ANALYTICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF GASTRIC CANCER IN THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA AND ITS CONFORMITY WITH ALL-RUSSIAN TRENDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-601
Author(s):  
Viktor Oleksenko ◽  
Kazim Aliev ◽  
I. Akinshevich ◽  
Ye. Chirva
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Mortality Index ◽  
World Standard ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Trends

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumor, both world-wide and in the Russian Federation (RF), possessing one of the highest mortality rates. The aim of current research was to analyze the main epidemiological data, the rates reflecting the diagnostics and results of treatment of GC patients in the Republic of Crimea (RC) and to compare with national trends. Using the extensive, intensive, standardized rates, estimated by world standard method, structural analysis of the epidemiology of GC in RC for the period from 2007 to 2016 was carried out. The obtained results made it possible to compare these data with the main GC rates in RF. Results of the study. The incidence of GC in RC decreased during 10 years, for men - 16,42 (4th place), for women - 6,68 (9th place) per 100 000 of the population. By 2021 a further decline in morbidity in men is expected to be 30,27% and a possible increase in the female incidence rate - by 17,54%. The average age of GC patients in RC was 66,5 years. Index accuracy was 0,75, which testified to satisfactory conditions of specialized treatment for this tumor. Mortality from GC at the 1st year of life in RC was higher than in RF - 56,0%, which was due to low active diagnostics - 3,6% and accordingly a high proportion of GC patients of IV stage - 43,3%. Ratio index in RC for 10 years was higher than in RF and increased from 3,5 to 4,4; prevalence rate of GC in RC was lower - 84,1 per 100 000 of the population in comparison with RF, GC mortality index - 15,3 per 100 000 of the population that was lower than in RF. The proportion of patients who have been observed for 5 years or more in RC was 57,3% that was more than in RF. Conclusions. The rates reflecting early diagnostics of GC in RC are worse than all-Russian ones, which makes it necessary to develop medical examination program for the population of RC for this malignancy. The growth of ratio index, the lower mortality rates and the greater proportion of people who have been observed for 5 years or more indicates the best results of treatment of patients with GC in RC compared with similar data in RF.

scholarly journals SEGMENTATION OF TERRITORIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN ON THE LEVEL OF MORTALITY FROM MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
P. A. Askarov ◽  
A. O. Karelin ◽  
I. A. Lakman ◽  
L. F. Rozanova ◽  
Zagira F. Askarova
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Malignant neoplasms are an actual problem due to their high prevalence, high level of disability, tendency to increase. The purpose of the study is the segmentation of the territories of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) by the level of mortality from malignant neoplasms (MN) as a whole by municipalities, as well as by gender and by localizations of malignant neoplasms. Material and methods. The data of official statistics of the Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Republic of Belarus (Table C 51), Rosstat were analyzed. The study was conducted using k-means cluster analysis and rating, implemented in the Statistica system. Results. There is a significant increase in the death rate of the entire population of ZN in 41 municipalities. Analysis of standardized mortality rates shows that the mortality rate per 100 thousand of the population in the Republic of Belarus is lower than similar indicators in the Russian Federation. The exception is mortality in esophageal cancer, which is higher in both men and women than in the Russian Federation. It has been established that the regions of the fourth and fifth clusters are unfavorable in terms of mortality from MN. Discussion. Revealed a pronounced uneven distribution of the territory of the Republic of Belarus with a tendency to an increase in mortality from MN in many territories. It is possible that the main reasons for the increase in mortality rates are worsening socio-economic conditions, lower living standards, increased chemical stress in urbanized areas (air pollution), as well as insufficient promotion of healthy lifestyles among the population, preventive knowledge, and health problems. care, its poor quality. Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to establish that cluster analysis allows us to identify areas that have similar problems related to the level and trends of mortality from malignant tumors.

scholarly journals Bioecological features of rare and endangered plants during introduction in the conditions of the Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Gulnara Gassanova ◽  
◽  
Akzhunis Imanbayeva ◽  
Samal Syrlybekkyzy ◽  
Guldana Shakhaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Convallaria Majalis

The paper presents the results of research on the bioecological features of 8 species of herbaceous plants (Ixiliorion tataricum, Convallaria majalis, Ornithogalum fischeranum, Convolvulus persicus, Iris aphylla, Tulipa sogdiana, Tulipa schrenkii, Tulipa biflora), included in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan (6 species), the Russian Federation (1 species) and the Mangistau region (1 species) when introduced under the conditions of the Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden. Bioecological features of plants, life forms, their biometric indicators, results of phenological observations in conditions ex situ of Mangyshlak experimental botanical garden are given. Of the 8 studied species, 6 are ephemeroids, 2 species are long-growing. All plants go through all phases of vegetation, successfully reproduce by seed and vegetation ways. Morphometric indices of research objects exceed similar data in places of natural growth, which indicates stability in culture conditions. Following the results of the introduction into the culture, a seed fund of rare and endangered plants was laid; the use of species in ornamental gardening of the Mangistau region was proposed.

Evaluation changes in indicators of oncological service in gastric cancer in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1-2 (211-212) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Rustem Taszhanov ◽  
◽  
Nurbek Igissinov ◽  
Saken Kozhakhmetov ◽  
Sarsenbi Koblandin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Keywords Gastric Cancer ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

About 1.8 million new cases of gastric cancer (GC) are predicted and it is expected that about 1.4 million human will die from this pathology, according to the forecasts of the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2040. To this aim, an analysis studying the indicators of the oncological service for GC also makes it possible to evaluate the ongoing anti-cancer measures in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Aim. Evaluate some indicators of the oncological service at GC in Kazakhstan in 2009 to 2018. Material and methods. The research material was data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan – annual form No. 7 and 35 regarding GC (ICD 10-C50) for 2009 2018 – incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics was used as the main method. Results and discussion. For 2009-2018, 27,468 new cases of GC were registered in the republic for the first time and 19,672 deaths from this pathology were registered. The average annual crude incidence rate of GC was 16.1±0.20/0000 (95% CI=15.7-16.5) and decreased in dynamics from 16.8±0.30/0000 (2009) to 15.1±0.30/0000 in 2018, the difference was statistically significant (t=4.01 and p=0.000). In dynamics, mortality rates from GC tended to statistically significant (t=12.02 and p=0.000) decrease from 14.0±0.30/0000 (2009) to 8.9±0.20/0000 in 2018 year, and the average annual crude mortality rate from GC was 11.6±0.60/0000 (95% CI=10.5-12.7). The research of the study period reveals a trend: early diagnosis indicators (specific weight of patients with I-II stage) improved from 24.5% (2009) to 41.3% in 2018, and accordingly the specific weight of neglected patients significantly decreased with stage III (from 46.2% to 41.1%) and with stage IV (from 29.3% to 17.5%). The morphological verification indicators for GC over the studied years improved from 85.1% to 95.0%. Conclusion. An analysis of the indicators of the oncological service in GC revealed an improvement in morphological verification and early diagnosis, a decrease in neglect and mortality rates, which is undoubtedly associated with ongoing anti-cancer measures in Kazakhstan, in particular with the screening, which was carried out in 2012-2016. Keywords: gastric cancer, incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification.

scholarly journals Ureteral stump syndrome after ureteroureteroanastomosis, heminephrectomy and nephrectomy in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
I. V. Kagantsov ◽  
D. N. Shchedrov ◽  
V. V. Sizonov ◽  
V. I. Dubrov ◽  
S. G. Bondarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Distal Ureter ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Nephrectomy (NE), heminephrectomy (HNE) and the formation of ipsilateral ureteroureteroanastomosis (UUA) do not exclude the possibility of preserving the distal ureter. The remaining ureteral stump can cause the formation of ureteral stump syndrome (USS) in the form of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), hematuria, pain syndrome, and stump empyema in some cases.Purpose of the study. To assess the incidence and treatment approach of USS in children after NE, HNE and UUA performed using open and laparoscopic access in different Russian clinics.Material and methods. The study is based on the results of treatment of 778 patients from 9 clinics in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in the period from 1998 to 2020. Patients underwent NE, HNE and UUA by open or laparoscopic access. The ureter was not removed completely, its stump was left. Open access was used in 313 (40.2%) children, laparoscopic in 465 (59.8%) cases. USS was detected in 27 (3.5%) patients. The ureteral stump was removed in 26 (96.3%) children. Open removal of the ureteral stump was performed in 11 (42.3%) patients, through laparoscopic access in 13 (50.0%) and vesicoscopically in 2 (7.7%) children.Results. There were 12 boys (44.4%) and 15 girls (55.6%) among the patients with USS. USS was detected on the right in 13 (48.1%) children, on the left - in 14 (51.9%). The median age of the patients was 25 [12; 42] months at the time of USS detection. Ureteral stump was sutured and ligated in 15 (55.6%) children during the primary operation, the stump was left open after excision in 4 (14.8%) children, it was not indicated how the stump was processed in 8 (29.6%) patients. Reflux to the stump was detected in 13 (48.1%) patients, USS against the background of obstruction was detected in 14 (51.9%) children. It was determined that the frequency of SCM is lower (9 (1.9%)) with the use of laparoscopic access than with open (18 (5.8%)) operations (p < 0.004). Clinical manifestations occurred in 85% of patients with USS within a year after surgery.Conclusion. USS is a rare complication (3.5% of cases) in patients who have undergone NE, HNE and UUA with the distal ureteric stump preserving. Performing these operations by laparoscopic access allows carrying out total ureterectomy and significantly reduces the likelihood of USS development.

scholarly journals The Symptom-Free Course of Gastric Cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
S. A. Shut ◽  
E. N. Platoshkin ◽  
A. Yu. Dorogokupets
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Gastric cancer is one of the most common neoplasms in the world. The morbidity and mortality rates of this pathology in the Republic of Belarus are high. This is often associated with late case detection due to the absence of clinical manifestations. Recurrent thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery branches may be the only clinical manifestation in patients with malignant tumors. This necessitates cancer screening on patients with thrombosis of unknown etiology.

scholarly journals MEDICAL STATISTICS: ARE WE RIGHT IN EVALUATING THE MORTALITY RATES OF ONCOLOGIC DISEASES?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Sh. H. Gantsev ◽  
O. V. Zayratyants ◽  
Rasul A. Rustamkhanov ◽  
K. Sh. Gantsev ◽  
O. N. Lipatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Medical Statistics ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Coding Rules ◽  
Oncologic Diseases

The issues of medical statistics on mortality from cancer, especially the correctness of such indicators, attract general interest. In a comparative aspect, mortality rates in different countries are given and the possible influence of various factors on the distortion of these indicators is described. The death rates in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Bashkortostan and Ufa are considered in detail. Comparison of the number of doctors and oncologists in the republics of Bashkortostan and Dagestan revealed some differences in the territories by the availability of doctors, especially oncologists. At the same time, the ratio of morbidity and mortality in these territories are in similar and correct parameters. A detailed analysis of the letters of the Ministry of Health of Russia with recommendations relating to the principles of coding for cancer in combination with another pathology. The statistical incident was the change in the coding rules for a post-mortem diagnosis in 2011 and the peculiarities of the translation of the text from ICD-10. According to the results of the analysis, proposals were developed aimed at the objectification of mortality rates and 5-year survival of cancer patients.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

The development of trade relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Soviet Union (1960-1963)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Argyrios Tasoulas
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus

This article studies the development of Soviet-Cypriot trade relations in 1960-63, based on research at the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (AVP RF). Concurrently, a historical analysis follows the events after the creation of the new Cypriot state and the two major Cold War crises (the building of the Berlin wall and the Cuban missile crisis). The efforts made by both governments to develop bilateral trade, the aftermath of the two major international crises and the results of the two governments’ policies have been identified and analyzed.

Technological and Economic Aspects of Intensive Gardening Development in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
L.A. Velibekova ◽  
◽  
Sh.M. Magomedgadgiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Key Industry ◽  
Fruit Plantations

The article notes that the growing popularity of healthy lifestyles contributes to the increase in consumption of fruits and berries. At the same time, the analysis of the dynamics of the gardening industry for 2000-2018 shows that the problem of providing fresh fruits and berries to the population remains one of the most important. Based on actual data, linear and logarithmic models of time series of key industry indicators for the period 2010 – 2019 have been compiled. Calculations showed that in the Russian Federation as a whole the trend of reduction of sown areas of perennial fruit plantations will continue with growth of yield and gross fees. In this regard, the issues of distribution and introduction of gardens of intensive type are updated. An overview of the views of domestic scientists-gardeners on the concept of “intensive garden” is given. It has been established that the distribution of intensive gardens is possible only if there are favorable natural and climatic conditions and a developed scientific and production base of nursery management. The current state and problems of gardening in one of the leading regions – the Republic of Dagestan - are considered. A significant technological lag of region in the further development of intensive horticulture has been identified. Various directions of intensification process in horticulture as the main and necessary condition of growth of efficient and sustainable production are summarized.

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