Management of Toxic Packaging Waste Related to Environmental Protection in Iasi and Neamt Counties

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058-1062
Author(s):  
Carmen Luiza Costuleanu ◽  
Gabriela Boldureanu ◽  
Gabriela Gladiola Andruseac
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Selective Collection

The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare the toxic packaging waste generation in two urban areas of Iasi (A) and Piatra Neamt (B) counties, in a close relationship with the management of removal and processing. Piatra Neamt was chosen because it is known to have a developed infrastructure for selective sorting and collection of municipal solid waste since 2001, implemented using European funds. On the other part, the center of Iasi city was chosen because the selective sorting of municipal solid waste was really implemented only in this area. There exist no significant differences between the generated total waste amounts in A and B studied areas. The same time, no significant differences between the generated packaging waste average quantities in A and B areas were found. The clear result of this study is that the generated packaging waste represents 32.62% as average when compared to generated total waste in area A and 37.15% in area B. When comparing the fractions of generated total waste in the two areas of study the results are really surprisingly. Since it is well known that Piatra Neamt developed the first integrated system of selective collection of household waste, totally functional starting with 2001. When we are comparing the fractions of generated total waste, the results are not significantly different in the two areas. For sure, there are higher rates for selective collection and sorting of paper/cardboard, plastics, glass and organic waste in area B, but not really significant. Such results could be explained solely by the existence of a similar degree of education and commitment regarding the environmental protection in both studied areas. Moreover, we tried to have an estimation of the management effort of local authorities to remove the generated total waste or its selective fractions from the two studied areas. This was a very difficult challenge. For the moment, our conclusions are that for both cities the management efforts are almost the same, despite the selective sorting and collection of some fractions of generated total waste in area B (Piatra Neamt). The simple conclusion could be that the management efforts of removal are lower in Iasi city starting from the efficiency of the processes.

scholarly journals The Cost-estimation of Mechanical Pre-treatment Lines of Municipal Solid Waste in Latvia

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dace Āriņa ◽  
Kaspars Kļavenieks ◽  
Juris Burlakovs
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Treatment Equipment ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Production of refuse derived fuel from municipal solid waste in future shall play a strategic role in an integrated waste management system. The amount of landfilled biodegradable materials thus will be diminished according to provisions of the 1999 Waste Landfill Directive. The aim of this article is to evaluate cost effectiveness based on cost evaluation of the different complication of the waste pre-treatment equipment complectation and based on regenerable waste quantities in Latvia. The comparison of cost estimates is done in 3 scenarios considering potential waste quantities in Latvia: Scenario I - planned annual waste quantity is 20 kT; Scenario II - 40 kT and Scenario III - 160 kT. An increase in amount of waste and processing capacity means the decrease in costs of mechanical pre-treatment of 1 ton of waste. Thus, costs of mechanical sorting line under different scenarios with capacities of 10 t h-1, 20 t h-1 and 80 t h-1 are EUR 32 per t, EUR 24 per t and EUR 15 per t, respectively. Most feasible cost for a set of mechanical pre-treatment equipment for the capacity of 10 t h-1 is EUR 32 per t by using rotating drum screener with the following manual sorting. Mechanical pre-treatment equipment of unsorted municipal waste is economically nonbeneficial, when the use of fine (biologically degradable) fraction is not possible. As the sorting of biodegradable kitchen waste is not developed under the current waste management system in Latvia, the lines for mechanical pre-treatment of household waste would be better to install in landfills.

Municipal solid waste characterization and household waste behaviors in a megacity in the northwest of Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 4863-4872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh. Zoroufchi Benis ◽  
A. Safaiyan ◽  
D. Farajzadeh ◽  
F. Khalili Nadji ◽  
M. Shakerkhatibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Characterization ◽  
Northwest Of Iran

scholarly journals Low-Cost Strategies to Improve Municipal Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Nepal

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Nepal ◽  
Apsara Karki Nepal ◽  
Madan S. Khadayat ◽  
Rajesh K. Rai ◽  
Priya Shyamsundar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Waste Segregation

AbstractMany cities in developing countries lack adequate drainage and waste management infrastructure. Consequently, city residents face economic and health impacts from flooding and waterlogging, which are aggravated by solid waste infiltrating and blocking drains. City governments have recourse to two strategies to address these problems: a) ‘hard’ infrastructure-related interventions through investment in the expansion of drainage and waste transportation networks; and/or, b) ‘soft’, low-cost behavioural interventions that encourage city residents to change waste disposal practices. This research examines whether behavioural interventions, such as information and awareness raising alongside provision of inexpensive street waste bins, can improve waste management in the city. We undertook a cluster randomized controlled trial study in Bharatpur, Nepal, where one group of households was treated with a soft, low-cost intervention (information and street waste bins) while the control group of households did not receive the intervention. We econometrically compared baseline indicators – perceived neighbourhood cleanliness, household waste disposal methods, and at-source waste segregation – from a pre-intervention survey with data from two rounds of post-intervention surveys. Results from analysing household panel data indicate that the intervention increased neighbourhood cleanliness and motivated the treated households to dispose their waste properly through waste collectors. The intervention, however, did not increase household waste segregation at source, which is possibly because of municipal waste collectors mixing segregated and non-segregated waste during collection. At-source segregation, a pre-requisite for efficiently managing municipal solid waste, may improve if municipalities arrange to collect and manage degradable and non-degradable waste separately.

Management of aluminium packaging waste in selected European countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Warrings ◽  
J Fellner
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Packaging Waste

By the end of 2025, a minimum of 50% of aluminium packaging waste has to be recycled within the Member States of the European Union. Aluminium packaging can be recovered through different systems (separate collection, deposit refund systems, informal collection, treatment of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash or mechanical treatment of mixed municipal solid waste). The present article analysed if the agreed targets for the recycling and reuse of aluminium packaging are reasonable and realistic. To this end, the management of aluminium packaging in 16 selected European countries, yielding results for 11 countries, were investigated. The results show that six out of 11 countries recycle at least two-thirds of the aluminium packaging from MSW and only two report very low recycling rates of 20%. The overall recycling rate reported by the different countries cannot be directly linked to the system of recovery. Only the assertion that a deposit refund system together with selective collection leads to a higher overall collection rate seems permissible. This does not necessarily lead to a higher recycling rate as other countries with similarly high recycling rates make up for it with high amounts of aluminium recovered from bottom ash treatment. A direct comparison of the recycling rates within the European Union Member States, however, is problematic for several reasons, such as data that are often differently or incorrectly assigned, incomplete or rely on estimations and assumptions. The authors therefore propose a clearer assignment of the corresponding data and more extensive mandatory reporting on losses and shares of non-packaging, imported and exported waste.

Hybrid model for the prediction of municipal solid waste generation in Hangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 781-792
Author(s):  
Zhenying Zhang ◽  
Yuxiang Zhang ◽  
Dazhi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Population Total ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual

Accurate prediction of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation is necessary for choosing appropriate waste treatment methods and for planning the distribution of disposal facilities. In this study, a hybrid model was established to forecast MSW generation through the combination of the ridge regression and GM(1,N) models. The hybrid model is multivariate and involves total urban population, total retail sales of social consumer goods, per capita consumption expenditure of urban areas, tourism, and college graduation. Compared with the constituent models alone, the hybrid model yields higher accuracy, with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of only 2.59%. Through weight allocation and optimal treatment of residuals, the hybrid model also balances the growth trends of the individual models, making the prediction curve smoother. The model coefficients and correlation analysis show that population, economics, and educational factors are influential for waste generation. MSW output in Hangzhou will gradually increase in the future, and is expected to reach 5.12 million tons in 2021. Results can help decision makers to develop the measures and policies of waste management in the future.

scholarly journals High-temperature processing of municipal solid waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Olga Barysheva ◽  
Yuri Khabibullin ◽  
Aida Mukhametzianova
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Temperature Processing

At present, processing and recycling of municipal solid waste (MSW) has become more relevant in our country and the world at large. This problem concerns large towns and cities, where every year millions of tons of all kinds of fractions of household waste are produced. Disposal or recycling of solid waste is an environmental issue, but it is associated with the solution of complex technical, energy and economic challenges. The purpose of this study is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of modern methods of processing and disposal of MSW with the prospect of developing and creating a device for recycling MSW taking into account modern approaches to energy saving and environmental protection. The main results of the study are to create a simple, reliable and technically sound method of MSW disposal to obtain additional energy. The significance of the results obtained for the construction industry is the design of a device for the disposal of solid waste with the production of solid combustion products and further their use as building materials and products for various purposes. Because of the technological process of MSW processing, it becomes possible to generate some returns through use of resulting thermal energy for electricity production.

scholarly journals Determinants of Household Waste Segregation in Gorkha Municipality, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Level Of Significance

Municipal solid waste management is a huge challenge specially in the developing countries. The first and fundamental step to solve the problem of municipal solid waste management is by waste segregation at source and separate collection of waste, which will help to recover recyclable materials and reduce the amount of waste that needs to be disposed at the dumpsite or landfill site. In Nepal, waste segregation at source is mandated by law but the government is not able to implement it successfully. This paper assesses the willingness of the households to practice waste segregation in future if the government enforces the law and various factors that influences the practice. Data was collected from 401 households which was selected using stratified sampling technique from all the municipal wards, the lowest administrative units in Nepal. The finding shows that about 67% of the respondents are willing to segregate waste in future if the government enforces the law. Logit regression model was employed to identify the factors that influence waste segregation practice. The significant variables found from this study are environmental awareness, waste collection service, willingness to pay, make compost, and segregated waste for a week variables, which are statistically significant at 1% level of significance. Income variable is significant at 5% level of significance and gender variable is significant at 10% level of significance. It is recommended that the concerned stakeholders should educate the households on the importance of waste segregation and consider these traits of households before enforcing the law.

scholarly journals Deploying Municipal Solid Waste Management 3R-WTE Framework in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5711
Author(s):  
Laith A. Hadidi ◽  
Ahmed Ghaithan ◽  
Awsan Mohammed ◽  
Khalaf Al-Ofi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Residential Camp

The need for resilience and an agile waste management system in Saudi Arabia is vital to control safely the rapid growth of its municipal solid waste (MSW) with minimal environment toll. Similarly, the domestic energy production in Saudi Arabia is thriving and putting a tremendous pressure on its huge reserves of fossil oil. Waste to energy (WTE) plants provides a golden opportunity for Saudi Arabia; however, both challenges (MSW mitigation and energy production) are usually looked at in isolation. This paper at first explores the potential of expanding the WTE energy production in the eastern province in Saudi Arabia under two scenarios (complete mass burn with and without recycling). Secondly, this study analyzes the effect of 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) practices implementation in a residential camp (11,000 population) to influence the behavior of the camp’s citizens to reduce their average waste (kg/capita). The results of the 3R-WTE framework show a potential may reach 254 Megawatt (MW) of electricity by year 2030. The 3R system implementation in the camp reduced MSW production from 5,625 tons to 3000 tons of household waste every year, which is considered lower than what the surrounding communities to be produced in the same area.

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