scholarly journals Characterization and monetization of Mount Marsabit ecosystem watershed services, Marsabit County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jaldesa Bubicha ◽  
Francis Mwaura
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
County Government ◽  
Crater Lakes ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Watershed Services ◽  
Local Water

The study aimed at addressing Mount Marsabit ecosystem watershed service valuation information gap by: - a) analyzing the typology and mapping the spatial distribution of water supply points within the forest ecosystem, b) documenting types of water consumers and service beneficiaries and, c) undertaking monetary value estimation of the ecosystem watershed services in terms of the water supply market. The mapping of ecosystem water points involved a physical inventory of three target wards in Marsabit Sub-County, namely Marsabit Central, Sagante/Jaldesa, and Karare and recording of GPS locations and thereafter overlying the water sites on a map of the area using ArcGIS. The analysis of water consumers and valuation of the ecosystem watershed service was undertaken through the market price method (MPM) using existing secondary and primary data from relevant offices and from face-to-face interviews of 275 respondents. The findings showed that Marsabit forest ecosystem was supporting a total of 115 active water points which were dominated by shallow wells (68) followed by boreholes (21), water pans (14), springs (4), streams (6), and crater lakes (2). The overall pattern showed boreholes as the principal water access types (47.3%), followed by shallow wells (15.3%), springs (12%), water pans (8.7%), streams (2%), and crater lakes (0.7%).  The mountain ecosystem was found to be more hydrologically active on the eastern windward side within the 1300-1300m elevation belt. The overall value of the Mount Marsabit ecosystem watershed service was estimated at Ksh 58,285,026 ($582,035) per year. It is recommended that the Water Resources Authority (WRA), the Kenya Water Towers Agency (KWTA), and the County Government of Marsabit should collaborate with local communities and the local water vendors to initiate a payment for ecosystems services (PES) that will plough back some of the revenue generated from the water market towards conservation of Mount Marsabit Forest ecosystem.

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF NORMAL SEASON AND OFF-SEASON MUSKMELON CULTIVATION IN DISTRICT SIALKOT, PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD TAHIR LATIF, FALAK SHER, MUZZAMMIL HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Gross Income

A field survey was conducted during 2016 to estimate the profitability of normal season and off-season muskmelon cultivation in district Sialkot, Pakistan. The primary data was collected from forty farmers with convenience sampling method. Economic parameters like net return and BCR were employed. Off-season muskmelon cultivation was found economically feasible due to additions of yield (17%), gross income (122%), profit (161%) and market price (90%) in comparison to normal season crop. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate the off-season muskmelon (BCR 3.26) to obtain more profit and fulfill the customer demand in less supply period instead of normal season cultivation (BCR 2.44).

A 2050 Vision for Colorado's water supply future

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rowan ◽  
E. Hecox ◽  
S. Morea
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
The State ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Projects ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Local Water

The last decade has brought many changes to Colorado's water supply outlook. Despite the recent economic recession, the state has experienced significant population growth, and Colorado's population is expected to nearly double within the next 40 years. Other pressures on Colorado's water supply include severe drought, a desire to meet multiple needs (i.e., municipal, environmental, recreational) with existing resources, and impacts to agriculture due to water shortages, urbanization, and transfers to new users. To address these challenges, the Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) has undertaken a visioning process to explore solutions to these future water supply challenges. As part of this process, CWCB has led the state in identifying demand and supply strategies to meet the state's future water needs while considering agriculture and the environment. These strategies have been combined into varying portfolios that include methods such as conservation, local water projects, new Colorado River development, and agricultural transfers. This paper details the development and evaluation of these portfolios and describes stakeholder's efforts to balance meeting Colorado's water needs in the future.

A retrospective assessment of water reclamation projects

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Mills ◽  
Takashi Asano
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Control Board ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
State Water ◽  
Local Water

Stimulated by droughts and inability to construct new freshwater projects, water suppliers in California, U.S.A. have taken a heightened interest in water reclamation in the last decade. Since 1980 the California State Water Resources Control Board has approved financial assistance to local water supply agencies to design and construct water reclamation facilities. Nineteen of these are now operating. There is an opportunity to assess how well projects are performing in relation to their planned objectives, in particular, deliveries of reclaimed water to users. Based on reports on many of these projects, it is found that two-thirds of the projects are delivering 75 percent or less of the expected amounts of water. Data are provided on project performance. A discussion is provided of the problems encountered on many of the projects that account for these deficiencies in yields and have caused other problems in implementation.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological Conceptual Model in the Middle of Randublatung Groundwater Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
D L Setyaningsih ◽  
K D Setyawan ◽  
D P E Putra ◽  
Salahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
The North ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Groundwater Basin ◽  
Constant Head

Abstract Randublatung groundwater basin is one of the groundwaters basins with massive utilization of groundwater pumping. However, the knowledge of the comprehensive hydrogeological system in this groundwater basin is limited, so this research aims to determine a comprehensive hydrogeological conceptual model of the Randublatung groundwater basin. The methodology was conducted by collecting secondary and primary data of deep and shallow wells to evaluate boundaries of pattern and direction of groundwater flow and develop the aquifer system’s geometry. The result shows that the groundwater flow boundaries are Grogol River in the west, Wado River in the East, Bengawan Solo river in the South as a river boundary, and Rembang Mountains in the North as a constant head boundary. Therefore, groundwater flows from the hills area to the Bengawan Solo River and the north as the river’s flow. Based on the log bor evaluation, the aquifer system of the study area consist of an unconfined aquifer with a maximum thickness of 20 m and three layers of confined aquifers with thickness vary between 8 to 60 m. the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifers depends on the aquifer’s lithology range from sand, gravel, limestone, and sandstone. This hydrogeological conceptual model provides essential information for numerical groundwater models in the middle of the Randublatung groundwater basin.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODAL USAHA DAN LAMA MELAUT, TERHADAP HARGA JUAL IKAN PADA PASAR TRADISIONAL SANGGENG MANOKWARI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Sarce Babra Awom
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Collection Methods

The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of venture capital (X1)  and the long time at sea /time work hours (X2) for the offer price of fish (Y) in the tradisional sanggeng market manokwari, with 73 respondents chosen randomly and consisted of sellers and buyers in the sanggeng market. Data  collection  methods are done through interviews,  (primary data)  with a questionnaire and then  carried out  a questionnaire  test  and test the quality of the data, and then analyzed uiple linear regression. The result of research simultan eously or statistically partial variables X1 (venture capital) and variable X2 (long sea)  significantly influence the higt selling price of fish (variable y) in the manokwari sanggeng market  because the value of p. Value (0,000)<(0.05) sig (5%.) so it can be concluded that when fish traders increase capital by 1% the price of fish in the market rises by 13,5% and also when a long time to go to sea increases 1 day than the price of fish increases by  33.900,00. The government needs to control high (expensive) fish prices in the market by activating an inflation control team that continues to monitor the market price (specifically) of the fisheries sector.

scholarly journals Economic valuation and mapping of Ecosystem Services in the context of protected area management (Natural Park of Serra de São Mamede, Portugal)

One Ecosystem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Marta-Pedroso ◽  
Lia Laporta ◽  
Ivo Gama ◽  
Tiago Domingos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Natural Park

Demonstrating economic benefits generated by protected areas is often pointed out as pivotal for supporting decision-making. We argue in this paper that the concept of ecosystem services (ES), defined as the benefits humans derive from ecosystems, provides a consistent framework to approach this issue as it links ecosystem functioning and benefits, including benefits with economic value. This study aimed at providing evidence on how to bring the economic value of protected areas to the decision-making process and contributing to extend current EU Member States' experience in mapping and assessing the economic value of ES in the context of the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 (Action 5). In doing so, we used the Natural Park of Serra de S. Mamede (PNSSM), located in the Alentejo NUTS II region, as a case study. We followed a three-step approach to pursue our goals, entailing stakeholders' engagement for selecting relevant ES (through a participatory workshop), biophysical mapping of ES flows (based on a multi-tiered approach depending on data availability) and spatial economic estimation of such flows (using value transfer, willingness-to-pay and market price methods). Our results indicate that the ES with highest economic value are not always the ones with higher perceived value by stakeholders. For most ES, the economic value increased with increasing protection level within the park, except for the crop production service. Although no formal uncertainty or sensitivity analysis has been performed, the following range is based on a critical assessment of non-primary data used. We estimated the aggregate annual value of PNSSM to be 11 to 33M€/year (representing 0.1 to 0.3% of the regional NUTSII Alentejo Gross Domestic Product). Our findings reinforce the need to adopt mixes of monetary and non-monetary valuation processes and not to rely just on one approach or measure of value while bringing ES into protected areas management.

Household participation in community-based rural water supply systems: experience from Kerala, India

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Nisha
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
User Participation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Group Meetings

This study identifies the factors which influence user participation in community-based rural water supply schemes in north Kerala, using primary data. To capture the rate of participation, two forms of indices were constructed: one to measure attendance in group meetings, and the other to measure their influence on decisions. The relative importance of factors such as locality, group and household characteristics that affect participation were analysed using linear regression models. Of the three sets of factors, it was found that household characteristics were the most influential. The analysis shows that males actively participated in group meetings. Level of education and involvement of households in other local organizations were the other major factors affecting participation.

AN ANALYSIS OF MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON STAFF PRODUCTIVITY: A CASE OF WAJIR COUNTY GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Farah Mohamednoor Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
County Government ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Managerial Competencies ◽  
Human Skills

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct an analysis of managerial competencies and their influence on staff productivity in Wajir County government.Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive case study research design. The target population comprised of all the 2000 employees working with the Wajir county government. A sample size of 244 obtained by applying the Yamane formula was used. The study used stratified random sampling and simple random sampling technique to come up with the sample. The study used primary data collected through the administration of questionnaires. The statistics generated included descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The particular descriptive statistics included frequencies and percentages while the particular inferential statistics included correlation analysis and regression.Results: The possession of technical skills, conceptual skills, human skills and informational skills by managers was found to have a positive and significant effect on staff productivity.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that urgent measures be undertaken to ensure that at least everyone in management had acquired some basic technical skills in their assigned task. It was also necessary to continuously improve the existing technical skills of those in management within the county government through regular on job training for the management. The study also recommended that short courses such as conflict resolution, strategic leadership and mentorship programs should be included the county government staff development agenda as well as team building activities where those in management should be highly encouraged to avail themselves. It was also recommended that it was necessary for those in management positions to constantly acquire the needed information on the staff activities and performance in order to constantly and effectively monitor and evaluate the performance of staff in the county government to ensure that they were actively involved in activities that led to increased productivity. It was also necessary for the management to improve how and the ways in which they disseminated information at levels in the county government to ensure that barriers in communication do not hinder the progress of the county government agendas.

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