The Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in the Polish Banking Sector – the Household Loans Portfolio

The study aims to identify changes in non-performing household loans (NPLs) and their main determinants in the Polish banking sector for the period 2009-2021. Specifically, we look at the main determinants of creditworthiness of households which determine the possibility of repayment of principal installments and interest within the prescribed period. The results of the VECM model confirm the considerable significance of GDP per capita, gross salaries and lending rates to NPL loans of households. The results of the response function show a positive impact of GDP per capita and lending rates on NPLs and a negative impact of real salaries on NPLs. The decomposition of variance in the forecast period confirms an increased level of explanation of NPL by GDP per capita, gross salaries, and the lending rates.

The Role of Non-performing Loans for Bank Lending Rates

Based on bank level data from the euro area, I investigate the role of non-performing loans (NPLs) for lending rates on newly granted loans. The focus is on an effect caused by the stock of NPLs that extends beyond losses that banks have already incorporated into their reported capital positions. The paper assesses the channels through which such an effect occurs. The results indicate that a higher stock of NPLs is associated with higher lending rates. This relation is driven by net NPLs, which constitute the part of NPLs that is not covered by loan loss reserves. Although the stock of NPLs affects banks’ idiosyncratic funding costs as well, the latter do not seem to constitute an important link between the stock of net NPLs and lending behaviour. This is because the relation between idiosyncratic funding costs and lending rates turns out to be rather weak. Furthermore, NPLs do not strongly affect the banks’ interest rate pass-through.

The Relationship between Lending Rate and Nonperforming Loans in Commercial Banks: Evidence from Pakistan (2008-2014)

The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between lending rate and nonperforming loans in commercial banks of Pakistan. The study collects data on bank size and nonperforming loans from the annual reports of commercial banks and lending rates data was collected from the state bank of Pakistan statistical bulletins for the period of 2008-2014 and the data was analyzed through SPSS to examine the relationship between lending rate and nonperforming loans. The study used correlation and regression methods. The study found a significant positive relationship between lending rate and nonperforming loans in commercial banks of Pakistan

Analisis pengaruh tingkat suku bunga, kredit macet dan capital adequacy ratio (CAR) terhadap penyaluran kredit modal kerja Bank Umum di Indonesia

This study aims to determine and analyze interest rates on credit, bad credit, CAR, and lending to commercial banks in Indonesia. In addition, it is also to study the effect of lending rates, bad credit, and CAR on commercial bank lending in Indonesia in 2010-2018. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis tools. The results of this study indicate that the interest rate, bad credit, and CAR variables simultaneously influence lending. Partially the interest rate variable has a negative and significant effect on lending. The non-performing loan variable has a negative and significant impact on credit distribution. The variable CAR has a positive and significant impact on lending. Keywords: Landing, The Interest rate on loans, Bad loans, CAR

ASYMMETRIC TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY TO INTEREST RATES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

This study investigates monetary policy transmission to the interest rates in Indonesia, focusing on changes in pricing behavior that may have occurred after the shift of benchmark policy rates in August 19, 2016. We analyzed monthly data on money market, deposit, and lending rates from November 2011 to December 2019. Two specifications of the error correction model capture asymmetric adjustments. We find that the new policy rate regime has improved the response of money market rates. However, the rigidity of bank retail rates has increased. Specifically, lending rates have become more rigid upwards, as lenders have become more responsive to monetary easing than to monetary tightening.

Pengaruh Suku Bunga Kredit dan Risiko Kredit terhadap Return On Asset dengan Pendapatan Bunga sebagai Variabel Intervening

This study was conducted to examine the effect of lending rates, net performance loans, interest income on return on asset (ROA). The population in this study is a finance company listed on the Stock Exchange in 2015-2019. The sample was determined by a porposive sampling method – 65 samples. The data used are secondary data obtained from the IDX gallery. The hypothesis in this study was tested using path analysis to determine the direct and indirect effects of the independent variables used on the dependent variable. The results of this study indicate that partially lending rates have a significant influence on interest income, while credit risk which is proxied by Net Performance Loan (NPL) has no significant effect on Interest Income. Credit Interest Rates do not have an effect on Return On Assets (ROA), while Credit Risk which is proxied by Net Performance Loan (NPL) has a significant negative effect on Return On Assets (ROA) and Interest Income has a significant positive effect on Return On Asset (ROA). The indirect relationship between lending rates and credit risk with Return On Assets (ROA) by using interest income as an intervening get significant results.

THE MECHANISM OF DIVERSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL RISKS AND THEIR ASSESSMENT

The article discusses approaches to minimizing financial losses by diversifying financial risks, it is proposed to improve the mechanism for diversifying financial risks, which should consist of the following stages: 1) Formation by the financial and economic department of the subject (enterprise, bank, investment company, etc.) of the input data, depending on the type of activity, among which the most typical are: volumes and structure of credit resources, their price, borrowing terms, loan currency, volumes and structure of product exports and imports of goods, export and import currencies, duration of the production cycle, volumes and structure of securities portfolio, types of securities, profitability indicators, types and the level of expenses. 2) Determination of the types of financial risks faced by an economic entity, and its measurement for each type, as well as the level of losses suffered by an economic entity in previous periods, in order to assess the feasibility of diversifying financial risks. 3) Determination of the most effective diversification options for an economic entity by comparing the costs of implementing possible options and the resulting from diversification by reducing the level of risk. 4) Assessment of other options for minimizing losses from financial risks that the entity can apply and which can be grouped as follows: hedging risks, limiting and compensating risks. 5) Calculation of financial implications for an economic entity from the introduction of financial risk diversification To do this, it is necessary to compare the costs and the expected effect of diversification, that is, will the level of risk decrease, or what will be the maximum possible financial losses. Calculated on the basis of statistical data, the values of the coefficient of variation of deposit and lending rates, as well as the exchange rate of UAH to foreign currencies. A methodology for assessing the level of possible financial losses and the effectiveness of the process of diversifying financial risks is proposed. The introduction of a mechanism for diversifying financial risks will help reduce financial losses by economic entities, which in turn will improve the overall financial results of their activities.