The Effect of Automated versus Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis on Mortality Risk in China

Background There is an emerging practice pattern of automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) in China. We report on outcomes compared to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in a Chinese cohort. Methods Data were sourced from the Baxter Healthcare (China) Investment Co. Ltd Patient Support Program database, comprising an inception cohort commencing PD between 1 January 2005 and 13 August 2015. We used time-dependent cause-specific Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray competing risks (kidney transplantation, change to hemodialysis) models to estimate relative mortality risk between APD and CAPD. We adjusted or matched for age, gender, employment, insurance, primary renal disease, size of PD program, and year of dialysis inception. We used cluster robust regression to account for center effect. Results We modeled 100,351 subjects from 1,178 centers over 240,803 patient-years. Of these, 368 received APD at some time. Compared with patients on CAPD, those on APD were significantly younger, more likely to be male, employed, self-paying, and from larger programs. Overall, APD was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for death of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64 – 0.97) compared with CAPD in Cox proportional hazards models, and 0.76 (0.62 – 0.95) in Fine-Gray competing risks regression models. There was prominent effect modification by follow-up time: benefit was observed only up to 4 years follow-up, after which risk of death was similar. Conclusion Automated peritoneal dialysis is associated with an overall lower adjusted risk of death compared with CAPD in China. Analyses are limited by the likelihood of important selection bias arising from group imbalance, and residual confounding from unavailability of important clinical covariates such as comorbidity and Kt/V.

Download Full-text

Number of Daily Peritoneal Dialysis Exchanges and Mortality Risk in a Chinese Population

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.3747/pdi.2017.00283 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. 53-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xueqing Yu ◽

Jianghua Chen ◽

Zhaohui Ni ◽

Nan Chen ◽

Menghua Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Rural China ◽

Residual Renal Function ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Treatment Center ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Patient Support Program ◽

Employment Insurance

Background We report outcomes on ≥ 4 compared with < 4 exchanges/day in a Chinese cohort on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Methods Data were sourced from the Baxter (China) Investment Co. Ltd Patient Support Program database, comprising an inception cohort commencing CAPD between 1 January 2005 and 13 August 2015. We used cause-specific Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray competing risks (kidney transplantation, change to hemodialysis) models to estimate mortality risk on ≥ 4 compared with < 4 exchanges/day. We matched or adjusted for age, gender, employment, insurance, primary renal disease, size of CAPD program, year of dialysis inception, and treatment center. Results We modeled 100,022 subjects from 1,177 centers over 239,876 patient-years. Of these subjects, 43,185 received < 4 exchanges/day and 56,837 ≥ 4 exchanges/day. The proportion of patients on < 4 exchanges/day varied widely between centers. Those on < 4 exchanges/day were significantly older, more often female, of unknown employment, and from rural China. In the various models, ≥ 4 exchanges/day was associated with a significantly lower risk of death by 30% – 35% compared with < 4 exchanges/day. This beneficial effect was greatest in younger and rural patients. Conclusions In this Chinese CAPD cohort, ≥ 4 exchanges/day was associated with significantly lower mortality risk than < 4 exchanges/day. Analyses are limited by residual confounding from unavailability of important prognostic covariates (e.g., comorbidity, socioeconomic factors) and data on residual renal function, peritoneal clearance, and transport status with which to judge the clinical appropriateness of CAPD prescription. Nonetheless, our study indicates this area as a high priority for further detailed study.

Download Full-text

Maintained Folic Acid Supplementation Reduces the Risk of Mortality in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000480222 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1-3) ◽

pp. 28-35

Author(s):

Rong Rong ◽

Qian Zhou ◽

Jianxiong Lin ◽

Naya Huang ◽

Wei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Folic Acid ◽

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Folic Acid Supplementation ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cutoff Value ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Models

Background: The association between folic acid (FA) supplementation and mortality in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients is unclear. Methods: FA exposure was calculated as a percentage of cumulative duration of drug usage to total follow-up duration (FA%). A total of 1,358 patients were classified by a cutoff value of FA%. The association of FA with mortality was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: The cutoff value of FA% for predicting mortality was <34% at a median follow-up of 40.7 months. FA ≥34% was associated with decreased risk for all-cause (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] 95% CI 0.64 [0.48-0.85] and cardiovascular mortality 0.67 (95% CI 0.47-0.97). Moreover, the adjusted HRs per 10% higher FA for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 0.925 (95% CI 0.879-0.973) and 0.926 (95% CI 0.869-0.988), respectively. Conclusions: Longer period of FA supplementation led to a reduction in risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in CAPD patients.

Download Full-text

Faster Transport Status and Mortality in Anuric Patients Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000433416 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 160-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liping Xiong ◽

Li Fan ◽

Qingdong Xu ◽

Qian Zhou ◽

Huiyan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽

Increased Risk ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship

Background: There are limited data regarding the relationship between transport status and mortality in anuric continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods: According to the dialysate to plasma creatinine ratio (D/P Cr), 292 anuric CAPD patients were stratified to faster (D/P Cr ≥0.65) and slower transport groups (D/P Cr <0.65). The Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association of transport status with mortality. Results: During a median follow-up of 22.1 months, 24% patients died, 61.4% of them due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Anuric patients with faster transport were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR (95% CI) = 2.16 (1.09-4.26)), but not cardiovascular mortality, after adjustment for confounders. Faster transporters with pre-existing CVD had a greater risk for death compared to those without any history of CVD. Conclusion: Faster transporters were independently associated with high all-cause mortality in anuric CAPD patients. This association was strengthened in patients with pre-existing CVD.

Download Full-text

Abstract 11900: Influence of Competing Risks on the Association Between Warfarin and Ischemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation: The Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.11900 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey M Ashburner ◽

Alan S Go ◽

Yuchiao Chang ◽

Margaret C Fang ◽

Lisa Fredman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Competing Risks ◽

Stroke Risk ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Subdistribution Hazard ◽

Risk Of Death

Introduction: Studies examining the association between warfarin therapy and incidence of ischemic stroke in adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) have not accounted for patients who die of non-stroke causes. Hypothesis: Accounting for the competing risk of death may provide greater understanding of the “real world” impact of warfarin on stroke risk during multiyear follow-up in a large, diverse cohort of AF patients. Methods: We assessed this association in the ATRIA community-based cohort of AF patients (n=13,559; study years 1996-2003), with thromboembolic (>90% ischemic stroke) events (TEE) being clinician-adjudicated. Extended Cox proportional hazards regression with time-varying warfarin exposure estimated the cause-specific hazard ratio (HR) for TEE while adjusting for stroke risk factors. Fine and Gray subdistribution regression was used to estimate this association while also accounting for competing death events. Results: Patients using warfarin were younger, more likely to have had a prior stroke, and to have known diabetes, coronary disease, and heart failure, and also had higher mean CHA2DS2VASc scores (3.68 vs. 3.22). The death rate was much higher in the non-warfarin group (8.1 deaths/100 person-years; 2637 deaths vs. 5.5 deaths/100 person-years; 1777 deaths on warfarin). The cause-specific HR indicated a large reduction in TE with warfarin use (adjusted HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.50-0.65). In subdistribution hazard models accounting for competing death events over the full follow-up of 6 years, this association was substantially attenuated (adjusted HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.99). In analyses limited to 1-year follow-up with only 648 competing death events, the results without accounting for competing risks (adjusted cause-specific HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.43-0.71) were similar to the results that did account for competing risks (adjusted subdistribution HR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.46-0.75). Conclusions: By accounting for competing death events, our results reflect a more realistic estimate of the multi-year stroke prevention benefits of warfarin for patients with AF. Many old/frail individuals with AF will not live long enough to gain substantial benefit from warfarin.

Download Full-text

A Proposal of a Personalized Surveillance Strategy for Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of 9191 Patients

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2019/3248727 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Si-wei Pan ◽

Peng-liang Wang ◽

Han-wei Huang ◽

Lei Luo ◽

Xin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Rank Test ◽

Surveillance Strategy ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Personalized Cancer

Background. In gastric cancer, various surveillance strategies are suggested in international guidelines. The current study is intended to evaluate the current strategies and provide more personalized proposals for personalized cancer medicine. Materials and Methods. In the aggregate, 9191 patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy from 1998 to 2009 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Disease-specific survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to confirm the independent prognostic factors. As well, hazard ratio (HR) curves were used to compare the risk of death over time. Conditional survival (CS) was applied to dynamically assess the prognosis after each follow-up. Results. Comparisons from HR curves on different stages showed that earlier stages had distinctly lower HR than advanced stages. The curve of stage IIA was flat and more likely the same as that of stage I while that of stage IIB is like that of stage III with an obvious peak. After estimating CS at intervals of three months, six months, and 12 months in different periods, stages I and IIA had high levels of CS all along, while there were visible differences among CS levels of stages IIB and III. Conclusions. The frequency of follow-up for early stages, like stages I and IIA, could be every six months or longer in the first three years and annually thereafter. And those with unfavorable conditions, such as stages IIB and III, could be followed up much more frequently and sufficiently than usual.

Download Full-text

Predictors of Survival in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Five-Year Prospective Study

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686089601601s36 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 190-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Morrell M. Avram ◽

Paul A. Fein ◽

Luigi Bonomini ◽

Neal Mittman ◽

Raphael Loutoby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Term Survival ◽

Predictors Of Mortality

Our objective was to examine the influence of various demographic, clinical, and enrollment biochemical variables on the long-term survival of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. This was a prospective cohort study investigating the relationship between demographics and enrollment biochemical markers and mortality in CAPD patients in a CAPD unit in a large tertiary care teaching hospital. One hundred and sixtynine patients in the CAPD program were enrolled between 1989 and 1994, and were followed up to 60 months. Independent predictors of mortality determined by Cox proportional hazards model included age, diabetes, serum albumin and creatinine. Enrollment level of serum albumin, and creatinine can predict mortality in CAPD patients up to 60 months. Markers of visceral and somatic nutrition at enrollment are important predictors of mortality in CAPD patients up to five years.

Download Full-text

Risk Factors for Mortality in Chinese Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.3747/pdi.2013.00164 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 199-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Fan Zhang ◽

Hong Liu ◽

Xiaoli Gong ◽

Fuyou Liu ◽

Youming Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Patient Survival ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Hazards Model ◽

Kaplan Meier

ObjectiveThe intent of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome and risk factors affecting mortality of the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients in a single peritoneal dialysis (PD) center over a period of 10 years.Patients and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients on PD from June 2001 to June 2011. The clinical and biochemical data were collected from the medical records. Clinical variables included gender, age at the start of PD, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), presence of diabetes mellitus and blood pressure. Biochemical variables included hemoglobin, urine volume, residual renal function (RRF), serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, comorbidities, and outcomes. Survival curves were made by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses to identify mortality risk factors were performed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsA total of 421 patients were enrolled, 269 of whom were male (63.9%). The mean age at the start of PD was 57.9 ± 14.8 years. Chronic glomerulonephritis was the most common cause of ESRD (39.4%). Estimation of patient survival by Kaplan-Meier was 92.5%, 80.2%, 74.4%, and 55.7% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Patient survival was associated with age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.641 [1.027 – 2.622], p = 0.038), cardiovascular disease (HR: 1.731 [1.08 – 2.774], p = 0.023), hypertriglyceridemia (HR: 1.782 [1.11 – 2.858], p = 0.017) in the Cox proportional hazards model analysis. Estimation of technique survival by Kaplan-Meier was 86.7%, 68.8%, 55.7%, and 37.4% at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. In the Cox proportional hazards model analysis, age (HR: 1.672 [1.176 – 2.377], p = 0.004) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR: 1.511 [1.050 – 2.174], p = 0.026) predicted technique failure.ConclusionThe PD patients in our center exhibited comparable or even superior patient survival and technical survival rates, compared with reports from other centers in China and other countries.

Download Full-text

Natriuretic Peptide Levels Correlate with Pulmonary Pressures and Prospective Mortality in SCD: Use of This Biomarker To Identify Prevalence and Mortality of Pulmonary Hypertension in the MSH Cohort.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v106.11.1.1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Roberto Machado ◽

Martin Steinberg ◽

Duane Bonds ◽

Samir Ballas ◽

William Blackwelder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cell Disease ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Regression ◽

Proportional Hazards Regression

Abstract Pulmonary hypertension [PH-tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV) ≥2.5 m/s] is a common complication of sickle cell disease associated with high mortality. Identification of biomarkers of PH and mortality could facilitate screening and risk stratification in this population. Validated biomarkers would provide methods for retrospective evaluation of the prevalence and prognosis of PH in large historical cohorts of patients such as the Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia(MSH). Because brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) is released from the ventricles during pressure strain, we hypothesized that BNP levels would correlate with the severity of PH and prospective risk of death in patients with SCD. BNP was measured in 45 African-American control subjects and 230 patients with SCD. Median (interquartile range) BNP(pg/ml) was higher in patients with PH than patients without PH or controls[+PH: 206(81–701),-PH: 47(26–104), C: 29, P<0.001]. BNP levels directly correlated with age (R=0.32, P<0.001), creatinine (R=0.22, P<0.001), LDH(R=0.31, P<0.001), TRV (R=0.5, P<0.001), pulmonary vascular resistance (R=0.5, P=0.001); and inversely with hemoglobin(R=0.41, P<0.001), cardiac output(R=0.47, P= 0.003) and 6-minute walk distance(R=0.51, P=0.001). The area under the ROC for BNP and the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension was 0.84 (P<0.001). A cutoff value of 160 pg/ml (corresponding to the 75th percentile for the population) had 58% sensitivity and 98% specificity for the diagnosis of PH. Cox proportional hazards regression identified BNP as an independent predictor of mortality(RR 2.17,95% CI 1.2–3.8, P =0.001) with clear mortality break point at the 75th percentile(160 pg/ml). To independently explore the prevalence and associated risk of PH in patients with sickle cell disease, a BNP value of 160 pg/ml was used as an indicator of PH. BNP levels were then measured in plasma samples collected in 121 patients who were enrolled in the MSH patient’s follow-up study that started in 1996. These patients had received hydroxyurea or placebo for two years, had moderately severe disease based on study entry criteria, and had 9-years of comprehensive follow-up. An abnormal BNP level ≥160 pg/ml was present in 30% of patients in the MSH cohort. BNP levels correlated directly with age(R=0.35, P<0.001) and creatinine (R=0.24, P<0.001), and inversely with hemoglobin(R=−0.54, P<0.001). There was no correlation between BNP and rate of painful episodes or acute chest syndrome, use of hydroxyurea or leukocyte count. A high BNP level in the MSH cohort was associated with mortality by logistic regression(OR 3.04,95% CI 1.2–7.6, P = 0.018) and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis(RR 2.87, P=0.017). The relationship remained significant for continuous log- transformed BNP values and after adjustment for other covariates. These studies confirm that PH is common, mechanistically linked to hemolytic anemia and the major risk factor for death in SCD. Provocatively, the MSH analysis suggests that rates of pain episodes in this small sample of seriously ill patients were unrelated to risk of death: this risk was largely determined by a high BNP level, which is probably explained by undiagnosed hemolysis-associated PH.

Download Full-text

Association between Phenotypic Age and Mortality in Patients with Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2022/4524032 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2022 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Qiong Ma ◽

Bo-Lin Li ◽

Lei Yang ◽

Miao Zhang ◽

Xin-Xin Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Biological Aging ◽

Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Artery Disease

Background. Chronological age (CA) is not a perfect proxy for the true biological aging status of the body. A new biological aging measure, phenotypic age (PhenoAge), has been shown to capture morbidity and mortality risk in the general US population and diverse subpopulations. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between PhenoAge and long-term outcome of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. A total of 609 multivessel CAD patients who received PCI attempt and with follow-up were enrolled. The clinical outcome was all-cause mortality on follow-up. PhenoAge was calculated using an equation constructed from CA and 9 clinical biomarkers. Cox proportional hazards regression models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to evaluate the association between PhenoAge and mortality. Results. Overall, patients with more diseases had older PhenoAge and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel). After a median follow-up of 33.5 months, those with positive PhenoAgeAccel had a significantly higher incidence of all-cause mortality ( P = 0.001 ). After adjusting for CA, Cox proportional hazards models showed that both PhenoAge and PhenoAgeAccel were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Even after further adjusting for confounding factors, each 10-year increase in PhenoAge was also associated with a 51% increased mortality risk. ROC curves revealed that PhenoAge, with an area under the curve of 0.705, significantly outperformed CA, the individual clinical chemistry measure, and other risk factors. When reexamining the ROC curves using various combinations of variables, we found that PhenoAge provides additional predictive power to all models. Conclusions. In conclusion, PhenoAge was strongly associated with all-cause mortality even after adjusting for CA. Our findings suggest that PhenoAge measure may be complementary in predicting mortality risk for patients with multivessel CAD.

Download Full-text

The Significance of Follow-Up Serum Uric Acid Levels in Predicting All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-146953/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pingping Ren ◽

Qilong Zhang ◽

Yixuan Pan ◽

Yi Liu ◽

Chenglin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Significant Difference ◽

All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background: Studies on the correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) and all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were mainly based on the results of baseline SUA. We aimed to analyze the change of SUA level post PD, and the correlation between follow-up SUA and prognosis in PD patients. Methods: All patients who received PD catheterization and maintaining PD in our center from March 2, 2001 to March 8, 2017 were screened. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to analyze the effect of SUA levels on the risks of death. We graded SUA levels at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months post PD by mean of SUA plus or minus a standard deviation as cut-off values, and compared all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with different SUA grades. Results: A total of 1402 patients were included, 763 males (54.42%) and 639 females (45.58%). Their average age at PD start was 49.50±14.20 years. The SUA levels were 7.97±1.79mg/dl at baseline, 7.12±1.48mg/dl at 6 months, 7.05±1.33mg/dl at 12 months, 7.01±1.30mg/dl at 18 months, and 6.93±1.26mg/dl at 24 months. During median follow-up time of 31 (18, 49) months, 173 (12.34%) all-cause deaths occurred, including 68 (4.85%) cardiovascular deaths. There were no significant differences on all-cause mortality among groups with graded SUA levels at baseline, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months during follow-up or on cardiovascular mortality among groups with graded SUA levels at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months during follow-up. At 6 months post PD，Kaplan Meier analysis showed there was significant difference on all-cause mortality among graded SUA levels (c2=11.315, P=0.010), and the all-cause mortality was lowest in grade of 5.65mg/dl≤SUA<7.13mg/dl. Conclusion: SUA level decreased during follow up post PD. At 6 months post PD, a grade of 5.65mg/dl≤SUA<7.13mg/dl was appropriate for better patients’ survival.

Download Full-text