scholarly journals Bridging Coronary Physiology into Clinical Application of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Arkus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-197
Author(s):  
Hardi Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Coronary Physiology ◽  
Tunica Media ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Heparin Sulfate ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Tunica Intima

Normal arteries have three layers of structure, tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. Intima tunica is the deepest layer of coronary arteries in which there are antithrombotic molecules such as heparin sulfate, thrombomodulin, and plasminogen activator. In addition, tunica intima also contains substances that regulate the contraction of tunica smooth muscle cell media, called nitric oxide (vasodilators) and prostacyclin (vasoconstrictors). Tunica intima and tunica media seem to be directly related to the atherosclerosis process. Meanwhile, the role of tunika adventisia is unknown. The accumulation of atherosclerotic lesions and hemodynamic stress factors and the degradation of extracellular matrix will cause susceptibility of atherosclerotic plaque fibrous capsules to rupture and form thrombus. Thrombus that occurs in the coronary condition causes acute coronary syndrome, characterized by typical symptoms such as chest pain depending on the thrombus formed. In studying acute coronary syndromes, of course it cannot be separated from understanding the physiology of coronary arteries and the process of atherosclerosis. Therefore, this article aims to briefly explain coronary physiology.

Prevalence of Vitamin-D Deficiency in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Syria

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3544-3548
Author(s):  
Aya Hallak ◽  
Malhis Mahmoud ◽  
Yaser Abajy Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with acute coronary syndrome in comparison with normal individuals and study the correlation between these two conditions. We measured the plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D) levels in 60 patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) of both gender and in 30 age matched control individuals of both gender without any known cardiovascular or systemic diseases. The levels of 25-OH-D were measured by ELISA method and the results were statically analyzed to find out any possible correlation. We classified the cases according to their plasma 25(OH)D levels. 25(OH)D levels of ≥ 30 ng/ml were considered normal, levels < 30 and > 20 ng/ml were classified as insufficient, while levels of ≤ 20 ng/ml were classified as deficient. In the current study the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the patients group was much higher than it was in the control group. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 80% and insufficiency in 13% of total patients of ACS, there by bringing the total count to 93%. Whereas only 7% of the patients had adequate vitamin D levels. Thus, these results indicate the existence of a significant correlation between the vitamin D deficiency and ACS in comparison to healthy controls

Redefining residual inflammatory risk after acute coronary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco G Del Buono ◽  
Rocco A Montone ◽  
Giulia Iannaccone ◽  
Riccardo Rinaldi ◽  
Giulia La Vecchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

Over the last decades, inflammation proved to play a pivotal role in atherosclerotic plaque formation, progression and destabilization. Several studies showed that the patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome are at increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events at both short- and long-term follow-up. Results from different clinical trials highlighted that a residual inflammatory risk exist and targeting inflammation is a successful strategy in selected cases associated to an increased inflammatory burden. Recently, the optimization of intracoronary and multimodality imaging allowed to also assess the entity of local inflammation, thus encouraging the individuation of plaque characteristics that portend a higher risk of future cardiovascular events. In this short review, we aim to highlight the role of systemic and local inflammation in acute coronary syndromes, to provide a summarized overview of the possible medical strategies applicable in selected cases and to underline the diagnostic and prognostic potential of multimodality imaging.

scholarly journals Clozapine-Induced Myocarditis or Acute Coronary Syndrome? Optical Coherence Tomography to the Rescue

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Dina ◽  
Peter Barlis ◽  
William van Gaal
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
Troponin Elevation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Chest X Ray

Chest pain and troponin elevation may be due to an acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis, acute cardiomyopathy, or other less common conditions. Management differs depending on the aetiology, and the pathophysiologic diagnosis has direct implications on treatment and patient outcomes. History and clinical examination is supplemented by selected investigations including the electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and even myocardial perfusion scintigraphy or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Intravascular imaging can provide important insights into the underlying mechanism of acute coronary syndromes, especially when angiography is ambiguous.

scholarly journals Acute Coronary Syndrome With Normal Coronary Arteries: a Case of Spontaneous Spasm Lysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vogiatzis Ioannis ◽  
Koutsambasopoulos Konstantinos ◽  
Samaras Antonios ◽  
Bostanitis Ioannis
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Normal Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM MINOCA PATIENTS BASED ON COMPARISON OF TOTAL REGISTER OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN THE KRASNODAR REGION WITH FOREIGN REGISTERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
S. V. Kruchinova ◽  
E. D. Kosmacheva ◽  
S. A. Raff ◽  
V. A. Porkhanov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Krasnodar Region

The review presents a comparative analysis of data from patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Data were obtained from the total register of acute coronary syndrome in the Krasnodar Krai and were compared with data of foreign registers.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Nursing Ability To Know Acute Coroner Syndrome In Emergency Installation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Agus Riyadi ◽  
Karmiati Karmiati
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Almost All

Background: Coronary heart disease is the most cardiovascular disease that causes death in the world. The ability of nurses to recognize acute coronary syndromes is very necessary as part of the emergency services team. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the factors that influence the ability of nurses to know acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department of dr. Iskak Tulungagung. Methods : The design of this research is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional approach with the population of all nurses who work in the Emergency Department of dr. Iskak Tulungagung. The population is 55 nurses. The sample is all of the population, namely 55 respondents with total sampling sampling techniques. The data that has been collected is processed by a statistical test of Multivariate Analysis, Ordinal Regression with significance α = 0.05. Result : The results showed that most of the respondents with D3 education were 33 respondents (60.0%), almost all respondents had never attended ECG training in the amount of 50 respondents (90.9%) and almost half of the respondents had a working period of 2-5 year is 25 respondents (45.5%). The results of the regression regression analysis showed that the p-value = 0.855 on the education factor which means that H0 was accepted, the p-value = 0.041 in the training factor which means H1 is received, the p-value = 0.003 on the working period, which means that H1 is accepted Conclusion : Based on research, education does not affect the ability to recognize acute coronary syndrome. The education obtained will develop according to the increase in the work period and the frequent training that is obtained and practiced directly in real situations

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