scholarly journals The Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Climate Change in Kakamega Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem of Kakamega County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
John Ayieko Aseta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Characteristics

The main objective of this study was to establish the spatial and temporal characteristics of climate change in the Kakamega Tropical Rainforest. This study was descriptive and cross-sectional in design and relied on a mixed methods methodology. Anthropogenic Global Warming Theory and Adaptive Management Theory were used to guide the study. A conceptual framework showing the interrelationship between the dependent and independent variables was outlined. The study utilized both secondary and primary data. The target population was 200 households living up to 10 km from the forest edge in the selected communities neighbouring Kakamega Tropical Rainforest and 20 government officials within Kakamega County. A total of 119 members of the households and 20 forest officers were sampled as respondents in the study. The study findings revealed that the spatial and temporal characteristics of climate change were very extreme temperatures and precipitation (the results revealed that temperature is increasing by 0.04 °C per annum while rainfall amounts have dropped by 150 mm for the past fifty-three years in the region). The study recommended that there is a need to conserve the forest to get rid of extreme temperatures and precipitation since it was a source of many services to the surrounding communities and that the forest ecosystem also helped to adapt or mitigate climate change among others.  

Assessment of knowledge about oral cancer: study with students of public education

RSBO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Rabaldo Bottan ◽  
Iara Fiorentin Comunello ◽  
Constanza Marín ◽  
Eduardo Mazzetti Subtil
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
First Year ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introduction and Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge about oral cancer of students attending public school in one city of Santa Catarina (Brasil). Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, using primary data collection. Students of last year of elementary school and first year of high school, enrolled in public schools in the city of Itajaí (SC), in 2012, were the target population. The non-probability sample was obtained by convenience. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire structured with 13 questions divided into three fields. The level of knowledge was made based on pre-established scores. Results: 1149 instruments were analyzed (80.8% of the target population). The average age of the group was 15.5 years and 54.5% were female. The majority (78%) never had received information about oral cancer. Only 27.9% had cognizance about self-examination of the oral cavity. With regard to knowledge, 87.5% classified as unsatisfactory. For most issues the cognitive field did not identify a significant correlation between knowledge and the variables gender and education. When asked if they would like to participate in educational and preventive activitiesabout oral cancer and other issues related to health, 72.6% expressed interest. Conclusion: The group did not have adequate knowledge on the subject of oral cancer. Facing this reality, and the positive attitude of respondents, the researchers designed and offered an educational program to the research subjects.

scholarly journals Effect of climate change in paddy production and adaptation strategies in Tharu communities of Dang district, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Pradip Raj Poudel ◽  
Narayan Raj Joshi ◽  
Shanta Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Rainfall

A study on effects of climate change on rice (Oryza sativa) production in Tharu communities of Dang district of Nepal was conducted in 2018A.D to investigate the perception and major adaptation strategies followed by Tharu farmers. The study areas were selected purposively. Cross-sectional data was collected using a household survey of 120 households by applying simple random sampling technique with lottery method for sample selection. Primary data were collected using semi-structured and pretested interview schedule, focus group discussion and key informants interview whereas monthly and annual time series data on temperature and precipitation over 21years (1996-2016) were collected from Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Kathmandu as secondary data. Descriptive statistics and trend analysis were used to analyze the data. The ratio of male and female was found to be equal with higher literacy rate at study area than district. Most of the farmers depended on agriculture only for their livelihood where there was large variation in land distribution. Farmers had better access to FM/radio for agricultural extension information sources. The study resulted that Tharu farmers of Dang perceived all parameters of climate. Temperature and rainfall were the most changing component of climate perceived by farmers. The trend analysis of temperature data of Dang over 21 years showed that maximum, minimum and average temperature were increasing at the rate of 0.031°C, 0.021°C and 0.072°C per year respectively which supports the farmers perception whereas trend of rainfall was decreased with 7.56mm per year. The yearly maximum rainfall amount was increased by 1.15mm. The production of local indigenous rice varieties were decreasing while hybrid and improved rice varieties were increasing. The district rice production trend was increasing which support the farmer’s perception. The study revealed that there were climate change effects on paddy production and using various adaptation strategies to cope in Dang district.

scholarly journals Implementation of Strategic Plans on Oil Distributors: A Study on Selected Oil Companies in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Yussuf Dahir Awale ◽  
Gregory Namusonge ◽  
Kule Julius Warren
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Strategic Plans

The essence of strategy is to attempt to relate the organization to the changes in the environment. For any organization, strategy helps in interrogating the long term plans and ensuring that there is harmony between the vision, mission, objectives, core values, activities and its environment. Strategy formulation and implementation are core management functions. The developed strategy may be good but if its implementation is poor the intended strategic objectives may not be achieved. To ensure survival and success, firms do not only need to formulate strategies that seek to constantly maintain a match between the organization and its environment but also must ensure appropriate execution of strategy at all levels. Success therefore calls for proactive approach to business. The study aimed at identifying the determinants of strategy implementation plans on oil distributors in Kenya. Specifically, the study attempted to achieve the following objectives: to determine the effect of organizational structure; organizational culture; leadership; resource allocation and to establish the effect of communication on implementation of strategic plans on oil distributors in Kenya. The study was based on resource-based theory; dynamic capability theory and knowledge-based view theory. The study adopted a survey design that had used cross-sectional survey approach to collect data. The population of the study comprised of 14 oil distributors in Kenya based in Nairobi County. The target respondents comprised of 64 business owners and 136 managers therefore comprising of a target population of 200 respondents. A sample size of 60 respondents was selected for the study. Primary data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires. Data was coded in SPSS and Excel software for analysis where the tables of frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviation was extracted for presentation of data. Inferential statistics was done to establish the relationship between the implementation of strategic plans and the five independent variables. The outcome of the study was to establish whether organizational structure; organizational culture; leadership; resource allocation and corporate communication affect the implementation of strategic plans in the oil distributors sector in Nairobi County. The research recommends that for oil distributors to improve on the implementation of strategic plans they need to enhance of teamwork, accountability, transparency and communication.  

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FOOD ADEQUACY ON ENROLMENT IN ECE CENTRES IN TURKANA CENTRAL SUB COUNTY, TURKANA COUNTY, KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Locha Erukudi ◽  
Paul Edabu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Teachers ◽  
Influence Of Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Egalitarian Theory

Purpose: This study sought to establish the influence of SFP on children enrolment in early childhood education centers in Turkana Central Sub-County, Kenya. Specific objective was to establish the influence of food adequacy on enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. Methodology: The study was based on Maslow hierarchy of needs, the program theory and liberal egalitarian theory. The study used a mixed research method. The study adopted the cross-sectional research design. The target population was 250 schools, 78 teachers and head teachers and 5,000 parents in pre-schools in Turkana Central Sub County. The study used purposive sampling to select respondents. The sample size of the study was 150 schools, 60 teachers and head teachers and 357 parents. Primary data was gathered by use of questionnaires and interviews guides. Secondary data consisted of report forms of pre-schoolers. Quantitative information was analyzed using descriptive statistics which was computed using SPSS version 21. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. Multiple regressions were done to analyze the influence of SFPs on children enrolment in ECDE centres in Turkana Central Sub County. Findings: The study found that food adequacy significantly and positively relate with children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. Food adequacy had statistically significant effect of school enrolment in ECD (β = 0.415, P = 0.005). It implies that food adequacy significantly and positively relate with children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. This implies that increasing food adequacy will lead to increase in children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study therefore recommends the government to increase food supply to ensure adequacy. There is need to continue supply of balanced diet to children because it improves their growth and learning. Some of the children are from very poor families and during school holidays they suffer because of lack of food; the study therefore recommends orphans, poor and disabled to be fed even during holidays.

INFLUENCE OF SUPPLIER COMPETENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wangu Wachiuri ◽  
Dr. Esther Waiganjo ◽  
Dr. Noor Ismail ◽  
Prof. Romanus Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
The One

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of supplier competence on the performance of state corporations in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population was all the 187 state corporations in Kenya. The study employed a census approach. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. A pilot study was conducted to measure the research instruments reliability and validity. Descriptive statistics were used aided by Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 24 to compute percentages of respondents’ answers. Inferential statistics using linear regression and correlation analysis were applied to assist examining relationship between the research variables. The results were presented using tables and graphs.Results: The findings revealed that supplier competence explained 44.1 % of the total variations in performance of state corporations in Kenya. Further, the results indicated that the overall model was statistically significant as supported by a p value of 0.000. This was supported by an F statistic of 111.904 and the reported p value (0.000) which was less than the conventional probability of 0.05 significance level. In addition, the findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between supplier competence and performance of state corporations in Kenya as supported by a p value of 0.000 and a beta coefficient of (0.903). This implies that an increase in supplier competence by 1 unit would increase the performance of state corporations by 0.903units.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:  Based on the findings, the study recommended that suppliers should develop competent technical abilities so as to provide high quality products or services. Some of the technical dimensions that suppliers should develop competence in include; compliance with quantity, compliance with due date, compliance with packaging standard, production planning systems of suppliers, and maintenance activities of suppliers, plant layout and material. It’s also recommended that state corporations in Kenya should check frequently if supplier organisation is abreast with the newer information technology developments as technology is very dynamic and changes regularly as the technology that was used in the past is not the one we using now and it will not be the one we will use tomorrow.

scholarly journals Influence of the Balanced Diet on Enrolment in ECE Centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Turkana County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-160
Author(s):  
Locha Erukudi ◽  
Paul Edabu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Government

School Feeding Programmes (SFP) were created for the purpose of eradicating hunger, supporting education, health and development. Although SFP is offered in Kenya, approximately 55% of children in do not go to school. According to CBS, roughly 50% of ECDE children do not attend school in Turkana Central Constituency. Therefore, the introduction of SFP in schools was envisioned to improve enrolment in schools. This study sought to establish the influence of SFP on children enrolment in early childhood education centres in Turkana Central Sub-County, Kenya. The specific objective was to determine the influence of the balanced diet on student enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County, Kenya. The study was based on program. The study used a mixed research method. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The target population was 250 schools, 78 teachers and headteachers and 5,000 parents in pre-schools in Turkana Central Sub County. The study used purposive sampling to select respondents. The sample size of the study was 150 schools, 60 teachers and headteachers and 357 parents. Primary data was gathered by the use of questionnaires and interview guides. Secondary data consisted of report forms of pre-schoolers. Quantitative information was analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. Multiple regression was done to analyse the influence of SFPs on children enrolment in ECDE centres the county. The study found that a balanced diet positively relates to children enrolment in ECE centres in Turkana Central Sub County. The study therefore recommends the government to increase food supply to ensure adequacy. There is a need to continue the supply of balanced diet to children because it improves their growth and learning. Some of the children are from very poor families and during school holidays they suffer because of lack of food; the study, therefore, recommends orphans, poor and disabled to be fed even during holidays.

scholarly journals Gender Differentials in Climate Change Perception in the Kaligandaki Basin, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rishikesh Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Change Perception ◽  
Climate Change Perception ◽  
Household Heads

Men and women variably perceive climate change, as the literature suggests that women perceive a higher level of changes compared to men. This study investigated differentials in climate change perception among Nepal's men and women, using a river basin level primary data. Data were collected from 360 household heads of three spatial clusters – Meghauli (153), Lumle (141), and Upper-Mustang (66), located at different ecological zones of the Kaligandaki Basin. Out of the total respondents, 106 were women. Perceptions on 11 weather-related elements were asked to the respondents to level the perceived change in the unipolar Likert Scale. Such information was supplemented through 75 Key Informants (KIs), 24 Focused Group Discussions (FGDs), and Historical Timeline Calendars from nine locations. Findings suggest that differences in climate change perception exist between women and men, and women in particular generally felt a higher level of change. However, the findings are not strongly supported by both statistical tests i.e. test of mean differences (the independent sample t-test) between the responses of men and women, and the test of association (chi-square) between the gender of respondents and the type of responses they have chosen. The findings indicate that both men and women perceive the change if it was easily noticeable. Therefore, a critical understanding of the association of other socio-economic and ecological factors on the construction of perception to climate change would be necessary to form a successful climate change adaptation policy. Furthermore, since the findings are based on an exploratory and cross-sectional study, further investigation with rigorous approaches is required to draw more concrete conclusions.

scholarly journals Influence of Motivational Strategies on Employee Performance in Public University Campuses in Kericho County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bett Cheruiyot ◽  
Martin Onsiro
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Public University ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Motivational Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Executive Staff

This study analyzed the influence of motivational strategies on employee performance in public university campuses in Kericho County, Kenya. It was apparent that various motivational strategies played key roles in shaping the performances of employees in any organization. Despite this fact, most organizations had not been able to pin-point the crucial motivational strategies and the extent to which they affected the individual employee performance. The study was motivated by the need to fill up the academic gap on the influence of motivational strategies on employee performance in public university campuses. Cross-sectional survey design was adopted when collecting data. The study targeted a population of 412 teaching and executive staff in public university campuses in Kericho County. A sample of 106 respondents representing 26% of the target population was selected. Stratified random sampling was utilized in selecting the respondents for the study. Primary data was collected from the study respondents using questionnaire. A pilot study was conducted on data collection instrument to pre-test its validity before the main survey, while data reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data was presented through tables, charts and graphs. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 was used to aid in coding, entry and analysis of quantitative data. Finally, there is conclusion and recommendation based on the findings.

scholarly journals IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INDUCED COPING AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ON SEAWEED PRODUCTION IN TANZANIA: A CASE OF JAMBIANI VILLAGE, UNGUJA ISLAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 47-66
Author(s):  
Mohamed M.S Rijja ◽  
Amelia S. Buriyo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Seaweed Production ◽  
First Time

Climate change remains to be the biggest challenge of 21st century threatening to negatively impacts seaweed production levels in Tanzania. Seaweed farmers have coped and adapted to the impacts of the changes for several years but the implication of their efforts measured by the level of seaweed production is still not documented. The study investigated implications of various coping and adaptation strategies employed by farmers on seaweed production. A cross sectional study was adopted to collection information’s September-November, 2016. Primary data collection tools includes Questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion from 100 seaweed farmers and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency and variation, and liner regression model at 5% confidence level. The results indicated that, seaweed farmers continued to employ documented and have recently developed new undocumented coping and adaptation strategies, documented for the first time by this study which include, setting seaweed plot in partially drilled area and tying of big sized seedling as well as planting plenty of seaweeds during cooler months. Nevertheless, production level declined from 80 to 130 sacks per harvest before notable environmental changes to 20 sacks per harvest in a situation of weather and climate changes. It was shown that only planting plenty of seaweeds during cooler months slightly improved seaweed production and others, none at all. The study recommends initiation of ceased extension services to offer technical education and services to seaweed farmers on the best ways to integrate available coping and adaptation strategies on seaweed production as well as developing the best alternative coping and adaptation strategies.

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