scholarly journals The Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in the Polish Banking Sector – the Household Loans Portfolio

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Sławomir I. Bukowski ◽  
Aneta M. Kosztowniak
Keyword(s):  
Response Function ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Forecast Period ◽  
Lending Rates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Main Determinants

The study aims to identify changes in non-performing household loans (NPLs) and their main determinants in the Polish banking sector for the period 2009-2021. Specifically, we look at the main determinants of creditworthiness of households which determine the possibility of repayment of principal installments and interest within the prescribed period. The results of the VECM model confirm the considerable significance of GDP per capita, gross salaries and lending rates to NPL loans of households. The results of the response function show a positive impact of GDP per capita and lending rates on NPLs and a negative impact of real salaries on NPLs. The decomposition of variance in the forecast period confirms an increased level of explanation of NPL by GDP per capita, gross salaries, and the lending rates.

The impact of a country’s level of development on the nexus between bank lending structure and economic growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
I. N. Gurov ◽  
E. Y. Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to determine how the impact of the bank lending structure on economic growth differs depending on the level of a country’s development. The article provides suggestions on how much one can rely on the leading growth of corporate and consumer bank lending in order to promote economic growth. The study is based on the panel data for 211 countries for the period 1990—2019 using methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The authors have identified three groups of the countries where the impact of the bank lending structure on economic growth is different. In the least developed and low-income countries, the leading growth of both consumer and corporate lending has a positive impact on economic growth. As GDP per capita reaches 4,700—7,000 constant 2010 U.S. dollars, the outstripping growth of consumer lending begins to negatively affect economic growth, while corporate lending continues to have a positive impact. As GDP per capita continues to increase, corporate lending also begins to negatively affect economic growth. The GDP per capita threshold level, after which the negative impact of corporate lending begins, ranges from 6,000 to 42,000 constant 2010 U.S. dollars, some estimates allow us to specify these limits from 13,000 to 22,000 constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Such broad boundaries are determined by the fact that the role of the banking sector in investments financing may differ because of the financial sector model and the national economy structure. However, our results show that in the most developed and high-income countries, faster growth in corporate lending will not contribute to economic growth. The study also finds that the share of mortgage loans in GDP has a positive but insignificant effect on economic growth in all groups of the countries.

scholarly journals Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8559
Author(s):  
Zhiheng Chen ◽  
Yuting Ma ◽  
Junyi Hua ◽  
Yuanhong Wang ◽  
Hongpeng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Urbanization Rate

Both economic development level and environmental factors have significant impacts on life expectancy at birth (LE). This paper takes LE as the research object and selects nine economic and environmental indicators with various impacts on LE. Based on a dataset of economic and environmental indicators of 20 countries from 2004 to 2016, our research uses the Pearson Correlation Coefficient to evaluate the correlation coefficients between the indicators, and we use multiple regression models to measure the impact of each indicator on LE. Based on the results from models and calculations, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the influencing mechanisms of different indicators on LE in both developed and developing countries, with conclusions as follow: (1) GDP per capita and the percentage of forest area to land area have a positive impact on LE in developed countries; however, they have a negative impact on LE in developing countries. Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP and fertilizer consumption have a negative impact on LE in developed countries; however, they have a positive impact on LE in developing countries. Gini coefficient and average annual exposure to PM2.5 have no significant effect on LE in developed countries; however, they have a negative impact on LE in developing countries. Current healthcare expenditures per capita have a negative impact on LE in developed countries, and there is no significant impact on LE in developing countries. (2) The urbanization rate has a significant positive impact on LE in both developed countries and developing countries. Carbon dioxide emissions have a negative impact on LE in both developed and developing countries. (3) In developed countries, GDP per capita has the greatest positive impact on LE, while fertilizer consumption has the greatest negative impact on LE. In developing countries, the urbanization rate has the greatest positive impact on LE, while the Gini coefficient has the greatest negative impact on LE. To improve and prolong LE, it is suggested that countries should prioritize increasing GDP per capita and urbanization level. At the same time, countries should also work on reducing the Gini coefficient and formulating appropriate healthcare and education policies. On the other hand, countries should balance between economic development and environmental protection, putting the emphasis more on environmental protection, reducing environmental pollution, and improving the environment’s ability of self-purification.

scholarly journals Regional dynamics of economic performance in the EU: To what extent do spatial spillovers matter?

REGION ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selin Ozyurt ◽  
Stéphane Dees
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Spatial Spillovers ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Eu

This paper investigates the main determinants of economic perfor-mance in the EU from a regional perspective, covering 253 regions overthe period 2001-2008. In addition to the traditional determinants of eco-nomic performance, measured by GDP per capita, the analysis accountsfor spatial e¤ects related to externalities from neighbouring regions. Thespatial Durbin random-e¤ect panel speci…cation captures spatial feedbacke¤ects from the neighbours through spatially lagged dependent and inde-pendent variables. Social-economic environment and traditional determi-nants of GDP per capita (distance from innovation frontier, physical andhuman capital and innovation) are found to be signi…cant. Overall, our…ndings con…rm the signi…cance of spatial spillovers, as business invest-ment and human capital of neighbouring regions have a positive impact–both direct and indirect –on economic performance of a given region.

scholarly journals Foreign Investment, Government Expenditure, and Economic Growth in Malaysia

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Said ◽  
Zarinah Yusof ◽  
Saad Mohd Said ◽  
Ahmad Farid OSMAN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita

This study uses the ordinary least squares technique to examine the effect of foreign investment and government expenditure on the growth in GDP per capita in Malaysia over the period 1978-2005. The regression results showed that the growth of export and ratio of government expenditure to GDP are the driving forces in enhancing the economic growth in Malaysia. Foreign investment and previous year real income per capita growth depict positive impact, whereas population growth exerts a negative impact on economic growth.  

scholarly journals Impact of Socio-Economic Variables on Life Expectancy: An Empirical Study for 138 Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Mahmoud MOURAD
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

This study has examined the impact of mortality rate of children under five years of age (MORRATE), physicians (PMP), health expenditure per person (HEPP), access to electricity (AELEC) and GDP per capita on life expectancy at birth (LEB) for one hundred and thirty-eight countries taken as cross-sectional data. The MORRATE ranged from 2.4 to 160.2 (per 1,000 people), thus reflecting an inequality in LEB which fluctuates between 44.8 and 82.8. The PMP varies from 0.01 to 7.74, the HEPP between 16.92 and 8264 USD, the AELEC between 4.1% to 100% and finally the GDP per capita oscillates between 326.6 and 102,863 USD. The multiple linear regression model is estimated using the OLS method and several tests for heteroscedasticity are performed. The null hypothesis of homoscedasticity is rejected and therefore the Weighted Generalized Least Squares) WGLS) method is used to produce unbiased, efficient and consistent estimators. The results showed a negative impact of MORRATE on LEB. A single increase in the number of deceased children leads to a decrease of about 2.12 months in LEB. The HEPP has a positive impact on LEB, so if HEPP rises to 100 USD then the LEB rises by 33 days approximately. When introducing four binary variables characterizing the five continents, and taking Oceania as a reference, the life expectancy in an African country will be about 2.4 years less than the LEB reference. For the other continents, it seems that the values of LEB are very close.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
G. A Sri Oktaryani ◽  
I Nyoman Nugraha Ardana P ◽  
Iwan Kusuma Negara ◽  
Siti Sofiyah ◽  
I Gede Mandra
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Significant Direct Effect

This research examines the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on firm value by using profitability as intervening variable.  Profitability is proxied by Return On Asset (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE). This study used a quantitative approach and path analysis. The population consists of 35 firms that were listed in Banking sector of Indonesian Stock Exchange over period 2013 – 2015. There are 34 firms are choosen as samples which has published GCG composit index throughout observation years and has not done corporate action that could affect the stock price directly. The findings show that GCG has positive and significant direct effect on firm value. Furthermore, ROA has positive impact on firm value; meanwhile ROE has negative impact on firm value. The results also show that the better the implementation of GCG the higher the Return on Asset. Moreover, the indirect effect of GCG on firm value through profitability is not significant. Keywords: GCG, profitability, ROA, ROE, firm value.

scholarly journals Remittance Status and Contribution to GDP of Nepal

NCC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Migrant Laborers ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Per Capita

The research paper aims to analyze the status of remittance and its contribution to GDP of Nepal. The study has adopted the descriptive and analytical research design. The study is quantitative in nature. Most of the developing countries like Nepal depend on remittance as the major source of foreign currency earning. Remittance plays an important role in economic development of a country. Nepal has also long history of international labor migration about 200 years ago Nepali migrant laborers are contributing substantial amount as remittance inflows through legal channel which has positive impact on GDP, per-capita income, Capital formation, education etc. The volume of remittance is much more than the records because, migrants are using illegal ways due to ignorance and difficulty in receiving amount from legal ways.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengembangan Ekspor Pala, Lawang, dan Kapulaga Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Sri Hartoyo ◽  
Sri Mulatsih
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Economic Distance ◽  
Per Capita

Export is an important component in the economy. The higher export performance, the greater positive impact. From 2012 to 2016, Indonesia’s exports continued to decline, so Indonesia needs to boost its exports. One of the potential commodities to be developed is nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms. This study analyzed the competitiveness of nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms, as well as the factors aecting its exports. The methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and Gravity. The competitiveness analysis showed that the optimistic export markets were Pakistan, Germany, Italy, and USA. The potential export markets were Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, France, and Netherlands. Factors that affecting exports were GDP per capita, price, economic distance, and tariff. -------------------------------- Ekspor merupakan komponen penting dalam perekonomian. Semakin tinggi kinerja ekspor, semakin besar pula dampak positifnya. Sejak 2012 hingga 2016, ekspor Indonesia terus menurun sehingga Indonesia perlu meningkatkan kembali ekspornya. Salah satu komoditas yang potensial dikembangkan adalah pala, lawang, dan kapulaga. Penelitian ini menganalisis daya saing pala, lawang, dan kapulaga, serta faktor yang memengaruhi ekspornya. Metode yang digunakan adalah RCA, EPD, X-Model, dan Gravity. Hasil analisis daya saing menunjukkan bahwa pasar ekspor yang optimis adalah Pakistan, Jerman, Italia, dan Amerika Serikat. Pasar ekspor yang potensial adalah Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, Prancis, dan Belanda. Faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor adalah PDB per kapita, harga, jarak ekonomi, dan tarif.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengembangan Ekspor Cengkeh Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Sri Hartoyo ◽  
Sri Mulatsih
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Export Price ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Distance ◽  
Capita Export ◽  
Per Capita

Exports are an important component of the economy. The higher export performance, the greater positive impact on the economy. From 2012 to 2016, Indonesia's exports continue to decline, so Indonesia needs to boost its exports again. One of the potential commodities developed is cloves. This study analyzes the development of Indonesian clove exports by finding out the competitiveness of cloves, as well as factors affecting its exports. The methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and Gravity. The results of the analysis found that an optimistic market developed is Pakistan, Germany, Italy and United State of America. Potential markets to be developed are Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, France and Netherlands markets. Factors affecting Indonesian clove exports are GDP per capita, export price, economic distance and tariff. Keywords: Clove, EPD, Export, Gravity Model, RCA JEL Classification: C23, F10, F13

scholarly journals Internal Trade in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (158) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alvarez ◽  
Ivo Krznar ◽  
Trevor Tombe
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cooperative Solutions ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
Internal Trade

This paper assesses the costs of internal trade barriers and proposes policies to improve internal trade. Estimates suggest that complete liberalization of internal trade in goods can increase GDP per capita by about 4 percent and reallocate employment towards provinces that experience large productivity gains from trade. The positive impact highlights the need for federal, provincial and territorial governments to work together to reduce internal trade barriers. There is significant scope to build on the new Canadian Free Trade Agreement to more explicitly identify key trade restrictions, resolve differences, and agree on cooperative solutions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document