scholarly journals The changing geo-cultural space of the CIS countries in the 20-21st centuries (on the material of renaming cities)

2021 ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kalutskov
Keyword(s):  
Baltic States ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
Linguistic Innovation ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Near Abroad ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Low Rate

The article deals with the main cultural and geographical approaches to the study of renaming — critical-toponymic, palimpsest, geoconceptual. From the position of conceptualization of space, a typology of renaming geographical objects is proposed. Among the main motives for renaming are the following: status, national renaming, de-Sovietization and de-Russification of space, “new Russification” of space. On the basis of a large amount of factual material, the changes in the geocultural space of the Neighboring countries are investigated. At the same time, there are 3 groups of countries: countries with a transformed geocultural space, where renaming affected more than half of the studied objects, countries with a changed cultural and geographical space, where renaming covers from 25 to 50 % of the cities considered, and countries with a slightly changed geocultural space (renaming covers less than a quarter of the studied objects). A significant group of countries of the Near Abroad (Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, South Ossetia) belongs to the countries with a transformed cultural space. These countries are characterized by the processes of revolutionary attitude to the Soviet heritage (with the exception of Abkhazia and South Ossetia) and active cultural and linguistic innovations. Two countries of the Near Abroad (Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan) belong to the countries with a changed cultural space. A significant group of countries in the Near Abroad belongs to countries with poorly modified cultural space (renaming covers less than a quarter of the studied objects). These are Ukraine, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Armenia, Georgia and Uzbekistan. Some of these countries are characterized by a low rate of cultural and linguistic innovation. Others — the Baltic states, Armenia, and Georgia-experienced waves of renaming much earlier, in pre-Soviet or Soviet times.

Igaunijas un Somijas kultūrtelpu dialogs Ādolfa Ersa publicistikā

2020 ◽  
pp. 236-241
Author(s):  
Sarmīte Buholce
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
National History ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Mental Map ◽  
Narrative Patterns ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Geographical Space

Ādolfs Erss (1885–1945) is a journalist in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century. He works and publishes in several newspapers “Līdums”, “Latvijas Sargs”, “Kopdarbība”, “Latvis”, “Jaunākās Ziņas”. As the special representative of the newspaper “Pēdējē Brīdī”, he travels to the Baltic States, gets acquainted with the countries and allows the reader to use the publicity material as a mental map to distance travel. In order to enrich the creative impressions, the intellectuals use the opportunity to travel during this period. The broadness of the vision, the extension of the geographical space, the inclusion of literary influences and impressions in their texts create innovations in the works of many writers. Erss is also experimenting with his texts: he is looking for new forms to compile the quality of cognition in history, geography, economy, and culture of different nations with his impressions and experiences. The emotional background symbiosis with factual material in Erss’ publications represents the cultural space of the era. It is important to look at a set of publications for each topos, for Estonia and Finland, to track their reception in the literary space of the modernist artistic system. The author puts the spotlight on writing as a priority, of different cultural space. The strategy of texts includes the parallelism of cultures of different countries, including Latvia, which is revealed through the various narrative patterns typical for Erss: travel descriptions and notes, letters from a “special correspondent”. The topicalities of national history, geography, economic life, literature and art are permeated by the possible paths of cultural parallels, rapprochement and cooperation. In his publications, Erss created the testimony of the era, justifying the idea of cooperation and rapprochement between cultures of different nations.

New Varangians (Russian Diaspora in the Baltic States)

2003 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
R. Simonyan ◽  
T. Kochegarova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The West ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
The Baltic

The article contains a comparative analysis of the economic potential of the Russian minority national groups abroad. The advantages of the Russian diaspora in the Baltic states compared with Russian diasporas in the West and the CIS countries are discussed. A conclusion is made on the base of sociological data that a new subethnos, Baltic "Eurorussians", can play a significant role in Russia's economic development.

GEOPOLITICS AND GEOPOETICS IN STANISŁAW KOLBUSZEWSKI’S BALTIC ESSAYS

Via Latgalica ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Wojciech Browarny ◽  
Piotr Zazula
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Local Color ◽  
Territorial Claims ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Geographical Space

The paper discusses Stanislaw Kolbuszewski’s essays devoted to the capitals of the Baltic states (W stolicach państw bałtyckich, Poznań 1939; (In the Capitals of the Baltic States).) the author visited in the 1930s. Kolbuszewski’s aim was to familiarize the Polish reader with modern Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia as seen through the eyes of a (friendly) stranger. His book clearly transcends the conventional limits of its genre (travel writing, journalism, reportage). The three capitals function there as extended conceptual metaphors of the Baltic states, their history, architecture, urban layout, and local color being viewed by the Polish “tourist” as symbolic manifestations of their inhabitants’ national mentality. The paper focuses on the geopolitical and geopoetic ideas implicit in Kolbuszewski’s account, exploring the connections between “imagined” geographical space and the nation’s collective memory. Curiously enough, though a Polish nationalist at heart, Kolbuszewski does not make any territorial claims on what was once “Polish Livonia”. Instead, he enthusiastically endorses Baltic nationalisms, dismissing the German and Russian cultural contributions as hostile foreign intrusions. The tropes of ethnic “purity” and folk cultures viewed as pillars of national identity, recurrent in Kolbuszewski’s Baltic essays, bring to mind the anti-German propaganda employed by Polish National Democrats after WW1 and Polish communists after WW2 in their attempt to justify Poland’s annexation of German Silesia, Pomerania, and Masuria, symbolically redefined in the Polish political discourse as the so-called Regained Territories. The connection between Kolbuszewski’s Baltic essays and his affinities with the Regained Territories narrative, as developed by Polish Western Thought and the Piast historiography, is our focus in this article.

scholarly journals Does Latvia Matter in Regional Geopolitics?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Jeremy W. Lamoreaux ◽  
Nicholas Dyerly
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Near Abroad ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

AbstractAs early as 1994, scholars, analysts and policymakers began to wonder the extent to which the Baltic States mattered in the relationship between Russia and the West. The general consensus for the following 20 years was that the Baltic States matter considerably, especially following their inclusion in both the EU and NATO in 2004. However, in the past few years two trends have emerged which begin to call this accepted knowledge into question. First, the relationship between Russia and the West has turned more hostile following nearly 20 years of detente. The West insists (especially NATO) insists that it is within its right to protect states that were formerly part of the Soviet Union/Russia’s “near abroad”. Russia, on the other hand, insists that NATO incursion into the “shared neighborhood” is a violation of trust and overstepping normal geopolitical bounds.Second, the Baltic States who once presented something of a united front for the West against Russia, no longer appear to have a common approach to foreign policy. While Estonia leans toward Scandinavia, and Lithuania leans toward Poland and Ukraine, Latvia is a bit of an odd man out with nowhere to turn. Furthermore, even other states in the Shared Neighborhood no longer seem to see Latvia as a valuable ally within the West. Considering this state of affairs, this paper considers whether Latvia matters anymore in regional geopolitics, or whether they are losing relevance.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATION OF AN INVESTIGATOR IN THE FORMER USSR REPUBLICS: COMPARATIVE LAW ASPECT

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Александр Трефилов ◽  
Aleksandr Trefilov ◽  
Сергей Бочинин ◽  
Sergey Bochinin
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Institutional Affiliation ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The Status ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Former Ussr

On the basis of regulatory and doctrinal sources the authors consider the issue about which procedural subject possesses the status of an investigator in the states of the former USSR. The authors prove that the problems that are facing the CIS and the Baltic states in the sphere of organizing pre-trial proceedings, in particular, that of institutional affiliation of an investigator, are inherited from the Soviet time, since it was during this period that investigation ceased to be judicial. It is justified that the majority of the CIS countries have preserved the model of organizing pre-trial proceedings that existed in the Soviet times; and only four countries – Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine attempted to create a body authorized exclusively for the conduct of preliminary investigation. It is justified that due to this fact it is impossible to consider the creation of investigative committees in the former USSR states as a universal trend. The authors demonstrate that some countries from this group have created investigative committees while others have not. At the same time in none of the legal orders preliminary investigation has become judicial.

Baltic States in the European Union

2006 ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
R. Simonyan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Baltic

The article analyzes social and economic changes, which have occurred in the Baltic states after their EU accession. It reveals new tendencies in the development of this new region of the united Europe that plays a significant geostrategic role for Russia.

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