scholarly journals Brexit

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-157
Author(s):  
Jacob Winn
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Relationship

The Brexit vote — the British people’s vote to leave the European Union in 2016 — represents the outcome of a successful populist movement. More recently, the Conservative Party’s staggering 2019 electoral success demonstrated that the populist “Get Brexit Done” message remains popular among both traditional Conservatives and broad swaths of the working class in former Labour Partystrongholds. This study aims to explain the Conservative Party’s marked change rhetoric and policy, as well as factional shifts within the halls of Westminster, in response to the ongoing Brexit negotiations. While some scholars look at the supplyside causes of populism (elites and political parties) and others look at the demandside causes (the voters), this study applies a third school of thought that examines the relationship between supply and demand by analyzing a series of interviews with Conservative Party staff as well as public opinion polling. In doing so, the study concludes that there has been a deep, reciprocal, and simultaneous onset of populist Euroscepticism within both the Conservative Party and the working class that has structurally re-aligned the Conservative Party for decades to come, from more ‘libertarian’ to more ‘authoritarian’ in nature. A feedback loop between the new Conservative base and the Conservative Party has rendered and reciprocated a new mentality among voters. This research contributes to the existing literature as an example of the aftermath of populist movements when both elites and voters are able to forge cooperative relationships to achieve their goals.

Research and approaches to the integration processes in the European Union

2017 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Alexander Motsyk
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Integration Levels

The article is devoted to the study of modern trends of integration processes. We studied the methodological principles and approaches to the study of the integration of subjects. Specifically analyzed integration levels: individual, regional, domestic, interstate, global. Also, isolated and characterized various forms of integration: political, economic, informational, cultural and others. We analyzed the integration process as a result of the relationship, cooperation, convergence and integration into a single unit of any parts, components countries, their economies, social and political structures, cultural, social and political groups, ethnic groups, political parties, movements and organizations. It is proved that integration has several levels of development. Interaction at the level of enterprises and organizations (first level) – directly to producers of goods and services. The integration of the economies of the main links of different countries is complemented by the interaction at the country level (the second level). The third level of development of integration processes – interaction at the level of parties and organizations, social groups and individuals from different countries – can be defined as a social and political one. Fourth level – is the level of the actual integration group as an economic community, with its characteristics and peculiarities. It was noted that today is used by political science approaches to the study of integration. It is important to the following principles: federalism, functionalism, communicative approach, and others. Keywords: Integration, levels, approaches, studies, European integration, politics, economics, features

scholarly journals A Matter of Supply and Demand: The Electoral Performance of Populist Parties in Three European Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Electoral Performance

This article assesses the electoral performance of populist parties in three European countries: the Netherlands, Poland and the United Kingdom. In explaining the electoral performance of the populist parties in the three countries, the article considers the agency of political parties in particular. More specifically, it examines the responsiveness of established parties and the credibility of the populist parties. Whereas the agency of populist parties, or other radical outsiders, has often been overlooked in previous comparative studies, this article argues that the credibility of the populist parties themselves plays a crucial role in understanding their electoral success and failure.

Who leads and who follows? The symbiotic relationship between UKIP and the Conservatives – and populism and Euroscepticism

Politics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bale
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Party ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Populist Party

The UK Independence Party (UKIP) is not so much a populist party that became Eurosceptic as a Eurosceptic party that became populist. However, careful tracing of a sequence that began in the late 1990s reveals that it was not UKIP but the Conservative Party that first fused populism and Euroscepticism. David Cameron’s decision in 2006 to temporarily abandon both approaches, just as Nigel Farage became UKIP’s leader, turned out, in historical institutionalist terms, to be a critical juncture. It provided UKIP with an opportunity to fill the gap, after which the Conservatives were unable, as Europe was hit by successive economic and migration crises, to regain the initiative. As a result, and as Cameron’s coalition government failed to meet its promises to control immigration, UKIP enjoyed increasing electoral success. This allowed it to exert significant, if indirect, pressure on the Tories, eventually helping to force Cameron into promising an in/out referendum – a promise that did neither him nor his party any good. The UK case, therefore, reminds us that anyone wanting to understand populist Euroscepticism needs to appreciate that the relationship between the radical right and its mainstream, centre-right counterpart is more reciprocal, and even symbiotic, than is commonly imagined.

SOCIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION REGIONAL COMMUNITIES AND THE ELECTORAL SUCCESS OF REGIONAL PARTIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
M.V. ISOBCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Politics ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Regional Parties ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Relationship

The spread of regionalist movements is one of the stable trends in world politics. At the same time, among the researchers of regionalism, there has never been a consensus on the determinants of the success of the regionalist movement: some researchers attribute the structural factors of the region to such, others explain the success of regionalism by the activities of its actors. However, in this vein, the social and organizational characteristics of the regional community are also important. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the socio-organizational characteristics of the community on the success of the regionalist movement. The research methodology consists in a quantitative (comparison of two groups, regression) analysis of the relationship between the socio-organizational characteristics of communities and the success of the regionalist movement in them. The study revealed statistically significant differences between regionalist regions and regions without a regionalist movement in terms of the parameters of social capital and trust in government bodies at various levels. At the same time, it is not possible to unequivocally declare the relationship between these characteristics and the electoral success of regionalism due to the low explanatory significance of the final regression model. Nevertheless, the study empirically proved the importance of the study of socio-organizational characteristics in the study of regionalism.

Immigration and Voting Patterns in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-589
Author(s):  
Ethan J Grumstrup ◽  
Todd Sorensen ◽  
Jan Misiuna ◽  
Marta Pachoka
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Far Right ◽  
European Parties ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Tempers flared in Europe in response to the 2015 European Refugee Crisis, prompting some countries to totally close their borders to asylum seekers. This was seen to have fueled anti-immigrant sentiment, which grew in Europe along with the support for far-right political parties that had previously languished. This sparked a flurry of research into the relationship between immigration and far-right voting, which has found mixed and nuanced evidence of immigration increasing far-right support in some cases, while decreasing support in others. To provide more evidence to this unsettled debate in the empirical literature, we use data from over 400 European parties to systematically select cases of individual countries. We augment this with a cross-country quantitative study. Our analysis finds little evidence that immigrant populations are related to changes in voting for the right. Our finding gives evidence that factors other than immigration are the true cause of rises in right-wing voting.

Politics in an era of globalisation and European Union integration

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Leška
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Public Space ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Nation States ◽  
European Public ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
To Come ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article looks at the mutual relations and links between globalisation and the integration of countries within the European Union. As the economic sphere is undergoing unrestrained globalisation, the position and sovereignty of nation-states is being weakened and politics is becoming harnessed to the economy. The relationship between the economy and politics is thus changing and there is a need to regulate the economy at a supranational level. The European Union has the potential to make positive use of the trend towards globalisation and limit its negative impacts on the economic, social, ecological and cultural levels. This requires, however, deeper integration and further harmonisation of the countries of the European Union in the economic and political spheres. In order for the countries to come closer together, as the current situation requires, a European people (or demos) and a European public space must be created.

Trade Unions and Political Parties in Britain, France, Italy and West Germany

1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495
Author(s):  
David Coombes
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
West Germany ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Relationship

The object in trying to compare the relationship between trade unions and working-class political parties in these four countries was to see how far the relationship had changed in response to certain trends supposed to be common to the countries concerned. The trends were: (i) the changing role of working-class parties themselves; (ii) the decline of political representation, especially by parliamentary means, in favour of direct action; (iii) the growth of government in the social and economic sphere and increasing direct participation by trade unions in governmental decision-making. It was considered important to look at these countries together in view of their growing economic and political interdependence, in spite of fundamental differences among them which affect the roles both of political parties and of trade unions.

scholarly journals Brexit and Parliament: The Anatomy of a Perfect Storm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg Russell
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Minority Government ◽  
Perfect Storm

Abstract The Westminster parliament lies at the heart of UK democracy. Yet its role and powers became increasingly controversial during the ‘Brexit’ process, following the 2016 referendum decision to leave the European Union. Fierce arguments were framed as ‘parliament versus people’, which fed a populist narrative and raised fundamental questions about where UK sovereignty should lie. This article charts the stages of parliament’s Brexit ‘perfect storm’, tracing its causes to four factors: the design of the referendum, a period of (unfamiliar) minority government, deeply divided political parties, and the weakness of parliamentary rules in facilitating a solution. In the end, the Brexit argument was primarily one inside the Conservative Party, but parliament got the blame.

scholarly journals Brexit and the working class on Teesside: Moving beyond reductionism

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Telford ◽  
Jonathan Wistow
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Alternative Perspective

Too often, members of the working class who voted to leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum have been framed as uneducated and unaware of their own economic interests. This article, based on 26 in-depth face-to-face interviews and a further telephone interview on Teesside in the North East of England, offers an alternative perspective that is more nuanced and less reductionist. The article critiques some of the commonly heard tropes regarding the rationale for voting leave, it then exposes how leave voters rooted their decision in a localised experience of neoliberalism’s slow-motion social dislocation linked to the deindustrialisation of the area and the failure of political parties, particularly the Labour Party, to speak for regional or working-class interests.

scholarly journals Employment or Development in a Semi-Peripheral Region: The Roadrunner Paradigm

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10545
Author(s):  
María-Luisa Gómez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Peripheral Area ◽  
The Relationship

This study observes the relationship between employment policies and the evolution of the productive system, applying the theoretical framework of local development to an average-sized town in a semi-peripheral area of the European Union, during the period from 1975 to 2015. To do so, a case analysis was made of the outcomes of employment policies via their effects on the variables impacting on the productive fabric. The following data sources were used: grey literature related to public policies; published statistics on demographic variables and economic activity; and local press reports. The following results were obtained: (a) the responses of economic agents owe more to the changes in the international scenario than to employment policies; (b) it is essential to analyse the evolution of demographic factors to properly interpret the relationship between labour supply and demand. We conclude that (a) corporate culture significantly influences the success or otherwise of employment policies, and (b) in the semi-peripheral area discussed, unemployment is an endemic problem that successive cohesion and employment policies have failed to resolve. Therefore, the use of innovation-oriented theoretical and practical approaches should be reconsidered.

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