scholarly journals The Impact of Terrorism on Capital Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 962-968
Author(s):  
Gualter Couto ◽  
Pedro Pimentel ◽  
Carina Roias ◽  
Rui Alexandre Castanho
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
European American ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Time Horizons ◽  
Stock Indices ◽  
Main Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This work aims to analyze the impact of terrorism on the countries' capital markets and in the transport industry. To this end, eight recent terrorist attacks in the European Union have been studied and compared to two older similar attacks in the same region. The stock indices used in this study relate to the country's main index where the attack occurred and the FTSE Euro 100, S&P 500, and Dow Jones Singapore indices, representing the European, American, and Asian markets respectively. The results of this work are relatively discrepant since it was not possible to identify concretely the pattern of a terrorist attack on the capital markets. However, when we look at both time horizons studied, the results point to a greater capacity for market recover over time on terrorism.

scholarly journals Effects of terrorist attacks on access to maternal healthcare services: a national longitudinal study in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e002879
Author(s):  
Thomas Druetz ◽  
Lalique Browne ◽  
Frank Bicaba ◽  
Matthew Ian Mitchell ◽  
Abel Bicaba
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Cesarean Sections ◽  
Maternal Healthcare ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionMost of the literature on terrorist attacks’ health impacts has focused on direct victims rather than on distal consequences in the overall population. There is limited knowledge on how terrorist attacks can be detrimental to access to healthcare services. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of terrorist attacks on the utilisation of maternal healthcare services by examining the case of Burkina Faso.MethodsThis longitudinal quasi-experimental study uses multiple interrupted time series analysis. Utilisation of healthcare services data was extracted from the National Health Information System in Burkina Faso. Data span the period of January 2013–December 2018 and include all public primary healthcare centres and district hospitals. Terrorist attack data were extracted from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data project. Negative binomial regression models were fitted with fixed effects to isolate the immediate and long-term effects of terrorist attacks on three outcomes (antenatal care visits, of facility deliveries and of cesarean sections).ResultsDuring the next month of an attack, the incidence of assisted deliveries in healthcare facilities is significantly reduced by 3.8% (95% CI 1.3 to 6.3). Multiple attacks have immediate effects more pronounced than single attacks. Longitudinal analysis show that the incremental number of terrorist attacks is associated with a decrease of the three outcomes. For every additional attack in a commune, the incidence of cesarean sections is reduced by 7.7% (95% CI 4.7 to 10.7) while, for assisted deliveries, it is reduced by 2.5% (95% CI 1.9 to 3.1) and, for antenatal care visits, by 1.8% (95% CI 1.2 to 2.5).ConclusionTerrorist attacks constitute a new barrier to access of maternal healthcare in Burkina Faso. The exponential increase in terrorist activities in West Africa is expected to have negative effects on maternal health in the entire region.

THE IMPACT OF TERRORISM ON TURKISH BANKS’ STOCKS AND CROSS-BANK VARIATION OF ABNORMAL RETURNS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050011
Author(s):  
EDA ORHUN
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Event Study ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Income Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of the recent terrorist attacks on the Turkish banking sector. Specifically, an event study analysis is executed to estimate the abnormal returns of banks’ stocks in Turkey. According to the results, negative and significant abnormal returns were observed on the event dates of terrorist attacks, those of which especially occurred at international points and touristic places. The study continues with a regression analysis that looks into the cross-bank variation of abnormal returns by using important bank characteristics as predictors. The regression analysis exhibits that banks with higher leverage and larger size are prone to getting more negatively affected by the terrorist attack. On the other hand, banks with higher liquidity and higher income level are likely to have less negative abnormal returns.

scholarly journals Effect of 7 July 2005 terrorist attacks in London on suicide in England and Wales

2009 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Salib ◽  
Mario Cortina-Borja
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Control Charts ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundA reduction in suicide in England and Wales has been reported after the attacks of 11 September 2001 in the USA. It may be plausible therefore to expect a much greater impact on suicide in the UK in response to the events of 7 July 2005, caused by the first suicide terrorist attack by Islamic extremists on British soil.AimsTo examine the effect of the 7 July 2005 terrorist attacks in London on suicide rates in England and Wales.MethodAnalysis of number of suicide (ICD–10 codes X60–X84) and undetermined injury deaths (ICD–10 codes Y10–Y34) reported in England and Wales in the 12 weeks before and after 7 July 2005. We used Shewhart Control Charts based on Poisson rates to explore adjusted daily and weekly suicide rates and rate differences with respect to 7 July 2005.ResultsA brief but significant reduction in daily suicide rate was observed a few days after the terrorist attack in London on 7 July 2005. Further reduction was also observed on the 21 July 2005, coinciding with the second wave of attacks. No similar reduction in suicide was seen during the same period in the previous 4 years. Poisson regression models with indicator variables for each day in July 2005 revealed a reduction of 40% of the expected daily rate for these 2 days only. We found no evidence of any longer-term effect on suicide.ConclusionsThe study findings are contrary to our expectation and only weakly support Durkheim's theory that periods of national threat lower the suicide rate through the impact on social cohesion. It is possible that previous experience of IRA terrorism in the UK may have limited the effect of the 7 July 2005 attacks on suicide in England and Wales. The shock value of suicide terrorism and its psychological potency appear to diminish over time as the tactic becomes overused.

scholarly journals Impact of Terrorism on Financial Markets: The Case of Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neşe Algan ◽  
Mehmet Balcılar ◽  
Harun Bal ◽  
Müge Manga
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
Stock Market Returns ◽  
Stock Indices ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of terrorism on the Turkish financial market using daily data from Jan 4, 1988 to May 24, 2016. In order to measure the impacts of terrorist attacks in Turkey we test for causality from terrorism index to returns and volatilities of 3 aggregate and 16 sector level stock indices using a recently developed nonparametric causality-in-test test of Balcilar et al. (2016). The results obtained indicate that there is no causality from terrorist activities to stock market returns (1st moment). However, we find significant causality at various quantiles from terrorist activates to volatility (2nd moment) of tourism, food and basic materials sectors.

scholarly journals The Impact of Brexit on the Environment: Exploring the Dynamics of a Complex Relationship

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Hilson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe departure of the United Kingdom (UK) from the European Union (EU) (often referred to as ‘Brexit’) is likely to have a significant impact on the environment. In this article I argue against seeing the traffic as all one way. While there was a temptation for the advocates of staying in the EU, in the context of referendum campaigning, to portray the UK as a laggard pressured into positive environmental performance by the EU as leader, the reality is that the UK has also strengthened the EU’s environmental policy in some areas and seen its own weakened in others. Influence in both directions has also varied over time. The article goes on to consider core ‘Leave’ arguments around sovereignty and ‘taking back control’, exploring the implications of these in the specific context of environmental governance. In discussing subsidiarity, it concludes that leaving the EU will not remove the need for pooling some sovereignty over environmental matters at the international level and, in the context of devolution, at the UK level.

scholarly journals The Impact of Terrorist Attacks on Foreign Exchange Rate: Case Study of Turkish Lira versus Pound Sterling

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Maitha ◽  
Jehar Mustofa ◽  
Ugur Gok
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Turkish Lira

In this study the impact of terrorist attacks on exchange rate is estimated. Particularly, the study focuses on Turkish terrorist attacks and its implication on Turkish lira versus pound sterling exchange rate. In order, to find the causal effect the study employed Autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) bound testing approach as an estimation technique. Accordingly, the analysis reveals that terrorist attack has a negative impact on the exchange rate in both short and long-run. However, the negative effect of terrorism tends to be small in both the short-run and long-run. More precisely, terrorist attack depreciates the exchange rate between Turkish lira and pound sterling by approximately 0.00072 in the next trading day. The long-term effect also shows that terrorist attack depreciates the exchange rate on average by 0.00212.

scholarly journals Terrorist Attacks & Presidential Approval Rating

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
September 11Th ◽  
Presidential Approval ◽  
Approval Ratings ◽  
Approval Rating ◽  
Presidential Approval Ratings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

After the attacks of September 11th the U.S. focused much of its foreign policy efforts on the War on Terror and prevention of another attack on U.S. soil. This paper will look at terrorist attacks dating back to 1970 in order to fully understand the impact of terrorist attacks on U.S. presidential approval ratings and the existence of the ‘rally around the flag’ effect during different administrations. Location, lethality, style, and political affiliation of the president will be variables focused on in a pre and post 9/11 context. This paper will give special consideration to 9/11, excluding the attacks in many cases, in order to view if there is a significant stable impact on approval ratings from terrorist attacks over time.

scholarly journals “Global Britain”: from Idea to Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Elena Khakhalkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
The European Union ◽  
British Foreign Policy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

The article explores a new British foreign policy agenda under the catchy slogan of “Global Britain”. Over time, the thesis of Global Britain has been viewed by the British leadership as a matrix for a new foreign policy. This slogan is still being filled with various conceptual elements and real political, trade and economic steps. The concept of Global Britain is analyzed through UK-US relations, the Commonwealth and cooperation with the EU in the period before and after Brexit. It is concluded that ideologically, Global Britain is not a set of fundamentally new ideas; rather, it is a reformatting with different accents of the previous foreign policy provisions (the well-known concept of the “Three Majestic Circles” by W. Churchill) and taking into account reducing its opportunities and leverage in the European Union and the European region as a whole and attempts to reorient the economy, trade and financial relations towards the dynamically developing countries of Asia and other regions. It is highlighted that the difficult and protracted negotiations on Britain‟s withdrawal from the EU and UK snap elections in 2019 slowed down the filling of the concept with real content. At present, the future of the British foreign policy largely depends on the course of the new US President, the UK-EU cooperation, and the impact of pandemic on British economy.

scholarly journals Quantitative Research on Global Terrorist Attacks and Terrorist Attack Classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Hu ◽  
Fujun Lai ◽  
Gufan Chen ◽  
Rongcheng Zou ◽  
Qingxiang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Terrorist Organization ◽  
Global Terrorism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Terrorism Database

Terrorist attacks are events which hinder the development of a region. Before the terrorist attacks, we need to conduct a graded evaluation of the terrorist attacks. After getting the level of terrorist attacks, we can fight terrorist organizations more effectively. This paper builds rating models for terrorist attacks, hidden or emerging terrorist organization classification discovery models, terrorist organization alliance network models and more, through quantitative research of the Global Terrorism Database, which solved the event classification. Through studying relevant literature and the variables of the Global Terrorism Database, this paper sorted out 25 observation variables related to the impact level (level of harm) of terrorist attacks. By establishing a mathematical model of factor analysis, 11 factors related to the impact level (level of harm) of terrorist attacks were constructed, and the variance of the contribution of each factor was used as the weight to calculate the comprehensive rate of the impact level of each terrorist attack. Finally, K-means clustering method is used to cluster and analyze the comprehensive rate of impact level, and the top 10 terrorist attacks with the highest impact level in the past two decades were obtained.

The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance: Israel, 1980 to 2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK PEFFLEY ◽  
MARC L. HUTCHISON ◽  
MICHAL SHAMIR
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Political Tolerance ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

How do persistent terrorist attacks influence political tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one's enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on political tolerance levels in Israel across a turbulent 30-year period, from 1980 to 2011, which allows us to distinguish the short-term impact of hundreds of terrorist attacks from the long-term influence of democratic longevity on political tolerance. We find that the corrosive influence of terrorism on political tolerance is much more powerful among Israelis who identify with the Right, who have also become much more sensitive to terrorism over time. We discuss the implications of our findings for other democracies under threat from terrorism.

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