercise Apps. Methods/Statistical analysis: A questionnaire survey was conducted and 160 college students who are familiar with mobile exercise applications participated. The data analyzed with frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural correlation analysis. The validity and the reliability were obtained: customer delight (χ2=26.532, df=14, CFI=.985, TLI=.971, RMSEA=.075), exercise commitment (χ2=113.802, df=49, CFI=.956, TLI=.941, RMSEA=.091), and psychological happiness (χ2=15.338, df=8, CFI=.989, TLI=.980, RMSEA=.076, and Cronbach’s α=.906~.938).

The role of leadership and communication in internal city branding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico Piehler ◽  
Ayla Roessler ◽  
Christoph Burmann
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Branding ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Brand Commitment ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Brand Communication ◽  
Internal Branding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
City Brand ◽  
The City

Purpose This study aims to investigate the brand-oriented leadership of a city’s mayor and city online brand communication as brand management-related antecedents of residents’ city brand commitment. It thus examines if city brand managers can apply internal branding concepts from the corporate branding domain in a city branding context. Design/methodology/approach The relationships between the brand management-related antecedents and the internal city branding (ICB) objective are tested through structural equation modeling using cross-sectional survey data of 414 residents of a German city. Findings Both the brand-oriented leadership of the mayor in terms of acting as a role model by living the city brand and its identity and by showing commitment to the brand and the city’s online brand communication in terms of its quality have positive effects on residents’ city brand commitment. Moderation analyses reveal no significant differences between the path estimates for age, place of birth, duration of residency and education. However, the results differ significantly for gender. Research limitations/implications As this study’s sample is limited to only one city in Germany, further research needs to investigate the relationships in different cities and other countries to ensure the generalizability of the results. Future studies might also include other aspects of city brand communication, as well as cognitive and behavioural ICB objectives. Practical implications To increase residents’ city brand commitment, city brand managers should ensure that a city’s online brand communication is adequate, complete, credible, useful and clear. Furthermore, through creating awareness for the importance of a mayor’s brand-oriented leadership and through educating and training the mayor to engage in this specific form of brand-oriented transformational leadership, city brand managers can increase residents’ emotional attachment with the city brand. Originality/value This study integrates internal branding research from the corporate branding domain with place and city branding research. It confirms that certain aspects of internal branding (i.e. brand-oriented leadership, brand communication and brand commitment) are applicable not only in the corporate branding domain but also in other branding contexts such as city branding if adapted properly.

DETERMINANTS OF LOYALTY IN CULTURAL DESTINATIONS: EVIDENCE FROM PETRA, JORDAN

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Destination Loyalty ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
New Evidence

It is commonly understood within the tourism industry that the longer term success of a destination depends on visitor loyalty. While there have been extensive scholarly investigations of destination loyalty, there has been minimal empirical examination of the most critical determinants of loyalty within a single integrated model, particularly in the context of cultural destinations. To bridge this gap, this study investigates the direct influence of five factors on destination loyalty; destination image, destination awareness, perceived risks, perceived quality, and perceived value. The authors also provide new evidence about these relationships, with a focus on Petra one of the world’s most popular cultural-oriented destinations. Using a purposive sampling method, a total of 708 surveys were collected from international tourists who visited Petra between April and June 2019. It was found that all antecedents apart from perceived risks, had a positive impact on destination loyalty. Apart from extending knowledge about destination loyalty, this study provides key implications for practitioners and proposes a future research agenda.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI TERHADAP WISATA HALAL DI KOTA PADANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
SRI MARYATI
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
National Priority ◽  
The City ◽  
Islamic Values

Halal tourism is tourism that puts forward the values and norms of Islamic Sharia as a basic foundation. As a new concept in the tourism industry, halal tourism requires efforts and development strategies as well as a comprehensive understanding of how to accommodate Islamic values in tourism activities. This study aims to see how the perception of tourist visitors in the city of Padang, one of the National Priority Halal destinations. This research is a descriptive study with a survey method conducted on 100 respondents chosen randomly in Padang destinations and tourist attractions. The halal tourism dimension is adapted from indicators applied by the Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI)

India’s destination image and loyalty perception in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-582
Author(s):  
Theera Erawan
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Destination Loyalty

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the direct and indirect effects of destination image on destination loyalty. Indirect effects are measured via tourists’ satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach A reliable conceptual framework was developed through a mixed methods research methodology. A three-pronged approach was used to cross-validate the results from a literature review, expert interviews, and exploratory study. Structural equation modeling was used in conceptual model development and hypotheses testing. Findings Exploratory dimensions of destination image, satisfaction and destination loyalty of Indian cities were revealed from Thai tourists’ perception. The positive indirect effects of destination image on destination loyalty via satisfaction is supported. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to tourists of Thai nationality who visited India’s travel destinations. Future research should include further generalization of the research methodology to specific travel destination. Practical implications This study provides useful information for India’s tourism industry, specifically for the marketing of historical cities as travel destinations. Originality/value By proposing a reliable conceptual model based on a mixed methods research methodology, this study is among the first to explore destination image, satisfaction and destination loyalty in India’s tourism context. The mediating role of satisfaction on destination image and destination loyalty was also recognized as an extension of, and contribution, to the theoretical foundation for the destination image concept.

The role of travel experience in the structural relationships among tourists’ perceived image, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Liu ◽  
Jun (Justin) Li ◽  
Woo Gon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Visitor Satisfaction ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Measure Model ◽  
First Time

The theoretical relationships among tourists’ perceived destination image, satisfaction, and future behavioral intentions are very important for the tourism industry and have been studied by many scholars. This paper examines how these relationships differ for tourists with different travel experiences by studying 514 Mainland Chinese outbound travelers to Macau. The conceptual model incorporates the exogenous formative concept of perceived image and the endogenous reflective concept of visitor satisfaction as well as the visitors’ behavioral intentions. This study not only verifies the conceptual schema in three assumed relationships but also confirms that the importance of perceived image for satisfaction is higher for first-time visitors than it is for returning visitors. The confirmative measure model reveals that the dimension of ‘leisure activities’ contributes the most to the overall destination image. Finally, suggestions for tourism development organizations are provided based on the findings of this study.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationships between Destination Image, Place Attachment, and Destination Loyalty in the Context of Night Markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jen Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Place Attachment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Destination Loyalty ◽  
Place Dependence ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Significant Direct Effect ◽  
Night Markets

<p>This study investigates destination image, place attachment (including place dependence and place identity), and destination loyalty among visitors to night markets. A total of 474 effective questionnaires were collected from visitors to the three well-known Tainan night markets in Taiwan. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed using Amos 18 for Windows. The empirical results showed that destination image has a significant direct effect on place dependence, place identity, and destination loyalty. Additionally, place identity is the antecedent that has an effect on destination loyalty. In the indirect effect, destination image mainly influenced destination loyalty through place identity. Practical implications and recommendations for further studies are also provided.</p>

scholarly journals Examining the Relationships of Cognitive, Affective, and Conative Destination Image: A Research on Safranbolu, Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umit Basaran
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
Positive Word Of Mouth ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Destination image is formed by three distinctly different but hierarchically interrelated components called cognitive, affective, and conative (Gartner, 1993:193). In this context, the main purpose of this research is to confirm the relationships between the cognitive, affective, and conative components of destination image. It also aims to reveal the multidimensional nature of cognitive destination image and determine the dimensions that compose it. Data for the sample was collected from 446 tourists who visited Safranbolu, Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses. The results show that the cognitive destination image is a multidimensional construct. Also it is confirmed that destination image is a hierarchical structure within the cognitive, affective, and conative components. The assessment of both the cognitive and the affective components of destination image can be used as a predictor of tourists’ behavioral intentions toward destinations, such as intention to revisit, recommend, and spread positive word of mouth. Moreover, it is revealed that the affective component is influenced by the cognitive component and the affective component also mediates the relationship between the cognitive and conative components. These results provide some theoretical and managerial implications.</p>

scholarly journals Factor Structure of a Social-Emotional Screening Instrument for Preschool Children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Anunciação ◽  
Chieh-Yu Chen ◽  
Danilo Assis Pereira ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Reliability Indicators ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The City

Screening tools in health and education provide quick indicators that anticipate diagnostic evaluation and treatment. Faced with the socio-emotional competences of children, the Ages &amp; Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) was used in thepopulation of children enrolled in public pre-schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro during 2011. The objective of this work was to investigate aspects of its validity and reliability. Data from 23,334 children (50.6% boys) being an average age of 5 years old (SD: 3 months) and enrolled in 625 pre-schools were analyzed. After an intensive data analysis, the Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the results were favorable to the multidimensional model with a social and emotional dimension: χ2 (463) = 46363.495, p &lt;0.001; RMSEA = 0.067; CFI = 0.918; TLI = 0.913. Reliability indicators were adequate. The results confirmedvalidity aspects of the ASQ:SE, thereby verifying its use for children aged 5 years old.

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