scholarly journals Proposal of a Methodology for the Estimation of Slope, Water Depth and Cross-sectional Area by Using the State Function, Ф (T): Testing With the Measurements Made by H. Fischer in M. Keck Channel Laboratory of Caltech University

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Carlos Peña-Guzmán ◽  
Alfredo Constain ◽  
Gina Peña-Olarte
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Thermodynamic Potential ◽  
Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
State Function ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional

A basic topic in river studies, whether in hydrodynamics or water quality, is the accurate estimation of both geomorphological and geometric characteristics in cross sections in streams or channels. Many measurements or methodologies that are within the state of the art, are not direct or easy by several aspects. For this reason, this article analyses the application of a state function, Ф (t), which, acting as a thermodynamic potential, allows the magnitudes of the cross sections, depth of the water sheet, slope and longitudinal dispersion coefficient to be obtained directly, using NaCl as a tracer. In order to apply and validate this new method properly, an experiment conducted in 1966 by H.B. Fischer in the W.M. Keck Laboratory of Caltech in USA was studied on two points of the canal. It found average differences of 0.016 m2 (with reference) in the area of the canal, 0.015 m of the height of the water sheet and an average difference of -0.00015 in the slope of the canal

scholarly journals Combination of Fetal Fraction Estimators Based on Fragment Lengths and Fragment Counts in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Gazdarica ◽  
Rastislav Hekel ◽  
Jaroslav Budis ◽  
Marcel Kucharik ◽  
Frantisek Duris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
The State ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Dna Fragments ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Genomic Locations ◽  
Fetal Fraction

The reliability of non-invasive prenatal testing is highly dependent on accurate estimation of fetal fraction. Several methods have been proposed up to date, utilizing different attributes of analyzed genomic material, for example length and genomic location of sequenced DNA fragments. These two sources of information are relatively unrelated, but so far, there have been no published attempts to combine them to get an improved predictor. We collected 2454 single euploid male fetus samples from women undergoing NIPT testing. Fetal fractions were calculated using several proposed predictors and the state-of-the-art SeqFF method. Predictions were compared with the reference Y-based method. We demonstrate that prediction based on length of sequenced DNA fragments may achieve nearly the same precision as the state-of-the-art methods based on their genomic locations. We also show that combination of several sample attributes leads to a predictor that has superior prediction accuracy over any single approach. Finally, appropriate weighting of samples in the training process may achieve higher accuracy for samples with low fetal fraction and so allow more reliability for subsequent testing for genomic aberrations. We propose several improvements in fetal fraction estimation with a special focus on the samples most prone to wrong conclusion.

Mean velocity and longitudinal dispersion of heavy particles in turbulent open-channel flow

1974 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mutlu Sumer
Keyword(s):  
Open Channel ◽  
Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Heavy Particle ◽  
Longitudinal Dispersion ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Fall Velocity ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

This paper deals with the motion of a heavy particle in a turbulent flow in an open channel with a smooth bottom. For the case when the particle stays in suspension in the main body of the flow almost all the time, (a) the probability density function of the projection on a cross-sectional plane of the particle position at any instant, and (b) the mean velocity and longitudinal dispersion coefficient of particles are determined analytically by employing the Eulerian formulation and applying the Aris moment transformations. It is found that the mean particle velocity decreases and the longitudinal dispersion coefficient of particles increases with the fall velocity.

Prediction of longitudinal dispersion coefficients in natural rivers using genetic algorithm

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Ranjan Sahay ◽  
Som Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Shear Velocity ◽  
Longitudinal Dispersion ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Natural Rivers

A new expression for the prediction of longitudinal dispersion coefficient in natural rivers, using genetic algorithms, is proposed. The expression uses hydraulic and geometric characteristics of rivers, which are readily available. For performance evaluation, using published field data, results of coefficient prediction by the new expression and by the other reported expressions are compared. According to various performance indices, it is concluded that the new formula predicts the longitudinal dispersion coefficient more accurately. Sensitive analysis performed on input parameters indicates the ratio of the cross-sectional mean velocity to the bottom shear velocity to be the most influencing parameter for accurate prediction of the longitudinal dispersion coefficient.

scholarly journals • Glories, hidden rainbows and nearside-farside interference effects in the angular scattering of the state-to-state H + HD → H2 + D reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengkui Xiahou ◽  
Jonathan N L Connor
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Differential Cross ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Differential Cross Sections ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Angular Scattering

Yuan et al. [Nature Chem., 2018, 10, 653] have reported state-of-the-art measurements of differential cross sections (DCSs) for the H + HD → H2 + D reaction, measuring for the...

EMI at Tertiary Level in Spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-256
Author(s):  
Francisco Zayas Martínez ◽  
José Luis Estrada Chichón
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Implementation ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
First Time

This chapter examines the state-of-the-art of EMI lecturing at Cadiz University, Spain. The rationale of the research lies in the lecturers' main challenges for issues related to the use of EFL and EMI methodologies. Data were collected from a questionnaire to which EMI lecturers responded (N=22; 69%) and from a focus group carried out with a cross-sectional sample of participants (N=6). The conclusion sheds light on the following: For the first time, Spanish universities have started to design language policies aimed at using English for lecturing, although the initial implementation shows diverse effects, depending on whether EMI teaching takes place in one scientific area or another. This panorama suggests an adaptation of EMI training. Secondly, lecturers are committed to EMI training not only for language but also for methodological issues. They also demand greater recognition for teaching courses in EFL. Potential solutions and recommendations are proposed.

scholarly journals IVUS Longitudinal and Axial Registration for Atherosclerosis Progression Evaluation

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513
Author(s):  
Nikos Tsiknakis ◽  
Constantinos Spanakis ◽  
Panagiota Tsompou ◽  
Georgia Karanasiou ◽  
Gianna Karanasiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Harmony Search ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
The State ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Alignment Error ◽  
Stent Deployment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration Method

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging offers accurate cross-sectional vessel information. To this end, registering temporal IVUS pullbacks acquired at two time points can assist the clinicians to accurately assess pathophysiological changes in the vessels, disease progression and the effect of the treatment intervention. In this paper, we present a novel two-stage registration framework for aligning pairs of longitudinal and axial IVUS pullbacks. Initially, we use a Dynamic Time Warping (DTW)-based algorithm to align the pullbacks in a temporal fashion. Subsequently, an intensity-based registration method, that utilizes a variant of the Harmony Search optimizer to register each matched pair of the pullbacks by maximizing their Mutual Information, is applied. The presented method is fully automated and only required two single global image-based measurements, unlike other methods that require extraction of morphology-based features. The data used includes 42 synthetically generated pullback pairs, achieving an alignment error of 0.1853 frames per pullback, a rotation error 0.93 and a translation error of 0.0161 mm. In addition, it was also tested on 11 baseline and follow-up, and 10 baseline and post-stent deployment real IVUS pullback pairs from two clinical centres, achieving an alignment error of 4.3±3.9 for the longitudinal registration, and a distance and a rotational error of 0.56±0.323 mm and 12.4±10.5, respectively, for the axial registration. Although the performance of the proposed method does not match that of the state-of-the-art, our method relies on computationally lighter steps for its computations, which is crucial in real-time applications. On the other hand, the proposed method performs even or better that the state-of-the-art when considering the axial registration. The results indicate that the proposed method can support clinical decision making and diagnosis based on sequential imaging examinations.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

Gender determination of caucasoid hair using image analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
T.B. Ball ◽  
W.M. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Morphological Differences

It has been demonstrated that cross sections of bundles of hair can be effectively studied using image analysis. These studies can help to elucidate morphological differences of hair from one region of the body to another. The purpose of the present investigation was to use image analysis to determine whether morphological differences could be demonstrated between male and female human Caucasian terminal scalp hair.Hair samples were taken from the back of the head from 18 caucasoid males and 13 caucasoid females (Figs. 1-2). Bundles of 50 hairs were processed for cross-sectional examination and then analyzed using Prism Image Analysis software on a Macintosh llci computer. Twenty morphological parameters of size and shape were evaluated for each hair cross-section. The size parameters evaluated were area, convex area, perimeter, convex perimeter, length, breadth, fiber length, width, equivalent diameter, and inscribed radius. The shape parameters considered were formfactor, roundness, convexity, solidity, compactness, aspect ratio, elongation, curl, and fractal dimension.

State-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging – Part 2

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Goerne ◽  
Abhishek Chaturvedi ◽  
Sasan Partovi ◽  
Prabhakar Rajiah
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Imaging

Abstract. Although pulmonary embolism is the most common abnormality of the pulmonary artery, there is a broad spectrum of other congenital and acquired pulmonary arterial abnormalities. Multiple imaging modalities are now available to evaluate these abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries. CT and MRI are the most commonly used cross-sectional imaging modalities that provide comprehensive information on several aspects of these abnormalities, including morphology, function, risk-stratification and therapy-monitoring. In this article, we review the role of state-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging in the evaluation of non-thromboembolic disorders of pulmonary artery.

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