Energieeffizienzindex von fabrikintegrierten Werkzeugmaschinen*/Energy efficiency index of factory-integrated machine tools - Comprehensive assessment of the energy efficiency of machine tools with a key figure

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (07-08) ◽  
pp. 513-519
Author(s):  
T. S. Schudeleit ◽  
L. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Europäische Union ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Evaluation

In Europa entfällt mehr als ein Drittel des elektrischen Energiebedarfs auf die Industrie. Die Europäische Union strebt eine Regulierung verschiedener industrieller Produktgruppen an, um diesen Anteil zu senken. Dies hat zur Entwicklung der Normenreihe ISO 14955 – Umweltorientierte Bewertung von Werkzeugmaschinen – geführt. Bis heute fehlt allerdings eine Methode, um die Effizienz einer Werkzeugmaschine quantitativ zu bestimmen. Zudem bleibt die Versorgung mit Druckluft, Kühlwasser, Absaugung und Klimatisierung durch die Gebäudetechnik meist unberücksichtigt. Diese Lücken schließen die neuen Forschungsarbeiten.   In Europe, more than a third of electric energy is consumed by industry. The European Union aims to regulate various industrial product groups to reduce this rate. It has also led to the development of the ISO 14955 standard series ‘Environmental evaluation of machine tools‘. A method, however, to determine the efficiency of a machine tool quantitatively is still missing. In addition, the supply of compressed air, cooling water, extraction and air-conditioning by technical building services has generally been disregarded until now. These gaps are filled by recent research work.

The Total Energy Efficiency Index for machine tools

Energy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 682-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Schudeleit ◽  
Simon Züst ◽  
Lukas Weiss ◽  
Konrad Wegener
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Efficiency Index

Energieautarke Kühlung von Lineardirektantrieben*/Experimental investigation of self-sufficient cooling systems for linear direct drives of machine tools - Recuperation of the thermal losses in linear motors with thermoelectric generators

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (05) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
E. Prof. Uhlmann ◽  
S. Salein
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Linear Motors

Das wachsende Bewusstsein für eine umweltgerechte und damit nachhaltige Fertigung sowie steigende Energiepreise führen zur erhöhten Nachfrage nach energieeffizienten Lösungsansätzen für langlebige Produktionsmittel. Die Energierückgewinnung von thermischen Verlusten durch thermoelektrische Generatoren stellt hierfür einen innovativen Ansatz dar. Das als Energy Harvesting bekannte Konzept wird am Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Fabrikbetrieb (IWF) der Technischen Universität Berlin auf seine Eignung zur Erhöhung der Energieeffizienz von hochdynamischen Werkzeugmaschinen untersucht. Der Fachbeitrag präsentiert experimentelle Ergebnisse zur Rückgewinnung von thermischen Verlusten eines Linearmotors. Die im Wärmefluss platzierten thermoelektrischen Generatoren generieren eine elektrische Leistung, die direkt zur Versorgung des Motorkühlsystems genutzt wird. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die elektrischen Verbraucher eines Wasser- und Luftkühlsystems aus der rückgewonnenen Energie der thermoelektrischen Module betrieben werden können.   The growing awareness for environmentally friendly and sustainable production as well as the increase of energy costs leads to a rising demand for energy efficient solutions for long-life production facilities. An innovative approach in this field is the recuperation of energy from thermal loss through thermoelectric generators. The proof of applicability to use an energy harvesting concept in order to increase the energy efficiency of highly dynamic machine tools with linear direct drives is part of a research objective at the Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management (IWF) of the Technische Universität Berlin. The present paper investigates experimentally the recuperation of thermal losses in linear direct drives. Thermoelectric generators are placed in the heat flow to convert heat into electric energy which is directly supplied to the cooling system of a device. Experimental results show the feasibility to operate the electrical loads of water and air cooling systems by the electrical energy harvested from thermoelectric generators.

Research on Electric Energy Efficiency Index Systems and Evaluation Method of Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1496-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Fang Yang ◽  
Feng Yu Wang ◽  
Mao Mao Wu ◽  
Gang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Index Systems ◽  
Information Energy ◽  
Energy Information

Under the circumstances of the increasing ratio of China’s building power consumption, the electric energy efficiency index systems of buildings is established based on the interpretative structure model in the paper, including energy-saving of equipment, power energy information, energy-saving of management and comprehensive power consumption information. Then the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method is used for evaluating the present power energy efficiency of buildings.

Methodology to Increase Energy Efficiency in Discrete Manufacturing

2014 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Johannes Boehner ◽  
Moritz Hamacher ◽  
Arnim Reger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Discrete Manufacturing

The utilisation phase of machinery in discrete manufacturing operations is characterized by changing economical and technical requirements like capacity, performance and as emerging requirement reduced energy consumption. Established industry practices as well as upcoming standards mainly focus on improving the energy efficiency by developing new machinery. Especially existing factories and the machinery in use offers energy saving potentials to be identified and to be capitalized by implementing energy saving retrofit measures. By doing so, the use of existing manufacturing machinery leads to a sustainable use of manufacturing equipment. The discussed research work therefore includes an approach to interpret in-process measurement data and to derive electric energy savings potentials. Based on this assessment, improvement measures like dimensioning, reduction of baseline energy-consumption by updating the PLC and minimisation of peak loads by energy management is engineered. Finally the financial impact of the obtained energy savings is quantified by evaluating the developed methodology during several use cases.

scholarly journals Rescaling the energy label for washing machines: an opportunity to bring technology development and consumer behaviour closer together

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Boyano ◽  
Nieves Espinosa ◽  
Alejandro Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Washing Machines ◽  
Energy Label ◽  
Energy Labelling

Abstract Washing machines have in recent years incorporated programmes that are very energy- and water-efficient, but this entails a long programme duration, often beyond 4 h. These are also the programmes that the manufactures use to define, test and declare the overall water and energy efficiency of the machines. In response to these developments, there is evidence that consumers are reluctant to use excessively lengthy programmes, even if they are aware that the programmes are more energy-efficient. This paper analyses this divergence of programme offer and programme use, which jeopardises the energy efficiency policy objectives for these appliances in the European Union (EU). The paper explores several policy measures to address this divergence, discussed in the context of the revision of the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling regulations that apply to washing machines in the EU. Three different measures are studied: the provision of information about the programme duration on the energy label, the inclusion of time as an intrinsic parameter of the energy efficiency index calculations and the setting of a programme duration cap. The paper concludes that introducing programme duration as an additional parameter of the energy efficiency index would result in the highest energy savings. However, this scenario is associated with significant uncertainties since competition among the manufacturers for a better energy label classification will not solely focus on energy efficiency aspects, and the outcome of such competition is unclear. The other two measures investigated are less effective but would also deliver savings. A programme duration cap would bring energy savings if consumers are aware of their existence and select the now shorter yet energy-efficient programmes more often. The provision of programme duration information on the energy label would also be effective but requires that consumers are able to correctly understand it.

scholarly journals Assessing the Energy Efficiency Potential of Recycled Materials with Construction and Demolition Waste: A Spanish Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7809
Author(s):  
César Porras-Amores ◽  
Patricia Martin Garcia ◽  
Paola Villoria Sáez ◽  
Mercedes del Rio Merino ◽  
Veronica Vitielo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Energy Efficiency Potential

Buildings are responsible for 40% of the overall final energy consumption in the European Union. On the other hand, the construction, energy, and industry sectors generate around 50% of the waste produced in Europe, out of which a third part is construction and demolition waste (CDW). In recent years, many research works have been carried out to analyze the viability of incorporating waste, especially CDW, as a substitute for traditional raw materials with great environmental impact. However, most of the studies found cover only the mechanical characterization of the compound, and there are very few that analyze these materials in specific building applications. This research work evaluates the energy efficiency potential of recycled materials with CDW. After an exhaustive analysis of the main existing recycled materials, an energetic evaluation of several construction solutions is carried out, as well as a comparison with traditional solutions. The findings show that the incorporation of recycled materials in several building construction elements is a success, since it not only reduces the consumption of raw materials, but also reduces the energy consumption of the building. Energy savings using recycled materials can range from 8% in a warm region (such as Seville) up to 13% in cold regions (such as Soria), which are greater in heating than in cooling.

scholarly journals Energy saving as the main tendesy of the enterprise energy policy: foreing experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Ch. Pulka ◽  
Yu. Dzyadykevitch
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Unit Energy

The process of energy saving and its components in the production sphere is investigated. It is determined, that the national policy of energy saving deals with the increase of fuel-energy recourses extraction, application of non-conventional renewal energy sources, maximum usage of energy saving potential, as well as adapting of the national law system to the EU standards. The need to make alterations in the Energy Strategy of Ukraine till 2030 concerning the increase of importance of energy saving control processes and energy efficiency of different types of recourses during the period of the Fourth energy-package implementation in the European Union is substantiated. It is shown, that successful control of the energy saving processes in the production sphere can be obtained by energy efficiency resulting in the decrease of electric energy consumption per product during production, the cost of the renewal energy sources and noxious substances wastes. It is noted, that according to the law of Ukraine «On energy efficiency» it is expected, that energy efficiency specifies the equipment, technologies, production or system on the whole and it indicates the level of energy resources consumption per product production. The increase of energy efficiency is obtained by the introduction of some organizational and engineering measures in the production process. Energy efficiency and energy saving are interrelated processes, which testify the level of efficiency the fuel-energy resources consumption per final production unit. Energy efficiency describes the quality processes in energy sources application, having both political and social problems, and require the implementation of new society approaches to the application of energy recourses. It is noted that the Energy Union envisages the creation of a single architecture of the electricity market, which should promote the market integration of electricity generated by renewable energy sources (RER) and increase the energy efficiency of the European economy.

Analysis Criteria for Choosing Energy Efficient High-Quality Light Sources and Luminaires

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Gennady Ya. Vagin ◽  
Eugene B. Solntsev ◽  
Oleg Yu. Malafeev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Energy Labelling

The article analyses critera applying to the choice of energy efficient high quality light sources and luminaires, which are used in Russian domestic and international practice. It is found that national standards GOST P 54993–2012 and GOST P 54992– 2012 contain outdated criteria for determining indices and classes of energy efficiency of light sources and luminaires. They are taken from the 1998 EU Directive #98/11/EU “Electric lamps”, in which LED light sources and discharge lamps of high intensity were not included. A new Regulation of the European Union #874/2012/EU on energy labelling of electric lamps and luminaires, in which these light sources are taken into consideration, contains a new technique of determining classes of energy efficiency and new, higher classes are added. The article has carried out a comparison of calculations of the energy efficiency classes in accordance with GOST P 54993 and with Regulation #874/2012/EU, and it is found out that a calculation using GOST P 54993 gives underrated energy efficiency classes. This can lead to interdiction of export for certain light sources and luminaires, can discredit Russian domestic manufacturer light sources and does not correspond to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

On the Optimal Precoder Design for Energy-Efficient and Secure MIMO Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tung T. Vu ◽  
Ha Hoang Kha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Precoder Design

In this research work, we investigate precoder designs to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) of secure multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in the presence of an eavesdropper. In general, the secure energy efficiency maximization (SEEM) problem is highly nonlinear and nonconvex and hard to be solved directly. To overcome this difficulty, we employ a branch-and-reduce-and-bound (BRB) approach to obtain the globally optimal solution. Since it is observed that the BRB algorithm suffers from highly computational cost, its globally optimal solution is importantly served as a benchmark for the performance evaluation of the suboptimal algorithms. Additionally, we also develop a low-complexity approach using the well-known zero-forcing (ZF) technique to cancel the wiretapped signal, making the design problem more amenable. Using the ZF based method, we transform the SEEM problem to a concave-convex fractional one which can be solved by applying the combination of the Dinkelbach and bisection search algorithm. Simulation results show that the ZF-based method can converge fast and obtain a sub-optimal EE performance which is closed to the optimal EE performance of the BRB method. The ZF based scheme also shows its advantages in terms of the energy efficiency in comparison with the conventional secrecy rate maximization precoder design.

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