Correlation of the Theoretical Study with the Experimental Determination of the Antibacterial Effect of Vaccinium myrtillus folium (VM-f) Plant Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 990-992
Author(s):  
Luciana Teodora Rotaru
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

The last century was marked by efforts to search for natural compounds with antibacterial therapeutic properties, due to the gradual reduction of the number of effective allopathic antibiotics and on the toxic effects of antibiotic residues in animal products. Medicinal plants are considered new resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We determined the polyphenolic composition of the tested plant extract by HPLC technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Vaccinum myrtillus folium (VM-f) ethanolic extract, using the diffusion method on nutritive agar (Kirby-Bauer). We compared the experimental results with the theoretical antibacterial activity calculated with AUTODOCK 4.2.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Leaves Extract of Artemisia sieberi and Calotropis procera

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Saleh H. Salmen ◽  
Nadiah Matluq Alkammash ◽  
Tahani Awad Alahmadi ◽  
Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Average Size

The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has increased recently leading to the need for novel, natural antibacterial agents such as plant-synthesized silver nanoparticles. Such synthesis is safe, cheap, rapid, non-toxic and environmentally friendly. In this study, characterization of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from extracts of A. sieberi and C. procera was carried out using transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Spherical nanoparticles with an average size was ~10 nm for A. sieberi and ~14 nm for C. procera were synthesised; synthesis was most effective using A. sieberi. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was carried out using the agar-diffusion method and by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, with silver nanoparticles extracts from A. sieberi being the most antibacterial.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Prismatomeris tetrandra K. Schum Root Extract against Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
On-Anong SOMSAP
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Antibiotic resistance bacteria has become an increasing problem now today due to many factors. This study investigates the efficacy of Prismatomeris tetrandra K. Schum root extract as a new source of antibacterial activity for antibiotic resistant bacteria using agar well diffusion method. The results showed that S. aureus TISTR517 exhibited more sensitivity to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract than other Gram-positive bacteria indicator strains. On the other hand, Gram-negative bacteria exhibited resistance to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract. The study further showed the activity between P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract and gentamycin (10 µg), it revealed that MRSA142 was resistant to gentamycin (10µg) but sensitive to P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was evaluated by using S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142 as indicator strains. The MIC value was 0.59 mg/mL and 1.17 mg/mL for S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142, respectively. MBC assay demonstrated that the MBC value was 9.75 mg/mL and 150 mg/mL for S. aureus TISTR517 and MRSA142 respectively. The mode of action was investigated with the presence of P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract in the culture broth. The action of P. tetrandra K. Schum root extract was revealed of bacteriostatic activity due to the Optical density (OD) at 600 nm and Colony-Forming Units (CFU) of indicator strains were continuously decreased.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of ginger extracts and its essential oil on some of pathogenic bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1159-1165
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria

The antimicrobial activity of ginger extracts ( cold-water, hot-water, ethanolic and essential oil ) against some of pathogenic bacteria ( Escherichia coli , Salmonella sp , Klebsiella sp , Serratia marcescens, Vibrio cholerae , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus sp) was investigated using Disc diffusion method , and the results were compared with the antimicrobial activity of 12 antibiotics on the same bacteria . The results showed that the ginger extracts were more effective on gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative . V. cholerae and S. marcescens,were the most resistant bacteria to the extracts used , while highest inhibition was noticed against Streptococcus sp (28 mm) . The ethanolic extract showed the broadest antibacterial activity ( 11 to 28 mm ) , in comparison with moderate activity of essential oil , it was observed that the cold-water extract was more effective on the bacteria than hot-water extract . Ginger ethanolic extract presented higher diameter of inhibition zone for Streptococcus sp than in Ciprofloxacin , Cefotaxime , Cefalotin , Cephalexin and Cephaloridine , also it was found a similarity between the higher inhibition zones of ethanolic extract of ginger and some antibiotics for S. aureus , E. coli , Salmonella sp and Klebsiella sp . V. cholerae and S. marcescens,also highly resistant to antibiotics . Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of ginger revealed the present of glycosides, terpenoids, flavonids and phenolic compounds

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts and essential oils against Brucella melitensis

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Mazen Safi ◽  
Ayman Al-Mariri
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Fluid Medium

Summary Medicinal plants are considered to be new resources for the production of agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of some plants native to Syria in the treatment of brucellosis. In vitro activities of some essential oils and plant extracts of some medicinal plants against 89 Brucella melitensis isolates was determined by disc diffusion method at a concentration of 5%. The microdilution assay in the fluid medium was used to determine the MICs of essential oils and plant extracts. Among the evaluated herbs, only Thymus syriacus and Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils and Laurus nobilis plant extract showed a high activity against B. melitensis strains. Thus, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC50) values for T. syriacus, C. zeylanicum, and L. nobilis against B. melitensis were 6.25, 3.125 and 6.25 μl/ml, respectively. Among studied essential oils and plant extracts, T. syriacus and C. zeylanicum essential oils, and L. nobilis plant extract were the most effective ones. Moreover, T. syriacus - C. zeylanicum combination was more effective than use of each of them alone. Then, T. syriacus and C. zeylanicum essential oils and L. nobilis plant extract could act as bactericidal agents against B. melitensis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from Platanus hybrida: Exploring Alternative Therapies for a Post-Antibiotic Era

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Jessica Ribeiro ◽  
Vanessa Silva ◽  
Alfredo Aires ◽  
Rosa Carvalho ◽  
Gilberto Igrejas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Multidrug-resistant bacteria are a significant threat to public health and new classes of antibiotics and approaches to treatment are needed. Several studies have shown that natural plant-derived compounds could be a promising mean to fight microbial resistance but only a few were conducted with antibiotic resistant bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to extract phenolic compounds from the leaves, fruits, and tree trunk of Platanus hybrida and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant bacterial strains. The polyphenolic compounds were extracted using a water/ethanol (20:80) mixture. Two grams of powder of each sample was extracted with 100 mL of solvent by stirring for 2h. The extracts were redissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to a final concentration of 100 mg/mL. An antimicrobial susceptibility assay was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method and was tested against ten different bacteria: Listeria monocytes, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The fruits had the highest antibacterial activity showing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10mg/mL, contrary to the tree trunk that showed the lowest antibacterial activity. None of the extracts showed antimicrobial properties against S. enteritidis, E. faecium and E. faecalis. These results show that P. hybrida’s phenolic compounds act as antibacterial agents, which may become useful therapeutic tools and represent a source for the development of novel antimicrobials. However, they were not effective against all bacteria, which shows that polyphenols alone might not substitute antibiotics.

Antibacterial Properties of Chinese Herbal Medicines against Nosocomial Antibiotic Resistant Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Taiwan

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (06) ◽  
pp. 1047-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Shen Liu ◽  
Thau-Ming Cham ◽  
Cheng-Hong Yang ◽  
Hsueh-Wei Chang ◽  
Chia-Hong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Resistant Strains

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is well-recognized as a nosocomial pathogen, which exhibits inherent drug resistance. In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of 58 Chinese herbal medicines used in Taiwan were tested against 89 nosocomial antibiotic resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results gathered by the disc diffusion method showed that 26 out of the 58 herbal extracts exhibited antibacterial activity. Among the 26 herbal extracts, 10 extracts showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activities and were selected for further antibacterial property assay. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the active partition fractions ranged from 0.25 to 11.0 mg/L. The presence of flavonoid compounds in the active fractions of test herbal extracts was observed by the TLC-bioautography. The results from the time-kill assay revealed that most of the herbal extracts completely killed the test organisms within 4 hours. Exposure of the test strains to a sub-MIC level of the herbal extracts for 10 consecutive subcultures did not induce resistance to the active components. A combination of the active herbal fractions with antibiotics showed that one of the herbal medicines, the hexane fraction of Ramulus Cinnamomi, possessed a synergistic effect with tetracycline, gentamycin, and streptomycin. In conclusion, the tested Chinese medical herbs have the potential to be developed into natural antibiotics. This is the first evaluation for screening large amounts of medical plants against nosocomial antibiotic resistant bacteria in Taiwan.

scholarly journals New Hybrid Copper Nanoparticles/Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Composite with Antibacterial Activity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Ignacio A. Jessop ◽  
Yasmín P. Pérez ◽  
Andrea Jachura ◽  
Hipólito Nuñez ◽  
Cesar Saldías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Conjugated Polyelectrolyte

In the search for new materials to fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a hybrid composite from metallic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and a novel cationic π-conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The CuNPs were prepared by chemical reduction in the presence of CPE, which acts as a stabilizing agent. Spectroscopic analysis and electron microscopy showed the distinctive band of the metallic CuNP surface plasmon and their random distribution on the CPE laminar surface, respectively. Theoretical calculations on CuNP/CPE deposits suggest that the interaction between both materials occurs through polyelectrolyte side chains, with a small contribution of its backbone electron density. The CuNP/CPE composite showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis) bacteria, mainly attributed to the CuNPs’ effect and, to a lesser extent, to the cationic CPE.

scholarly journals Detection of pathogenic bacteria associated with earphones used by students of Stamford University Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Omor Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Raihan Ahmed ◽  
Md Raihan Dipu ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The use of earphones has increased in recent times throughout the world especially among the different level of students such as school, college or university who have a higher tendency of sharing these among them. Unlike airline headsets, headphones and stethoscope ear-pieces, ear phones are often shared by multiple users and can be a potential medium for transmission of pathogens, which can give rise to various ear related infections. The objective of this study was to detect the pathogenic bacteria from the ear-phones used by the students of Stamford University Bangladesh. A total of 16 ear-phone swabs were collected by sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were inoculated onto blood agar and incubated aerobically overnight at 37oC. Microscopic observation and standard biochemical tests were performed to confirm the identification of all the bacterial isolates. Six presumptively identified Staphylococcus spp. (38%) were tested against six different types of antibiotics following Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Isolates were found to be 84% resistant against Cotrimoxazole and demonstrated 100% sensitivity to Vancomycin and Ciprorofloxacin. The findings of this study suggest the users to disinfect their respective ear phones and not to exchange them as they may act as a potential source to transfer pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria among the ear phone users. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.10 (1) 2020: 1-4

scholarly journals Preparation of herbal formulation and it’s application on nanoparticles synthesis and antibacterial activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijan Sunar ◽  
Rajeshkumar S ◽  
Anitha Roy ◽  
Lakshmi T
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Important Progress

Copper nanoparticles makes important progress in the area of nanotechnology and nanomedicine due to their good optical, electrical and anti-fungal/bacterial application. It is prepared using some methods such as vacuum vapour deposition, microwave irradiation methods, chemical reduction and laser ablation. The chemical reduction method is simple, inexpensive and gives a liable control of geometrical nanoparticle characteristics like size and shape. 20 millimolar of 80 ml copper sulphate prepared using double distilled water. The plant extract is added with the metal solution and was made into 100 ml solution. The synthesised nanoparticles solution is preliminarily characterized by using UV- vis-spectroscopy, 3ml of the solution is taken in curette and scanned in double beam UV-vis- spectrophotometer from 300 nm to 700 nm wavelength. The agar well diffusion method is used. Different concentration of Cu NPs was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans (gram +), Enterococcus sp and Pseudomonas sp. The result reveals that Moringa Oleifera mediated with copper nanoparticles show effective antibacterial activity. CuNPs ex significantly higher activity with an increase in the zone of inhibition diameter. The plant extract is observed to be dark green, and the copper nanoparticles are seen to be in light greenish in colour. They can be used in toothpaste and oral medicines due to their antibacterial activity. Nanoparticles are expected to be used in future for the effective drug systems and immunity against diseases.

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